新课标高考英语考点预测语法填空.doc

新课标英语考点预测：语法填空一、考情分析为了配合新课标改革，山西省从14年开始高考英语试题类型有了大的变化-改单项选择和短文改错为语法填空；面对新题型（语法填空），我们应当作出怎样的反应呢？认真研读考纲和新课程标准，研究要考查的知识点是我们一线教师必然要做的。 二、语法填空考查形式分析§ 考查的形式有三种:第一种：纯空格形式。第二种：英语单词提示形式。第二种：汉语提示形式。 、纯空格形式1. 考查的主要是连词、副词、冠词、介词、代词等。 考 查 连 词: A)引导各种从句的连词即从属连词。§ 如引导定语从句的关系词which, who, whom, whose, that, where, when, why, as等；§ 引导名词性从句的关联词what, who, whom，which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, that, whether, if§ 副词B) 并列句的各种关联词叫并列连词。如and, but, or, though, although, so, bothand, not onlybut also,neithernor,eitheror, however, while, otherwise, for, therefore,§ 状语从句等的引导词where, wherever, when, if , how, unless, until例： and how old he is. abroad for study.解析：1. 两个句子之间很显然是转折关系，并且有逗号隔开，所以选用however；2. 两个句子之间很显然是转折关系，无逗号隔开，所以选用but.3. 此句and连接的前后时态、语态和词性等通常情况下关系是平行 的，因此后面的how old he is 提醒我们前面也应是从句且is interested in 的in后接宾语，据 情景可知此处要填what.4. China carried out the opening-up policy和a total of one million students have gone abroad for study. 都是独立的句子，因此要用连词 来连接，have gone为完成时态，因此这个连词必然要能与完成时态搭用，根据情景可知句子要表达数据显示自从中国实行改革开放政策以来，。所以选填since. 考查冠词在语法填空中，主要考查不定冠词 aan 和定冠词 the 之间的运用，一般不考零冠词。例： 2. But my mood quickly changed when I saw_解析：1. boy 是可数名词，这里用单数形式，因此填a；2. 此处特指第一个问题，因此填定冠词the;第 1页 共 14页3. MP4是可数名词，且其首字母发音是元音音素，所以填an; 考查习语、习惯搭配和常用句式主要考查学生对习语，短语词组和常见句式掌握的熟练程度，因此平时要多掌握一些固定搭配。常见词组，如：as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, according to , congratulateon, devoteto, earn ones living, keep ones word, make up ones mind，keepdoing sth., preventfrom doing, enjoy doing, like doing, 等。特殊固定用法：need doing 需要被做。，feel like doing, get sth. done, have sth. done, have sb. doing / do sth., have sth. to do.etc.常用的句型, 如: so/suchthat, it is(for sb. / of sb. .) to do sth., There is no doubt / need that, there is no sense in doing sth，neithernor, eitheror, its (high) time that sb. do / should do sth等等。例：1. 2. 3. The city is so attractive of visitors come here for a sightseeing every year.4. 5. 动词think + 形式宾语it + 宾补best + 真正宾语 that-clause解析：1. neithernor.的用法；2. 介词后接名词或动名词，同时此处也是固定搭配there is no sense in doing sth.的用法；3. so.that.的用法4. long before 的用法 考查对词义的推断能力和常识判断能力这一方面主要涉及到实词，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。做题时须分析上下文据语境来判断语义和词形。例： _ of the Peoples Republic of China. school.解析：1. 北京是中华人民共和国的什么呢？ 当然是首都，因此填名词capital.2. 中国拥有较大的什么，但占地面积却比加拿大小。众所周知中国人口居世界首位，因此此处填名词population.3. a public school中的public和前面的but告诉我们此处要填private. 、单词提示形式空格后跟有英语单词提示（单词加括号），主要考查词性转换和实词词形变化。 考查词形转换和确定词性的能力例： 第 2页 共 14页解析：1. escape后接名词代词等充当宾语，因此将动词press改为名词pressure;2. differently副词修饰前面的speak。3. 括号前为the, 而冠词不能单独存在，必须跟名词放一起，因此改括号里的动词为名词。 考查动词的形态变化如时态、语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气等。例： 解析：1. 前面那句话里的lives和 At present已经暗示我们此处要用一般现在 时态，而主语he又是第三人称单数，因此填settles.2. 这里考查动词不定式的完成式，他被大家认为发明了因特网而因特网已经存在，动作已经完成了，所以用完成式。3. 介词后接名词或动名词的考查，因此改动词examine 为examining. 考查名词的形态变化主要考查名词的单复数和主谓一致。例： 解析：1. many 提示我们后接复数名词，而deer的单复数形式一样。2. 由系动词are可知主语应为复数，而mouse的复数形式为mice.考查形容词、副词比较等级的变化例： 解析：1. 从at the next meeting 可知我们将在下一次会议的时候还继续讨论这个问题，因此应该是更多的，更远的讨论。2. than是比较级的标志，因此填worse. 注意一些固定的表达法。如：with 的独立主格结构1. The most common worry is burglary（入室盗窃）being broken into while they are abroad. 解析：1. with 后的four out of ten指的是那些担心家被盗贼盗窃的人，即是worry动作的发出者，因此用v-ing形式。2. his hand是被困在背后，所以用v-ed表被动。3. to do动词不定式表有事要做，主动表被动。 第 3页 共 14页 、中文提示形式一个中文词组对应的英语单词可能不只一个，因此做题时，要视语境的实际需要进行选词，尤其要注意词性和词形要根据语境的变化而变化。例： 秘密)。 秘密).解析：1.