2005职称英语等级考试理工类 B级试题 答案及题解.doc

2005年职称英语等级考试理工类 B级试题 答案及题解第1部分：词汇选项 (第115题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1 It is obvious that he will win the gameA likely B possible C clear D strange2 There is no risk to public healthA point B danger C chance D hope3 Did anyone call me when was out?A invite C answer B name D phone4 It took us along time to mend the houseA build B destroy C design D repair5 I dont quite follow what she is sayingA believe B understand C explain D accept6 We can no longer put up with his actionsA bear B accept C support D oppose7 Loud noises can be irritatingA confusing B interesting C stimulating D annoying8 That player is eternally arguing with the refereeA desperately C eventually B constantly D extensively9 The governor gave a rather vague outline of his tax plan.A unclear B firm C short D neat10 Gambling is lawful in Nevada·A popular B booming C legal D profitable11 These are their motives for doing it-A reasons B excuses C answers D plans12 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west.A twists B stretches C broadens D bends13 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs-A abuse B flavor C temptation D consumption14 These programmes are of immense value to old people·A natural B fatal C tiny D enormous15 A great deal has been done to remedy the situationA maintain B improve C assess D protect第2部分:阅读判断 (第16-22题,每题1分,共7分) 阅读下面这篇短文.短文后列出了7个句子.请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断.如果该句提供的是正确信息.请在答题卡上把A涂黑:如果该句提供的是错误信息.请在答题卡上把B涂黑:如果该句的信息文章中没有提及.请在答题卡上把C涂黑.The Smog(烟雾)For over a month. Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the countrySuffered its worst drought for 50 years . Smoke form the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging overneighbouring countries including MalaysiaSingapore and ThailandWhen the smoke combined with pollution from factories and carsit soon became poisonous(有毒的)Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rosePeople wheezed f喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot(烟灰)covered everythingIn some areas，water was hosed(用胶管浇)from highrise citybuildings to tIY and break up the smogFinally，heavy rains，which came in November，put out the fires and cleared the airBut theenvironmental costs and health problems will remainMany people from South-Eastern Asiancities aireadv suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车排放的废气)andfactory pollutionBreathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may havedifficulties for血e first timeWildlife has suffered tooIn lowland forests，elephants，deer, andtigers have been driven out of their homes by smogBut smog is not just an Asian problemIn fact，the word was first used in London in 1905 todescribe the mixture of smoke and thick fogFog often hung over the capitalSometimes thesmog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidentsAbout 4，000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.16 Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 The smog spread to neighbouring countries A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 The airpollution index went up t0 300 within a few days A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 Water was used to try to break up the smog A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 The forest animals havent been affected by the smog A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 The word“smog”first appeared in 1952 A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第21-30题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第l4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Cloning(克隆)：Future Perfect?1 A clone is an exact copy of a plant or animal produced from any one cell Since Scottishscientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997 research intocloning has grown rapidlyIn May 1998，scientists in Massachusetts managed to create tWOidentical calves(牛犊)using cloning technology A mouse has also been cloned successfully Butthe debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richard Seed made asurprising announcement：“We will have managed to clone a human being within the next twoyears，”he told the world2 Seeds announcement provoked a lot of media attention，most of it negativeIn Europe，nineteen nations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning and in the US thePresident announced：“We will be introducing a law to ban au human cloning and many states inthe US will have passed anticloning laws by the end of the year”3 Many researchers are not so negative about cloning They are worried that laws banninghuman cloning will threaten important research In March，The New England Journal of Medicinecalled any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken Many researchers alsobelieve that in spite of attempts to ban it，human cloning will have become routine by 2010because it is impossible to stop the progress of science4 Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world? The public has beenbombarded(轰炸)with newspaper articles，television shows and films，as well as cartoonsSuchinformation is often misleading，and makes people wonder what on earth the scientists will bedoing next5 Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloninghumansIt could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our childto look like But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds，the anti-cloners ask Pretty cool，answer the pro-cloners (赞成克隆的人)23 Paragraph l 24 Paragraph 2 25 Paragraph 3 26 Paragraph 4 A Strong ReactionsB Anxiety about the Future of Cloning C The Right to Choose D What is Cloning?E Arguments in Favor of CloningF A Common Sight27 Richard Seed claimed to be able to clone 28 Richard Seeds announcement received 29 The United States will introduce 30 Within ten years scientists will probably have A the nucleus of a cellB cloned human beingsC a human being in two yearsD a law to ban human cloningE a report on human cloningF heavy media coverage第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇Almost Human?Scientists are racing to build the worlds first thinking robotThis is not science fiction：somesay they will have made it by the year 2020 Carol Packer reports Machines that walk，speak and feel are no longer science fictionKismet is the name of anandroid(机器人)which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)Kismet is different from the traditional robot because it Can show human emotionsIts eyes，earsand lips move to show when it feels happy. sad or boredKismet is one of the first of a newgeneration of androidsrobots that look like human beingswhich Can imitate humanfeelingsCog，another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a motherHowever,scientists admit that So far Cog has the mental ability of a twoyearold The optimists(乐观主义者)say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids(机器人)with