全国职称外语等级考试英语理工类A级模拟试卷(第一套).doc

全国职称外语等级考试英语理工类A级模拟试卷(第一套)第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1 Both of the old mans daughters were killed，and now he is going insane A sad B mourningC crazy D revenge2 The teacher got annoyed with him because his was always late A enjoyed B connectedC satisfied D upset3 The supermarket was closed，and they returned home with empty hands consequentlyA concisely B eloquentlyC as a result D frequently4 The park is famous for the autumn foliageA weather B harvestC festivals D 1eaves5 The scientific work in the past ten years turns out fruitful A blind B completeC productive D careful6 Of all the wild dogs，none is more closely related to the domesticated dog than the wolfA ordinary B tameC faithful D hunting7 The man standing in the street comer looks weirdA worried B strangeC wicked D experienced8 Wise men love truth，whereas fools shun itA where B whileC because D and9 There is usually a strengthened military defense system on the border of two countriesA boundary B relationshipC edge D coastline10 Apart from a few little faults，he is a good man A Because of B Far fromC Closeto D Exceptfor11 For a momenthis life was in jeopardyA danger B jealousyC justice D leopard12 It is apparent that he hasnt done his work properly A clear B appealC actual D appositive13 Fling the ball as far as possible A Fly B CarryC Throw D Blow14 The treatment cost the patient 500 dollars approximatelyA appropriately B apparentlyC exactly D or so15 The tramp carried all his belongings in a pack on his back A truck driver B vagabondC murderer D oldman第2部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Is the Sea Getting Saltier？Have you ever noticed that，in the summer，when your sweat dries it will leave marks on your T-shirt？The marks are tiny bits of saltIf you go to the seaside，you will know that seawater does the same to your clothesbecause it also has a lot of salt in itWater evaporates from the surface of the sea but the salt remainsHave you ever thought about whether the seas will keep getting saltier？The answer is noThe oceans have stayed at about 3.5 per cent salt content for hundreds of millions of yearsIt maintains a constant level of salt in different waysPick up a clamshell and weigh it in your handIt is heavyAll creatures need sodium to live and most need calcium to build bones and shellsThe clam，1ike all sea creatures，gets its sodium and calcium from seawaterWhen creatures die，their salt is locked up in bones and shells，which drop to the bottom of the seaReactions between seawater and rocks are not just one waySea salt not only dissolves from rocks，it also reacts with the rocks of the ocean crust，and volcanic lavaThe reactions take some of the salts in seawater away from the sea The outer hard crust of Earth is made up of a dozen hard plates that drift on extremely hot，soft rock，like floating islands on a seaThe heat within Earth is not the same everywhere and the plates move due to the heatWhen an ocean plate bumps(碰击)into a land plate，the less dense land plate float over the ocean oneThe ocean floor gets pushed under，and its salty rocks，along with shells and bones，are lost deep within Earth So，thats why the seas are salty but dont get any saltier16 When the sweat on your T-shirt dries，it will leave some marks of salt A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 The water in the sea will get saltier and saltier because water evaporates and the salt remainsA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 All creatures must depend on sodium and build bones and shells A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 When creatures die，they will drop to the bottom of the sea together with the salt locked up in bones and shellsA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 The reaction of the salt with the rocks of the ocean crust and volcanic lava can take the salt dissolved from rocks away A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 The outer crust of Earth consists of 12 plates and they are not stable A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 When the ocean plate and a land plate collide with each other，nobody can tell exactly which one will float over the other A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题，每题1分，共8分) 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2、3、4、5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Madame Curie1 On the eve of the International Womens day on March 8th，1994，French President Mitterrand made the announcement that Madame Curie was soon to be admitted into the Pantheon-the memorial hall of the French national heroesThe decision，though coming 60 years late，is a great inspiration and gratification to the people2 Madam Curie，born in Warsaw，Poland in 1867，is a French professor of physics，and was taught the value of learning and raised to a patriot by her parentsDue to her gender，she was not allowed admission into any Polish universities after graduating from high schoolEventually，with the monetary assistance of her elder sister，she moved to Paris and studied chemistry and physics at the Sorbonne，where she became the first woman to teachAlthough Marie was not as well prepared as her fellow students through hard work she completed masters degrees in physics and math in only three yearsIt was at the Sorbonne that she met Pierre Curic who became her husband later3 Just think of the hardship she and her husband went through in those hundreds of days in a damp shed when they tried to extract pure uraniumMadame Curie had to bear both the endless obsessions of strict working style and serious attitude and the excessive heavy work which even a strong man would find hardly possible to endureSuch was her mental and physical burden that MrCurie had sighed and said“The life weve chosen is really too hard”When the Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to Pierre and Marie Curie in 1903，the great honor quickly changed their livesSorbonne University found funds for a laboratory and Marie Curie was hired as“laboratory chief”4 Unfortunately，in 1906 Mr. Curie was killed in a traffic accident“It is impossible for me to express the profoundness of the crisis brought into my life by the loss of the one who had been my closest companion，”Madam Curie said sadlyCrushed by the blow，she did not feel able to face the futureShe could not forget，however：what her husband used sometimes to say，“Even deprived ofme，you ought to continue our work”She was left alone to bring up children and，at the same time，persisted in her giant research project on radium5 She refused all the honors and titles that she deserved and buried herself in science researchShe received a second Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1911So she became the first scientist in the world to win two Nobel Prizes6 Since mans civilization began，there have been very few women like