副词 secretly修饰前面的动词搭配get done。2.不定冠词a必须和名词放一起才能存在，因此其后用名词secret. 三、2007-2008年广东省高考英语语法填空分析07年广东卷：break）down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wonderingwhere I was going to spend the night when I realized that the house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting （settle）into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse tomy car to pull it to there was a garage.I had noticed three hens running free in my hostesss courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my （merry） till far into the night.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old 答案解析：31broke break）down near a remote and poor village. 分析when引导的从句，可看出缺谓语，而括号后已经给出动词，因此这时候就要考虑用什么时态，语态？很明显考查的就是 动词的形态变化。 根据语境可知这里需用一般过去时。32who 考查宾语从句 were arguing as tohouse. 分析句子可知should have.缺少 主语，而这里又指谁有这个荣幸收留我为客人的意思，因此填关联词 who.33as 考查连词as的作为。之意34settled 固定搭配get sb. done的用法35a town是可数名词，这里没有加s，说明是单数，因此要用不定冠词a36where 定语从句的考查，先行词是20 kilometers away前的 a small town，是地点，而从句不缺主要成分，因此用where;37other （1.5）我住的那家为我杀鸡，而其他村民们为我们带来了羊奶。， 因此考查代词other。38merrily （0.5） 空格前面是talked动词，这里很显然就要用副词修饰动词，因此转换词性，merry改为merrily。39for 我在走的时候想报答这为主人，因为我所带来的麻烦，原因不明星， 因此用介词for;40her 代词的考查，我给她带来的麻烦，cause后用宾格。 08年广东卷：Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life. these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, plucking up a crop (help) it grow, is based on the following story.第 4页 共 14页It is said that a shorttempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279) was very anxious to help grow up quickly. He was thinking about day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.One day, he came up with an idea He was very tired doing this for a whole day, felt very happy since the crop did grow(high).His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their develop often (result) in the contrary to our intention.答案解析：31. behind 连词的考查，这些谚语背后都有有趣的故事。32. to help 不定式做目的状语。33. his 代词的考查，让他自己的水稻长得快。34. this 想刚说过的事情用this. 代词的考查。35. that 同位语从句。考查连词36. after 介词的考查，指劳累一整天后疲劳。37. but 连词的考查，根据逻辑关系应该用转折语气；意为在干了一整天这 样的活后他感到很累，但他却因为庄稼确实高了些而高兴38. higher 比较级的考查，和拔苗之前比较更高。39. natural 词性变化，应该用形容词。用形容词修饰其后的名词course。 四、广东省08年各名校英语模拟考试语法填空专项练习及答案解析（10篇）（1）In the United States, there were 222 people 1_ （report） to be billionaires（亿万富翁） in 2003. The 2_ of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3_ starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old 4_ he first helped to set 5_ the company in 1976. He was a billionaire by the time he was 31.6_, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7_ （young） ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8_ of these child actors made over a million dollars 9_ （act） in movies before they were 14. But the youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn and Taxis of Germany, 10_ inherited （继承） a billion dollars when he turned 18 in 2001!1reported 非谓语动词的考查，与前面的were构成被动语态，在美国，2003年有222人被报道是亿万富翁。2richest/wealthiest 从of these和Bill Gates可知此空指他们中最富有的的是。 最高级的考查；3by Bill Gates是通过创立微软公司赚钱的，且starting提示此空应填介词， by通过。方式4when 引导时间状语从句5. up 固定搭配set up建立，创立之意6. However 转折关系7. younger 比较级的考查，even , much, few, rather等可修饰比较级，加强语气，此处指Gates很年轻的时候就赚钱了，而有些人在比Gates更年轻的时候也赚了很多钱8. Both 指Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple两个童星9. acting 动词-ing作方式状语，act与其逻辑主语these child actors之间是主动关系，因此用-ing形式10. who 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是人Albert von Thurn，同时who作从句的主语。