全国职称英语等级考试理工C级考前密押卷【密】.doc

2012年全国职称英语等级考试理工C级考前密押卷【密】第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1The nursery is bright and cheerful.Apleasant BcleanCpeacefulDlarge2This kind of material was seldom used in building houses during the Middle Ages.AneverBrarelyCoftenDonly3People from many places were drawn to the city by its growing economy.Afetched BcarriedCattractedDpushed4The soldier displayed remarkable courage in the battle.AplacedBshowedCpointedDdecided5How do you account for your absence from the class last Thursday?AexplainBexamineCchooseDexpand6About one quarter of the workers in the country are employed in factories.AthirdBfourthCtenthDfifteenth7She was grateful to him for being so good to her.AcarefulBhatefulCbeautifulDthankful8There are only five minutes left, but the outcome of the match is still in doubt.Aresult BjudgmentCestimationDevent9He is certain that the dictionary is just what I want.AsureBangryCdoubtfulDworried10The last few weeks have been enjoyable.AcloseBnearCpastDseveral11It is ridiculous to dispute about such things.AfoolishBshockingCfrighteningDamusing12It was obvious that she was not going home.AevidentBnecessaryCpossibleDprobable13He replied that this was absolutely impossible.AstatedBansweredCsaidDclaimed14He confesses that he has done it.AagreesBallegesCadmitsDanswers15He lacked the strength to deal with all these problems.Athink ofBtalk about Ccopy downDcope with第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。Plants and MankindBotany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. We dont know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge” at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.16It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned17People cannot survive without plants.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned18Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned19Our direct contact with plants with the process of industrialization.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned20Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned21People living in the Middle East first earned to grow plants for food about 10,000 year ago.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned22Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.2First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher, they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mistakes.3Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.4Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.5What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.23Paragraph 1.( )24Paragraph 2.( )25Paragraph 3.( )26Paragraph 4.( )AWays to Learn a Language SuccessfullyBLearning a Language PurposefullyCLearning a Language ActivelyDLearning a Language IndependentlyELearning from MistakesFLearning to Think in the Target Language27Successful language learners derive conclusions .( )28Independent language learners rely on themselves .( )29Active language learners seize every opportunity .( )30The author wrote this text .( )Ato discover sentence patterns and grammatical rulesBto expand vocabularyCto use the target languageDto encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefullyEfrom cluesFto say strange things第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面第3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇Chewing GumThe practice of chewing gum (口香糖) has been with us for more than a century. Millions of people all over the world chew billions of pieces of gum every year.Chewing gum became popular in the United States mainly because of the work of one man, William Wrigley, who for many years was head of the Wrigley Company. Earlier, Thomas Adams first began to experiment with chewing gum in about the year 1870. It was he who first made gum softer and pleasant to chew. But it was not until Wrigley entered the business in about 1890 that people everywhere began to learn about chewing gum and to use it widely.Wrigley liked to do things in a big way. In his first year, he borrowed money and spent more than a million dollars on advertising (做广告). For years, there was a large Wrigleys advertisement in every streetcar(有轨电车) in the United States. People complained that they could not go anywhere without seeing Wrigleys name. Wrigley even sent, free of charge, pieces of gum to every person in the telephone book of every city and town in the United States. Finally, he began to advertise that it was good for the health to chew gum and that it helped to keep the teeth clean.He used to send free gum to every child in the United States on his second birthday. He employed young women who, in beautiful dresses, would go from city to city in groups of four or five, stand on street corners, and give free chewing gum to every person who passed by. In this way, each woman gave away about five thousand pieces of Wrigleys gum every day. As a result of this continuous advertising, people in the United States naturally began to buy more and more chewing gum.31Who first started to experiment with chewing gum?AWilliam Wrigley.BThomas Adams.CChildren.DWomen.32William Wrigley spent more than amillion dollars in advertising his chewing gum becauseAhe was a millioaire.Bhe liked to do things in a big way.Che hoped to improve his health.Dhe wanted to head the company.33Which of the following is NOT true of Wrigleys advertising?AHe used his name to advertise chewing gum in every streetcar in the US.BHe sent free gum to every person in the telephone book of every city in the US.CHe sent free gum to every pretty womanDHe sent free gum to every child in the US on his second birthday.34In the last paragraph, the phrase “give away” is closest in meaning toA“eat up”B“get ready”C“destroy”D“give something to someone free of charge”35According to the passage, people in the US began to chew more and more gum mainly because ofAWrigleys continuous advertising.Bits strange taste.Ctheir bad teeth.Dits pleasant flavour.第二篇The English Weather“Other countries have a climate; in England we have weather”. This statement, often made by Englishmen to describe the strange weather conditions of their country, is both revealing and true. It is revealing because in it we see the Englishman insisting once again that what happens in England is not the same as what happens elsewhere; its truth can be proved by any foreigner who stays in the country for longer than a few days.In no country other than England, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day! Day may break as a warm spring morning; an hour or so later black clouds may have appeared from nowhere and the rain may be pouring down. At midday it may be really winter with the temperature down by about eight degrees or more centigrade (摄氏度). And then, in the late afternoon the sky will clear, the sun will begin to shine, and for an hour or two before darkness falls, it will be summer.In England one can experience almost every kind of weather except the most extreme. (Some foreigners seem to be under the impression that for ten months of the year the country is covered by a dense blanket of fog; this is not true.) The problem is that we never can be sure when the different types of weather will occur. Not only do we get several different sorts of weather in one day, but we may very well get a spell (持续的异端时间) of winter in summer and a spell of summer in winter.The uncertainty about the weather has had a definite effect upon the English mans character; it tends to make him cautious (小心谨慎的), for example. The foreigner may laugh when he sees the Englishman setting forth on a brilliantly sunny morning wearing a raincoat and carrying an umbrella, but he may well regret his laughter later in the day!And, of course, the weathers variety provides a constant topic of conversation. Even the most taciturn(沉默寡言的) of Englishmen is always prepared to discuss the weather. And, though he sometimes complains bitterly of it, he would not, even if he could, exchange it for the more predictable climate of other lands.36“Other countries have a climate; in England we have weather”. This statement suggests thatAother countries do not have fine weather.Byou cannot experience four seasons in a year in England.Cthe weather in England often changes and is therefore unique.Dthe weather in England never changes.37A special feature of the weather in England is thatAyou can experience four seasons every day throughout the year.Bit does not have four seasons as other countries do.Cwinter there is the coldest in the world.Dyou may experience different types of weather in a single day.38What makes the Englishman cautious, according to the passage?AThe foreigners laughter.BThe cold weather in winter.CThe uncertainty about the weather.DThe predictable climate.39Which of the following statements is NOT true of the weather in England?AEngland is covered by heavy fog for ten months the year.BIt tends to make the Englishman cautious.COne cannot be sure when the different types of weather will occur.DYou may have a spell of winter in summer.40The word “lands” in the last sentence could best be replaced byA“soil”B“earth”C“countries”.D“parts”第三篇A Thirsty WorldThe world is not only hungry, it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% - the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs (冰山) and glaciers (冰川). Even worse, some of it has been polluted.At the moment, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us. However, our need for water is increasing rapidly. Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on. A limited water supply would have a bad effect on agriculture and industry.In addition to stopping wasting our precious water, one useful step we should take is to develop ways of reusing it. Experiments have already been done in this field