初中英语语法填空汇编练习题及解析.doc

初中英语语法填空汇编练习题及解析一、英语语法填空汇编1语法填空     The Chinese first _ （make） paper about 2,000 years ago. China still has pieces _paper which were made as long ago as that. But Chinese paper was not made from the wood of trees. It was made from the hair-like parts of certain plants.    Paper was not made in _ （south） Europe until about the year 1100. Scandinavia（ 斯堪的纳维亚半岛）,which now makes a great deal of the _ （world） paper, did not begin to make it until 1500. It was a German _ （name） Schaeffer who found out that one could make the best paper from trees. After that, the forest countries of Sweden, Norway, Finland, and the United States _ （become） the largest paper producers. Today in Finland, which makes the _ （good） paper in the world, the paper industry is the biggest on the land. New papermaking machines are very big, and _ （them） make paper very fast. The biggest machines can make a piece of paper that is 300 metres long and 6 metres wide _ one minute.    When we think of paper, we think of newspapers, books, letters, envelopes and writing paper. _there are many other uses. Only half of the paper that is made is used for books and newspapers, etc.【答案】 made；of；southern；world's；named；became；best；they；in；But 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了全世界的造纸工艺。 （1）句意： 大约2000年前中国制造了第一张纸。根据 2,000 years ago可知2000年前是一般过去时的标志，make的过去式是made ， 故填made。 （2）句意：中国仍然有在那之前制作的纸。pieces of，固定搭配，张，故填of。 （3）句意： 直到大约1100年，纸才在南欧制造出来。Europe是名词其前是形容词，south是名词，southern是形容词，故填 southern。 （4）句意：斯堪的纳维亚半岛现在在世界报纸上占有很大份额，直到1500年才开始发行。paper是名词，此处是所有格，故填 world's。 （5）句意：是一个叫谢弗的德国人发现人们可以用树做最好的纸。name和German是被动关系，故用过去分词做后置定语，故填 named。 （6）句意：此后，森林国家瑞典、挪威、芬兰和美国成为最大的纸张生产国。描述过去用一般现在时，become的过去式是became，故填 became。 （7）句意：今天，在世界上造纸最好的是芬兰，造纸工业是世界上最大的。根据  the biggest on the land 可知此处是最高级，good的最高级是best，故填 best。 （8）句意：新的造纸机很大，而且造纸很快。此处缺少主语，故用主格，them是宾格，主格是they，故填 they。 （9）句意：最大的机器可以在一分钟内制造出一张长300米、宽6米的纸。此处缺少介词表示时间范围，in one minute，在一分钟之内，故填in。 （10）句意：但还有很多其他用途。此处缺少连词，此处表示前后的对比，故是转折关系连词but，故填But。 【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。2阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。     In recent years, with the development of technology, many popular apps have been produced. These days, an app has _（catch） great attention. It is Douyin, a video sharing app. Douyin _ （one）appeared in 2016. Now it is many people's favorite app,    _（especial） the young.    With Douyin, users can record videos, edit（编辑）them and share them online. It is very easy and interesting. We can record our videos with our friends with just a tap on the mobile phone _ skrin. What's more, it's a great way to spend our free time _browsing （浏览）through those film videos.    _, every coin has two sides. The app also has bad things. Some people spend long hours on the app, which is _ to their health. What's _ （bad）, users can also find some bad things on the app. Such thing is unsuitable and meaningless.    In my opinion, Douyin should monitor videos before they are uploaded（上传）, in_ d（r） to keep a healthy environment for its users. Douyin is not good for _tinedz. We should not use it too often.【答案】 caught；first；especially；screen；in；However；harmful；worse；order；teenagers. 【解析】【分析】大意：近年来，随着技术的发展，已经产生了许多流行的应用程序，抖音就是其中之一。本文主要介绍了抖音的好处和坏处。 （1）句意：最近，一个应用程序引起了极大的关注。根据时间状语These days可知，动作过去发生持续到现在，本句的时态应为现在完成时：has/have+动词的过去分词。catch的过去分词为caught。故答案为：caught。 （2）句意：抖音于2016年首次亮相。根据appeared in 2016可知，抖音应该是于2016年首次亮相，因此用序数词。one的序数词是first。故答案为：first。 （3）句意：现在它是很多人最喜欢的应用程序，尤其是年轻人。根据Now it is many people's favorite app, 现在它是很多人最喜欢的应用程序。可知，应用副词especially“特别是”来陈述某一事实之后，列举一个具有代表性的例子，作进一步强调。故答案为：especially。 （4）句意：只需在手机屏幕上轻轻一点，我们就可以与朋友录制视频。根据音标 skrin 提示可知，本空为名词screen。介词短语on the mobile phone screen，表“在手机屏幕上”。