Madame Curie who so perfectly combined the role of a scientist，a wife and mother. She joined with all readiness organization protecting the patents and copyrights of her fellow scientists. She says that scientists need protection while in laboratories the way a child needs it，so that they may be free from the worries of material lifeThis，if we may say so，is Madame Curies transfer of maternal love to young scientistsA Loss of the beloved companionB Maternal love to the fellow scientistsC Days of hard studiesD Honors given by academic organizationsE Experiments at laboratoriesF Deep commitment to scientific studies23 Paragraph 2 24 Paragraph 3 25 Paragraph 4 26 Paragraph 5 27 Curies parents brought her up and taught her to 28 Curie worked so hard at school to 29 Curie chose a hard life at the laboratory with her husband and she had to 30 Curie suggested that scientists should be protected to A endure the extra heavy workB become a person who showed great loyalty to her own countryC enjoy the pure life freely without too much materialD refuse the honors and titlesE complete studies as a postgraduateF express the significance of the crisis第4部分：阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇Evidence of Aneient Hunters Russian and Norwegian scientists have reported finding stone objects and animal bones in the far north of European RussiaThe scientists say the objects provide the first evidence that ancient hunters lived in the area more than 30 thousand years agoThey say this is at least 15 thousand years earlier than experts had thought The Russian and Norwegian team worked at a camp along the Usa River and the Arctic CircleThe scientists say they found several ancient stone toolsThey also found 123 bones from animals such as horses，reindeer(驯鹿)and wolves The scientists say their most important discovery was a tusk from an ancient elephant called a mammoth(猛犸)The huge，curved tooth was more than 1 meter longThe tusk is covered with small cutsThe scientists believe humans made the marks with sharp-edged stone tools The scientists used a process known as radiocarbon(放射性碳)dating to measure the age of the tuskRadiocarbon dating shows the level of a radioactive form of carbon in a substanceThe tests showed the tusk is about 36 thousand years old The scientists say they are not sure what kind of humans left the stone objects and bones along the riverThey said the people were either early humans called Neanderthals(穴居人，尼安德特人)or modern humansModern humans spread through Europe and Asia 30 thousand years agoThe scientists say the ancient people needed a high level of social development to survive in the extremely cold environment The objects were discovered about 300 kilometers northeast of another area where scientists say humans once livedThat area has objects more closely linked to modern humansThose objects are believed to be about 28 thousand years old Nature magazine also published a report by John Gowlett of the University of Liverpool in EnglandHe said the discovery shows the ability of early humans to do the unexpectedHe also said the discovery should renew debate about the effects of the climate on the movements of early human population31 Before people found stone objects and animal bones in the north of European Russia，some experts thought human beings lived in that area about A 30 thousand years ago B 20 thousand years ago C 28 thousand years ago D 15 thousand years ago32 The following statements are true concerning the significance of the finding EXCEPT that A it brings forwards the time in which ancient hunters lived in that area B it provides the evidence of a high level of ancient human society C it showed the unexpected ability of the early humans D it indicates the effect of climate on the movement of early human population33 Which is the most important discovery among the findings？ A A long elephant tusk B Ancient stone tools C 123 bones from animals D Mammoth tusk covered with small cuts34 How old is the tusk？ A About 25 thousand years old B About 28 thousand years old C About 36 thousand years old D About 40 thousand years old35 What did the ancient people need to survive in the extremely cold environment？ A The ability to do the unexpected B A high level of social development C Thick clothes D Small animals to feed on第二篇Effects of Space Radiation Space is a dangerous place，not only because of meteors but also because of rays from the sun and other starsThe atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earthLight gets through，and this is essential for plants to make the food，which we eatHeat，too，makes our environment endurableVarious kinds of rays come through the air from outer space，but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened offAs soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft，if they are inside，do prevent a lot of radiation damageRadiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in spaceThe unit of radiation is called “rem”Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged；the figure of 60 rems has been agreed onThe trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damagea person may feel perfectly well，but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged，and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed children or even grandchildrenMissions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and，during the outward and return journeys，the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of remsSo far，no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported，but the Apollo missions have been quite shortWe simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere，working in a space laboratoryDrugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation，but no really effective ones have been found so far36 Why is the atmosphere essential to human beings？ A Because it protects us against the harmful rays from space B Because it provides sufficient light for plant growth C Because it supplies the heat necessary for human survival D Because it screens off the falling meteors37 Which of the following statements is true？ A Exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal B The effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming C Radiation is avoidable in space Exploration D Astronauts in spacesuits neednt worry about radiation damage38 The harm that radiation has done to the Apollo crew members A is insignificant B seems overestimated C is enormous D remains unknown39 It can be inferred from the passage that A the Apollo mission is very successful B protection from space radiation is no easy job C astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren D radiation is not a threat to wellprotected space explorers40 What does the word“deformed”(Para.2)mean？ A Unhealthy B Smart C Naughty D Painful第三篇A New Fluoride Optical FiberAmerican Scientists have develo