高考英语一轮复习 Unit4 Earthquakes任务型阅读全方位训练1 新人教版必修1.doc

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes任务型阅读1阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入一个恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。Passage 1What Should You Do When an Earthquake Hits?If you find the ground shaking beneath your feet，theres an international consensus on how you should act.Earthquake safety boils down to three basic steps：1.Drop to the ground.2.Take cover by getting under a sturdy desk or table.3.Hold on to it until the shaking stops.If there isnt a table or desk near you，drop to the ground in an inside corner of the building and cover your head and neck with your hands and arms.Do not try to run to another room just to get under a table.If you are in bed，hold on and stay there，protecting your head with a pillow.You are less likely to be injured staying where you are.Broken glass on the floor has caused injury to those who have rolled to the floor or tried to get to doorways.If you are outdoors，move to a clear area if you can safely do so；avoid power lines，trees，signs，buildings，vehicles，and other hazards：If youre at the movies or a sports game，stay at your seat and protect your head and neck with your arms.Dont try to leave until the shaking is over.Then walk out slowly watching for anything that could fall in the aftershocks.If youre driving a car，pull over to the side of the road，stop，and set the parking brake.Avoid overpasses，bridges，power lines，signs and other hazards.Stay inside the vehicle until the shaking is over.If a power line falls on the car，stay inside until a trained person removes the wire.If youre by the shore，drop，cover and hold on until the shaking stops.Estimate how long the shaking lasts.If severe shaking lasts 20 seconds or more，immediately evacuate to high ground as a tsunami （海啸） might have been generated by the earthquake：1Vlove inland 3 kilometers（2 miles）or to land that is at least 30 meters（100 feet） above sea level immediately. Dont wait for officials to issue a warning.Walk quickly，rather than drive，to avoid traffic,debris and other hazards.If you live downstream for a dam，you should know flood-zone information and have prepared an evacuation plan.Latastrophie failure is unlikely，but dams can fail during major earthquakes.The main point is to try not to move and to immediately protect yourself as best as possible where you are.Earthquakes occur without any warning and may be so violent that you cannot run or crawl；you therefore will most likely be knocked to the ground where you happen to be.You will never know if the initial jolt will turn out to be start of the big one.In addition，studies of injuries and deaths caused by earthquakes in the US over the last several decades indicate you are much more likely to be injured by falling or flying objects（TVs，lamps，glass，bookcases，etc.）than to die in a collapsed building.“Drop，Cover and Hold on” offers the best overall level of protection.答案：1.Measures/Steps/Action 2.covered 3.or/otherwise/since 4.avoiding/not 5.supposed/expected 6.pull 7.escape 8.prepare 9.where 10.less Passage 2Events such as hurricanes，earthquakes，floods，volcanic eruptions，and tornadoes are all natural disasters.They are mostly related to the weather.Some are predictablelike a hurricane.Some，like an earthquake，surprise us.It is necessary for us to learn about them，so we can be prepared! Flooding happens during heavy rains，when rivers overflow，when ocean waves come onshore，when snow melts too fast or when dams or banks break.Flooding is the most common of all natural disasters.Hurricanes are severe tropical storms that form in the southern Atlantic Ocean，Caribbean Sea，Gulf of Mexico，and in the Pacific Ocean.Hurricanes gather heat and energy through contact with warm ocean waters.Evaporation from the sea water increases their power.Hurricanes have winds at least 74 miles per hour.When they come onto land，the heavy rain，strong winds and heavy waves can damage buildings，trees and cars.Tornadoes are natures most violent storms.Tornadoes must always be taken seriously.Tornadoes can be very dangeroussometimes even deadly.They come from powerful thunderstorms and appear as moving.Tornado winds can reach 300 miles per hour.They cause damage when they land the ground.They can damage an area one mile wide and 50 miles long.While thunder wont hurt youlightning will! So its important to pay attention when you hear thunder.Thunderstorms happen mostly in summer and every thunderstorm has lightning.Lightning can strike people and buildings，which is very dangerous.Thunderstorms affect small areas when compared with hurricanes and winter storms.The typical thunderstorm is 15 miles in diameter and lasts an average of 30 minutes.A volcano is a mountain with a large opening at the top through which melting rock，steam，gases escape from time to time with violent force from inside the earth.When pressure increases，eruptions occur.Gases and rock shoot up through the opening fill the air with small pieces.Eruptions can cause lava flows，hot ash flows，mudslides，falling ash and floods，which is likely to knock down entire forests，cause floods and earthquakes.Fresh volcanic ash can cause damage to the lungs of older people，babies and people with respiratory problems.Terrible Natural DisastersNatural 1 ReasonsBasic featuresPossible damage toFloodingHeavy rainsThe most commonOcean 4 Snow meltsDams or banks breaks 2 Heavy 5 BuildingsStrong wind at least 74 miles per hour 7 and carsHeavy wavesTornadoesWind 300 miles per hourA large 8 Dangerous，even 6 ThunderLightningPeople and 9 Volcanic 3 Pressure inside EarthGases and rock shoot upEntire 10 Cause floods and earthquakesThe peoples health答案：1.disasters 2.Hurricanes 3.eruptions 4.waves 5.rain 6.deadly 7.Trees 8.area 9.buildings 10.forests