9月至9月澄迈农技中心土肥站工作汇报.doc

2011年9月至2012年9月澄迈农技中心土肥站工作汇报为贯彻落实中共海南省委关于加快海南西部地区开发建设的若干意见文件精神，以及中共澄迈县委贯彻落实中共海南省委关于加快海南西部地区开发建设的若干意见的实施意见的工作要求，县农技中心土肥站在上级的领导下，认真实施土肥岗位工作，自2011年9月至2012年9月的这段期间内，开展了与土壤肥料相关工作，取得了可喜的成效，但也存在一些有待解决的问题，现汇报如下： 一、组配业务骨干，完成三年来的测土配方施肥项目验收工作。我县自2008年开始实施农业部测土配方施肥补贴项目，2011年底到期验收。为做好此项目的验收工作，从各股站抽调业务骨干组成测土配方施肥验收工作小组，小组成员具体分工负责，在规定的时间内完成了三年来的项目实施材料归档，在热带农科院专家的帮助下，制作了全县土壤养分图、施肥分区图、地力等级图，开展耕地地力评价，完善测土配方施肥数据库和县域耕地资源数据库，构建了我县耕地资源管理信息系统。由于三年来的项目实施工作到位，管理规范，任务指标按质按量按时完成，2011年12月22日，我县承担的农业部测土配方施肥补贴项目，经省农业厅组织的专家验收小组验收，一致同意通过验收。二、大力抓好测土配方施肥技术推广应用。为把测土配方施肥技术推广应用到我县广大农村，我们在全县选择53个行政村和瑞溪镇全镇率先整体推进应用测土配方施肥技术，“整建制”推进率镇占9.1%，行政村占30%，全县创建配方施肥高产示范片水稻11个，香蕉5个，福橙4个，创建瓜菜测土配方施肥标准基地8个，全县推广应用测土配方施肥面积52万亩，每亩实现节本增效30元以上。其中早稻11万亩，晚稻14万亩，占67.5%，香蕉3万亩，占43%，福橙3000亩，占30%以上，瓜菜10万亩，占50%以上，其他（橡胶、荔枝、西瓜等）13.7万亩。把全县种植大户、农民专业合作社，农民科技示范工程1000户全部纳入了测土配方施肥示范户，提供全程测土配方施肥技术指导服务。另外在全县868个自然村中，每村扶持2个科技示范户，让他们在当地起带头作用。在瑞溪镇的罗浮洋、大东洋建立2个万亩水稻、瓜菜测土配方施肥示范区，充分发挥示范带动作用。依托农民专业合作社、种植大户、肥料供销企业等社会力量，因地制宜探索示范按方配肥供肥，配方肥连锁供应，指导农民按方施肥以及统测统配统供统施等社会化专业化服务模式。三、取得的工作成效。 (一)经济效益自2011年9月至2012年9月以来，澄迈农技中心土肥站，在上级的英明领导下，对全县推广应用测土配方施肥技术，水稻、蔬菜和水果等主要热带作物上推广应用面积达52万亩，覆盖村数2062个，涉及农户32700户，发放施肥建议卡83700份，示范应用配方肥配方24个，配方肥施用总量8770吨，配方肥施用面积25.7万亩，总增产1.27万吨，总减不合理施肥量(纯量) 2107.5吨，增收节支总额达4291.98万元。测土配方施肥技术的推广应用，显著降低了我县农民的生产投入成本，节约化肥用量，减少农药施用，增加农民收入，提高农产品质量，平均每亩节省肥料成本14.6元，平均每亩增加收入32.2元。我们一年来的工作，得到了广大农户的好评，取得了显著的社会效益。（二）社会效益通过广泛的宣传和对农民的培训及技术指导，特别是样板示范效应，使广大农民目睹了测土配方施肥技术应用的效果，从而认识到盲目施肥，过量施肥、施量不足，偏施肥料等都是错误的。通过测土配方施肥“缺什么补什么，吃饱不浪费“才是科学的施肥方法，自觉地转变施肥观念，并付诸于行动。不少农民还请我们到田间地头帮他们抽样检测，有的甚至自己采样将土样送到农技中心要求化验。（三）生态效益推广测土配方施肥技术，农民偏施肥，少施肥等盲目施肥现象逐步减少，也重视了有机肥的施用，按照测土配方施肥建议卡的指标施用，使肥料养分平衡，促进作物正常生长，提高了肥料的利用率，减少了养分流失，土壤养分结构趋于合理，土壤性质得到改善，耕地质量得到提高。同时减轻了因盲目过量施肥给作物带来肥害和造成土壤和水源的污染，影响农产品的质量安全。四、主要存在问题1、宣传培训工作力度有待持续加强，部分农民对测土配方施肥技术还不够了解和掌握，习惯施肥观念一时很难转变过来。2、对测土配方施肥项目工作领导工作力度有待持续加强，一些工作有待持续完成，因此，需进一步的努力和加强。3、农技部门十多年不进新人，原有技术人员知识老化，缺乏土肥专业人才，技术力量薄弱，工作力不从心。五、今后的工作打算1、按照项目实施五个环节十一项工作要求，抓紧努力完成尚未完成的各项实施工作。2、继续抓好田间肥效极校正对比试验，尽快建立我县水稻、瓜菜、香蕉、福橙、无籽蜜柚、无核荔枝等主要作物测土配方施肥指标体系。3、抓好水稻、瓜菜、福橙、无籽蜜柚、无核荔枝等主要作物施肥配方发布提供、配方肥生产招标和建立配方肥销售网点等工作。4、重点抓好水稻、瓜菜、福橙、无籽蜜柚、无核荔枝测土配方施肥示范点建设工作，树立样板，发挥样板示范、辐射带动的作用。5、加强培训、指导和推广工作力度，引导农民大面积应用测土配方施肥技术，提高测土配方施肥的经济效益和社会效益。6、抓好流动检测服务，发挥流动服务站的作用，免费为广大农民，示范户、种植大户、农业专业合作社等提供测土、配方技术指导服务。澄迈县农业技术推广中心土肥站2012年10月18日Editor's note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for four years, covering severe weather from tornadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitter: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the world's first satellite - Sputnik. I also missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon and the first space shuttle take off for the stars. Those events were way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for the stars.As a meteorologist, I've still seen many important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, you'd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. I'm anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico desert.It's like the set for a George Lucas movie floating to the edge of space.You and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up there 待添加的隐藏文字内容3Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I watched the balloons positioned at different altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line "we" would be go for launch.I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a photographer, but above all I live for taking a leap of faith - the feeling of pushing the envelope into uncharted territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted the partially filled balloon that would take him to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiverWith each twist, you could see the wrinkles of disappointment on the face of the current record holder and "capcom" (capsule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunday.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, "Fearless Felix" will unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, he'll be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes it's not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it won't. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).It might not be the moon, but Kittinger free fell from 102,800 feet in 1960 - at the dawn of an infamous space race that captured the hearts of many. Baumgartner will attempt to break that record, a feat that boggles the mind. This is one of those monumental moments I will always remember, because there is no way I'd miss this.