（2） （steal）. They第 5页 共 14页evidence.To their （amaze）, the car had been returned there was a note in it that said: I apologize for taking your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to send her to the as soon as tonights Rowan Atkinson concert.Their faith in humanity restored（恢复）they immediately found that their house 9_（be） ransacked （洗劫）. On the bathroom mirror was note: I have to put my kid through college somehow, dont I? 答案解析：1. stolen 考查句型主语+find+sb+v-ing / v-ed分词，此处选用-ed分词，因为new car是被偷，被动关系；2. at 考介词，at指具体某个地方3. to 考介词，to指到达某个地方4. amazement 固定搭配 to ones + 表情感的名词（如 surprise，delightment）令某人。的是，5. and 连词的考查，and在此表递进，顺承6. hospital 空格前的the提醒我们此处应填名词，我老婆临盆，不得不送去。，据语境可知应该是去医院生孩子，因此填hospital。7. for 介词，指有两张今晚Rowan Atkinson演唱会的票。8. the 特指这场偷车人所给的票的演唱会9. had been 时态语态的考查，过去完成时的被动态，他们的房子遭洗劫是在found 前，过去的过去，房子是被洗劫，所以填had been10. another 上文there was a note，而这里又出现note，因此是另外的 （3）People 1_ （live） in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 2_ in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four 3_ five hundred thousand words. But we do not need 4_ these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. 5_ you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more.The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary 6_ （big）. Read as many books as we can. There are a lot of books 7_ （write） in easy English. You will enjoy them. When you meet 8_ new word, look it 9_ in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your 10_ （much） useful book. 答案解析：1. living v-ing作后置定语，live与people是主动关系2. languages 实词的考查，根据语境可知世界上有大约一千五百多种语言3. or/to or表选择，在这两者中，to 表从。到。那么多，二者皆可4. all 指我们并不需要所有这些语言，all 所有的5. Before 介词的考查，在你离开学校之前，。Before指时间的先后顺序6. bigger 指你应该让你的词汇量更加大7. written ed分词作后置定语，修饰books8. a a new word， 一个新单词，word是可数名词，而这里用单数因此要用不定冠词a9. up 固定搭配 look up in the dictionary 查字典之意10. most 作副词修饰useful，意思最，非常 （4）1_ artist had a small daughter. Sometimes he painted women 2_ any clothes on, and he and his第 6页 共 14页3_ always tried to keep the small girl out 4_ he was doing this, She is 5_ young to understand, they said.But one day, when the artist 6_ （paint） a woman with no clothes on, he forgot to lock the door, and the girl suddenly ran into the room. Her mother ran up the stairs 7_ her, but when she got to the room, the little girl was already in the room and looking at the woman. 8_ her parents waited for her to speak.For a few seconds the little girl said 9_, but then she ran to her mother and said 10_ （angry）, Why do you let her go about without shoes and socks on when you dont let me? 答案解析：1. An an artist 一个艺术家2. without 从。always tried to keep the small girl out和下文 But one day, when the artist 6_ （paint） a woman with no clothes on, he forgot to lock the door,这里可看出，他经常画没有穿任何衣服的女人。3. wife 实词的考查，据语境可知填wife4. when/while 当他们这样做的时候，考查时间状语从句5. too 固定搭配tooto, 太。而不能。，指他们的小孩太小了而不能明白6. was painting 过去进行时的考查，当他正在。的时候，7. after ran after 追踪，追赶8. Both/Then Then 然后，表时间顺序；both指夫妇二人，二者皆可9. nothing 不定代词的考查，but then she ran to her mother and said 10_ （angry）从词句可看出，刚开始的时候，那小女孩没有说什么10. angrily 副词修饰动词said （5）Most Americans dont like to get advice 1_members of their family. They get advice from 2_ （strange）. When they need advice, they dont usually go to people they know. 3_ many of them write letters to newspapers and magazines 4_ give advice on many different subjects, 5_ （include） family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and even on how 6_ （buy） a house or a car.Most newspapers regularly print letters from 7_ （read） with problems. Along with the letters 8_ are answers written by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors, 9_ are lawyers or educators. But two of the most famous writers of advice are women without special 10_ （train） for this kind of work. 