brains similar to those of all adult human beingThese robots will be designed to looklike people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the publicWhat kind of jobs willthey do? In the future，robots like Robonaut，a humanoid invented by NASA，will be doingdangerous jobs，like repairing space stationsThey will also be doing more and mom of thehousehold work for us In Japan，scientists are designing androids that will entertain us bydancing and playing the piano Some people worry about what the future holds：will robots become monsters(怪物)?Willpeople themselves become increasingly like robots? Experts predict that more and more peoplewill be wearing microcomputers，connected to the Internet，in the futurePeople will havemicrochips in various parts of their body，which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets(小装置)Perhaps we should not exaggerate(夸大)the importance of technology，but onewonders whether，in years to come，we will still be falling in love，and whether we will still feelpainWho knows?31 Kismet is different from traditional robots becauseA it thinks for itselfB It is not like science fictionC it can look after twoyear-oldD it seems to have human feelings32 What makes Cog special?A It looks like a motherB It behaves like a childC It can imitate the behavior of a motherD It has a huge brainIn about 15 years time from now，robotsA will become space designersB will look like monstersC will behave like animalsD will think like humans34 In the future robots will also A explore space B entertain people C move much faster D do a11 of the housework35 What is the writers attitude to robots in the future?A CriticalB HostileC ObjectiveD Enthusiastic第二篇Credit Card Only Works When Spoken toA credit card that will not work unless it hears its owners voice could become an importantweapon in the fight against fraud(欺骗) The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-inVoice-recognition chipThe idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters usingsomeone elses credit card details to buy goods online A model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica，California，represents the firstattempt to pack a microphone。a loudspeaker，a battery and a voicerecognition chip into astandardsized credit card They are not quite there yet：the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card，but itis still about three times as thickThe company now plans to make it thinner The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud inonline transactions This earlier card has no microphone，but has a builtin loudspeaker that ituses to“squawk”(发出叫声)a voice ID signal via a computers microphone to an online server By verifying(证实)that the signal matches the card details，the server can establish that theuser is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to handThe ID codechanges each time the card is used in a preordered sequence that only the server knows This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps，noting the card details and then playing backthe audible ID when they key in the details later But this earlier technology cannot preventfraudulent use of stolen cards The new one canThe new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawkbut it will not do this until it hasverified the legitimate(合法的)users spoken password Thieves will be unable to use the cardbecause even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the owners voicewith a high degree of accuracy The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry thatCan be powered by a mini battery embedded(嵌入的)in a credit cardTo maximize battery life，the electronics are only switched on when the card is being usedPressing a button on the cardssurface prompts it to utter “Say your password ”in female voice If the voicerecognition softwareproves that the password is authentic(真实的)，it sends its ID squawk which the server thenidentifiesallowing the transaction to proceed36 The voice credit card is an important invention because A it can be made cost-effectively B it can leave voice messages， C it makes online shopping easy D it makes fraud difficult37 What is the problem which the model card? A It is too large B It is toot hick C It cant be used in online transactions D It doesnt have a loudspeaker38 Which of the following statements about the earlier card is true? A Its owner can change the ID code freely B Its user does not need to key in the ID number C It can record its users spoken password D It still can be used by someone else after being stolen39 What is the advantage of the new voice card? A It recognizes only its owners spoken password B It doesnt need to work with an online server C It requires less ID information D It has a playback function40 What can we learn from the last paragraph about the voice card? A Only female voice passwords could be recognized B Further improvement should be made to extend battery life C There is no limit to its application D Female customers like to use it第三篇More Than a Ride to SchoolThe National Education Association claims，“The school bus is a mirror of the community”They further add that，unfortunately，what appears on the exterior does not always reflect thereality of a chosen communityThey are rightsometimes it reflects more! Just ask LieslDensonRiding the sch001 bus has been more than a ride to school for LieslBruce Hardy, sch001 bus driver for A1thouse Bus Company has been Liesls bus driver sincekindergarten，Last year when Liesls family moved to Parkesburg，knowing her bus went by hernew residence，she requested to ride the same bus This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the busShe says，“Its been agreat ride so far! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listenerSometimes when youre a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important MLHardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important Her friends AshleyBatista and Amanda Wolfe agree Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975 This year he willcelebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus CompanyLarry Althouse，president of the companyacknowledges Bruce Hardys outstanding record：“You do not come by employees like Brucethese daysHe has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving recordHe wasrecognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350，000 accidentfree milesHardys reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made withthe students that ride his bus Althouse further adds，”Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has beenproviding quality transportation ever since My grandfather started the business with one busAlthouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe serviceto our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service formany more yea