故答案为：screen。 （5）句意：更重要的是，这是一个花我们的空闲时间浏览那些电影视频很好的方式。根据固定搭配spend timemoney （in） doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事，可知本空应填介词in。故答案为：in。 （6）句意：然而，事情都有两面性。根据下文The app also has bad things. 这个应用程序也有坏处，可知这一段提到了该应用程序的缺点，那么上文提到的是优点，因此用However来表示转折“然而”。故答案为：However。 （7）句意：有些人花很长时间在应用上，这对他们的健康有害。根据上文Some people spend long hours on the app, 有些人花很长时间在应用上，可知这对健康是有害的。根据固定搭配be harmful to“有害于”，可知本空应填形容词harmful。故答案为：harmful。 （8）句意：更糟糕的是，用户还可以在应用程序上发现一些不好的东西。根据下文Such thing is unsuitable and meaningless. 有些内容是不合适的和毫无意义的，可知本空应用what's worse 来表示后面的一个更严重/糟糕，因此用形容词bad的比较级worse。故答案为：worse。 （9）句意：在我看来，抖音应该在上传之前受到监控，以保持用户的健康环境。根据音标 d（r） 提示可知，本空为名词order。固定搭配in order to，表“为了”。故答案为：order。 （10）句意：抖音对青少年不好。根据所给的音标 tinedz 提示可知，为可数名词复数teenagers，表“青少年”。故答案为：teenagers。 【点评】考查语法填空，注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。3语法填空     From deserts and beaches to playgrounds, sand is a common sight. But you might not know that sand is also a useful resource. Sand is the second most-used resource in the world after water, the BBC reported. However, the UN said that sand is not limitless and that we might be running out of _.    Sand is made up of very small _ （piece） of rock, soil and minerals（矿物质）. It can take tens of thousands of years to form. But now we are using sand more_ （quick） than it is being formed. According to the BBC, we use about 15 billion tons of sand every year _ build houses, roads and other things. People also put sand in the_ si: to make new islands. For example, the Palm islands are made up of three_ ld man-made islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. In 2010, they _ （take） 94 million cubic meters of sand to build. If people keep_（use） this much sand, it will run out in many places. For example, Vietnam may run out of construction sand by 2020, Live Science noted.    _ sins people need so much sand, they are trying to mine（开采） more of it. But this is bad for the environment. Mining sand may _ beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea. Also, this may affect the habitats （栖息地） of many plants and animals.【答案】 it；pieces；quickly；to；sea；large；took；using；Since；cause 【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍了沙子这种常见的景观。 （1）句意：然而，联合国说，沙子并不是无限的，我们有可能会用完它们。run out of“用完，用尽”的意思。这里用it来指代上文的沙子（sand是不可数名词）。故答案为：it。 （2）句意：沙子由非常小的岩石、土壤和矿物质组成。根据rock, soil and minerals（矿物质）可知，这是几种成分，因此piece用复数pieces。故答案为：pieces。 （3）句意：但现在我们使用沙子的速度比它形成的速度要快。根据副词修饰动词可知，此处应用形容词quick的副词形式quickly修饰动词use“使用”。故答案为：quickly。 （4）句意：据英国广播公司报道，我们每年用大约150亿吨沙子建造房屋、道路和其他东西。根据固定搭配 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某物，可知此处用动词不定式to do做目的状语。故答案为：to。 （5）句意：人们还把沙子放进海里，制造新的岛屿。由语境和音标si:提示可知，填：sea。故答案为：sea。 （6）句意：例如，棕榈岛由阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜的三个大型人工岛屿组成的。由语境和音标ld提示可知，填：large，three large man-made islands三个大型的人工岛屿。故答案为：large。 （7）句意：2010年，他们用9400万立方米的沙子建造。根据时间状语In 2010可知，本题的时态为一般过去时。动词take的过去式为took。故答案为：took。 （8）句意：如果人们继续使用这么多沙子，它会在很多地方用完。根据固定搭配keep doing sth. 继续做某事，可知此处应用动名词做宾语，动词use的动名词为using。故答案为：using。 （9）句意：由于人们需要这么多沙子，他们正试图开采更多的沙子。由语境和音标 sins 提示可知，填：since，表自以来、因为、由于。句首单词首字母要大写。故答案为：Since。 （10）句意：开采沙可能会导致海滩消失，在靠近大海的地方会发生更多的洪水。根据beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea海滩消失，在靠近大海的地方会发生更多的洪水，可知这些是开采沙所导致的后果，因此填：cause。may是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故答案为：cause。 【点评】考查语法填空，注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。4阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过3个单词）。     Thomas Edison was a great American _ （invent）.When he was_child, he was always asking questions and trying out new ideas. No matter_ hard it was, he never gave up.    