答案解析：1. from 考查介词，from 此句指从什么地方得到意见，下文 they get advice from中可看出填此词2. strangers 此处填名词，上文get advice from members of their family可指此处填人，因此填strangers陌生人”3. Instead 换言之，他们会写信给报纸或杂志询问而不是向熟悉的人问意见4. that/which 定语从句，先行词是newspapers and magazines，因此可填that/which，此外，that/which在从句中作主语5. including -ing短语做伴随状语6. to buy 动词不定式的考查，how to buy 作介词on的宾语7. readers 据语境应该填reader读者，报纸会印刷来自有问题的读者的信件8. there there be 句型的考查，表存在9. others some。，others。固定搭配10. training 介词without后接动名词，指没有受过特别训练 （6）Snake dishes have become popular 1_ recent years. Snake meat in various flavors （风味） can第 7页 共 14页2_ （see） in restaurant ads very often. Eating snake seems to be now in vogue（盛行）, and if you havent eaten snake yet, you are considered out of date. But I wonder 3_ all the trends are worth following.Some people may defend themselves 4_ saying that snake meat is nutritious. But these people dont realize that many parasites（寄生虫），5_ do harm to our health, are found inside snakes.According 6_ a survey, about 1000 tons of snakes are eaten every year in China and sometimes as 7_ as 10 tons of snakes are served on dinner tables in Shenzhen in a single day!These figures warns us that if no action is taken, 8_ number of snakes will drop and make an increase in mice and worms population, which will 9_ in a decrease（减产） of crop output. Who will see such tragedy happen?So lets start not to eat snakes any more because to protect the snake is to protect 10_. 答案解析：1. in 介词的考查，in recent years,固定搭配，意为近年来2. be seen 主语是Snake meat是物，意不同风味的蛇肉常在餐厅广告上被看到因此，要用被动语态，含有情态动词的被动语态的考查3. if/whether wonder后接if/whether引导的宾语从句，是否之意4. by 空格后的saying用了-ing形式，因此空格应填介词，by指通过。的手段或方式方法5. which 非限制性定语从句的考查，先行词为many parasites（寄生虫），填which，同时which作从句do harm to our health的主语6. to 固定搭配 according to 根据之意7. many 同级比较 as many as 10 tons of snakes，10 tons of snakes是可数名词复数，因此用many8. the 固定搭配the number of 。大量的。之意9. result 固定搭配result in，导致。10. ourselves 反身代词的考查，据语境应填themselves，指保护蛇就是保护我们自己 ( 7 )A jobless man applied for the position of office boy at a big firm. (interview) him, then a test: clean the floor. You are hired, he said, give me your Ill send you the application to fill. The man replied I dont have a computer, email.Im sorry, said the HR manager, that means you do not exist. And doesnt exist cannot have the job. no hope at all. He didnt know what to do, with only $10 in his pocket.He then decided to go to the supermarket and buy a 10 KG tomato crate. He then sold the tomatoes in a door to returned home with $60. 零售商) in the US. He started to plan his familys future, and decided to have a life insurance. asked him his email. The man replied: I dont have an email. The broker replied (curious), You dont have The man thought for a while, and replied: An office boy! ( 8)There was once a boy who had a temper. His father gave him a bag of nails and told him that every time he lost his anger, the number of nails hammered (gradual) decreased. He discovered was easier to hold his temper than