Young Tom was in school for only three _ （month）. His teacher didn't understand why he had so many strange questions. Most of _（they） were not about his lessons. The teacher didn't want to teach Tom any more. He asked Tom's mother to take the boy home. Tom's mother taught him _ （read） and write, and she found him a very good student. He learnt very fast and became very _（interest） in science.    One day, he saw a little boy _（play） on the railway tracks （铁轨） at a station. A train was coming near quickly, and the boy was too frightened （恐惧） to move. Edison rushed out and took him away _ （safe）. The boy's father was so thankful that he taught Edison to send messages _telegraph （电报）.【答案】 inventor；a；how；months；them；to read；interested；playing；safely；by 【解析】【分析】这篇短文简要介绍了著名发明家爱迪生的生平，他因为发明了电灯，从而改变了人们的生活。并且短文详细描述了爱迪生的人格特点。 （1）句意：托马斯·爱迪生是一位伟大的美国发明家。根据 a great American是形容词，故前后是名词单数，invent是动词，名词是inventor。故填inventor。 （2）句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他总是问问题。child是以辅音音素开头的单数名词，故用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填a。 （3）句意：无论多么困难，他都不会放弃。hard是副词，根据语序it was可知，no matter how表示"无论如何"的意思，引导让步状语从句。故填how。 （4）句意：小汤姆只上了三个月的学。基数词three后用复试形式months。故填months。 （5）句意：他问的问题大部分都与他的功课无关。of是介词，其后应该要用宾格形式，they的宾格是them。故填them。 （6）句意：汤姆的母亲教他读写。taught是teach的过去式，教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.，故填to read。 （7）句意：她妈妈发现他是个很好的学生。他学得很快，对科学很感兴趣。对什么感兴趣be interested in sth.是个固定短语搭配。故填interested。 （8）句意：一天，他看到一个小男孩在火车站的铁轨上玩耍。saw是see的过去式，看到某人在做某事应为see sb. doing sth.，故填playing。 （9）句意：一列火车很快就要开过来了，男孩吓得不敢动。爱迪生冲过去把他带到了安全的地方。took是take的过去式，take是动词应该用副词来修饰，safe是形容词，副词是safety。故填safely。 （10）句意：这个男孩的父亲非常感激爱迪生，教他用电报发送消息。by通过某种方法、手段。表示传达、传递的方式或媒介。故填by。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意名词复数，词性，介词，和see sb. doing sth的固定搭配等多种用法。5用所给单词的适当形式填空，未给词的限填一词。     I used to be strongly against telling lies. I can't stand （忍受） lies. _, a white lie changed my idea.    Several days ago, I invited some friends _（get） together at a bar to celebrate my birthday. They promised to meet _at 5 p.m. When that day came, I got to _bar early. To my disappointment （失 M）, only one friend arrived by 4:50 p.m. Did they forget my birthday? I had to keep_（wait） for them. Most of them said that they were _ the way while some said they were still at home. I realized that they wouldn't come on time. At 5 p.m., there _（be） just three people with me. I sat on my chair _ （happy）. How could they do this to me? They didn't care about me! I got so angry that I decided to leave. But just at that moment, a group of my _ （friend） came into the room with a big cake in their hands, singing "Happy birthday to you". I was so_（surprise）. Ever since then, I didn't hate telling white lies anymore.【答案】 However；to get；me；the；waiting；on；were；unhappily；friends；surprised 【解析】【分析】作者曾经强烈反对说谎，无法忍受谎言。但一次他的朋友们在聚会上给他惊喜的经历让他自此以后不再讨厌善意的谎言。 （1）句意：然而，一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法。前句说：我曾经强烈反对说谎。我无法忍受谎言。这里又说一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法，说明出现了转折，这里不是并列句，位于句首逗号前，用however，但是，故填However。 （2）句意：几天前，我邀请了一些朋友聚在酒吧庆祝我的生日。invite sb to do意为"邀请某人做"，故填to get。 （3）句意：他们答应在下午5点见我。他们是要来赴约见我，动词meet后加人称代词宾格做宾语，我，me是宾格，故填me。 （4）句意：那天到了，我早早到了酒吧。名词bar意为"酒吧"，这里是特指，表示就是那个要开派对的酒吧，用定冠词the，故填the。 （5）句意：我不得不一直等他们。keep doing，一直做，wait，动词，等待，动名词是waiting，故填waiting。 （6）句意：他们中的大多数人说他们在路上，而有些人说他们还在家里。on the way，在路上，表示他们还没到，还在路上，故填on。 （7）句意：下午5点，只有三个人和我在一起。这是there be句型，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时，最近的主语是people，对应的be动词是were，故填were。 （8）句意：我不开心地坐在椅子上。没来多少人我肯定不开心，根据How could they do this to me? 可知是不开心，副词修饰动词sat，unhappily，是副词，不开心地，故填unhappily。 （9）句意：但就在那一刻，我的一群朋友带着一块大蛋糕走进房间，唱着"祝你生日快乐"。 a group of 修饰可数名词复数，故填friends。 （10）句意：我是如此的惊讶。这里是在be动词后加形容词表示状态，形容词surprised意为"惊讶的"，故填surprised。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。6阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。     I was born and raised in Ireland and lived there until I was nineteen years old. I came to this country in 1913 where I held several jobs _ （earn） a few dollars before enlisting in World War I.    After being discharged, I bought my own cab and have owned one ever since. _ hasn't been too easy at times, _ my wife takes care of our money and we have a good bit put away _ a rainy day.     Most people think taxi drivers are tough. But I think people get the _ impression that they are bad. Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will _ （regard） as honest fellows. I've been in the taxicab business for thirty-five years. In all my years of driving a taxicab, I have never had any trouble with the public, not _ with drunks. Even if they get a little headstrong once in a while, I just agree with them and then they behave _ （they）.    I believe honesty is one of the greatest _ （gift） there is. I believe in God and try to be a good member of my parish. I try to act toward others like I think God wants me to act. I have been trying this for a long time, and the longer I try, the _ （easy） it gets. 【答案】 to earn；It；but yet；for；wrong/false；be regarded；even；themselves；gifts；easier 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作为出租车司机的作者，在几十年的职业生涯中，认识到诚实是最宝贵的品质。 （1）句意：我在1913年来到这个国家，在参加第一次世界大战之前，我做了几份工作，挣了几美元。不定式做目的状语，故填 to earn。 （2）句意：有时这并不太容易，但我的妻子打理我们的钱，我们有一个很好的储蓄，以备不时之需。it 指代上文的 I bought my own cab and have owned one 这件事，故填 It。 （3）句意：有时这并不太容易，但我的妻子打理我们的钱，我们有一个很好的储蓄，以备不时之需。根据 hasn't been too easy at times 和 have a good bit put away 可知此处表示转折，故填 but/yet 。 （4）句意：有时这并不太容易，但我的妻子打理我们的钱，我们有一个很好的储蓄，以备不时之需。此处表示目的，for，介词，为了，故填 for。 （5）句意：但是我认为人们错误的认为他们是坏的。  impression是名词，其前是形容词做定语，根据 Taxi drivers  are just like other people. Most of them will 6 （regard） as honest fellows 可知是错误的印象，wrong/false是形容词，错误的，故填 wrong/false。 （6）句意：他们中的大多数人将被视为诚实的人。regard与主语most of them是被动关系，根据助动词will，可知是一般将来时的被动语态，故填 be regarded。 （7）句意：在我开出租车的这些年里，我从来没有遇到过公众的麻烦，即使是酒鬼。根据 I have never had any trouble 可知此处是副词修饰介词短语，even，即使，是副词，加强语气，故填 even。 （8）句意：即使他们偶尔有点倔强，我也只是同意他们的意见，然后他们就会规规矩矩地行事。behave oneself，固定搭配， 规规矩矩 ，主语是they，故反身代词是themselves，故填 themselves。 （9）句意：我相信诚实是最好的礼物之一。 one of 后是名词复数，gift是名词，故填 gifts。 （10）句意：我已经尝试这个很长时间了，而且我尝试的时间越长，它就变得越容易。the+比较级，the+比较级，固定搭配，越越，故此处是比较级，easy的比较级是easier，故填 easier。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。7阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 How are American families different from Chinese ones?    In some ways American families are very different from Chinese ones, and in other ways they are _ same. For example, American families enjoy family dinners. They support and love each other just _ Chinese families do. The _（different） come from culture, however. Many Chinese students are surprised to learn that American teenagers are _（allow） to make many decisions _ their own, and the parents want their children to leave home at eighteen.     In most American families, children are encouraged to make their own _（choose） at a young age. They start with small choices and gradually larger ones until they graduate from high school. That is when they face _（big） decision of their lives: what to do next. Parents and family will help with the choice, but the children themselves make the _（finally） decision.     Americans seldom move back into family homes _ they get older. _, they prefer to have their own lives for as long as possible. It is important to remember that these are cultural differences, and that Americans see this as part of the culture. 【答案】 the；as；differences；allowed；on；choices；the biggest；final；when；Instead 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国家庭和中国家庭的不同。