历全国自考英语词汇学试题及参考答案.doc

2000年4月全国自学考试-英语词汇学试卷及答案 第一部分 选择题 .Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%） 1.In Old English there was _ agreement between sound form.（ ） A. more B. little C. less D. gradual 2.Both LDCE and CCELD are _.（ ） A. general dictionaries B. monolingual dictionaries C. both A and B D. neither A and B 3.The word "MINISKIRT" is _.（ ） A. morphologically motivated B. etymologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. none of the above 4.The most important way of vocabulary development in present-day English is _.（ ） A. borrowing B. semantic change C. creation of new words D. all the above 5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become _.（ ） A. generalized B. expanded C. elevated D. degraded 6.Some morphemes have _ as they are realized by more than one morph according to their position in word.（ ） A. alternative morphs B. single morphs C. abstract units D. discrete units 7.Old English vocabulary was essentially _ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.（ ） A. Italic B. Germanic C. Celtic D. Hellenic 8.Compounds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _.（ ） A. semantics B. grammar C. phonetics D. lexicology 9.If two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called _.（ ） A. repetition B. alliteration C. rhyme D. none of the above 10.Which of the following words is a functional word?（ ） A. Often B. Never C. Although D. Desk 11.Rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _.（ ） A. semantic unity B. structural stability C. idiomatic variation D. figure of speech 12.The advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _.（ ） A. use idioms correctly and appropriately B. understand idioms correctly C. remember idioms quickly D. try a new method of classification 13.Borrowing as a source of homonymy in English can be illustrated by _.（ ） A. long（not short） B. ball（a dancing party） C. rock（rock'n'roll） D. ad（advertisement） 14.The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT _.（ ） A. the influx of borrowing B. repetition C. analogy D. shortening 15.Which of the following is NOT a component of linguistic context?（ ） A. Words and phrases. B. Sentences C. Text or passage D. Time and place 第二部分 非选择题 .Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%） 16.Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and _. 17.The language used in England between 450 and 1150is called _. 18.CCELD is a _ dictionary. 19.In the phrase "the mouth of the river",the word "mouth" is _ motivated. 20.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is _ context. .Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)types of meaning changes; 2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context.（10%） A B 21.Scandinavian（ ） A.mill（place where things are made） 22.Germanic（ ） B.grammatical 23.extension（ ） C.double meaning 24.narrowing（ ） D.Swedish 25.linguistic（ ） E.comprehend/understand 26.ambiguity（ ） F.Dutch 27.participants（ ） G.degermined 28.difference in denotation（ ） H.pigheaded 29.appreciative（ ） I.non-linguistic 30.pejorative（ ） J.iron（a device for smoothing clothes） .Study the following words or expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2）types of word formation or prefixes.（10%） 31.predict（ ） 32.motel（ ） 33.potatoes（ ） 34.blueprint（ ） 35.preliminaries（ ） 36.Southward（ ） 37.demilitarize（ ） 38.hypersensityve（ ） 39.retell（ ） 40.multi-purposes（ ） .Define the following terms.（10%） 41.acronymy 42.native words 43.elevation 44.stylistic meaning 45.monolingral dictionary .Answer the following questions. Your answers should the clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（12%） 46.How many types of motivation are there in English? Give ONE example for each type. 47.What are the major sources of English synonyms? Illustrate your points. 48.What are the clues generally provided in verbal context? .Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18%） 49.analyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.Recollection, nationalist, unearthly 50.Pick out the idioms in the following extract and explain its origin and the effect of using this form."Well, it's the old story of the stitch in time," he said. 答案 2000年4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语词汇学试题参考答案 .(30%) 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D .(10%) 16.transfer 17.OLD English 18.monolingual 19.semantically 20.extralinguistic/non-linguistic .(10%) 21.D 22.F 23.A 24.J 25.B 26.C 27.I 28.E 29.G 30.H .(10%) 31.bound root 32.（head+tail）blinding 33.inflectional affix/morpheme 34.a+n 35.full conversion 36.suffix 37.reversativ 38.prefix of degree 39.prefix 40.number prefix .(10%) 41.The process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms. 42.Native words, also known as Anglo-Saxon words, are words brought to Britian in the 5th century by the Germanic tribes. 43.The process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance. 44.The distinctive stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context. 45.A dictionary written in one language, or a dictionary in which entries are defined in the same language. .(12%) 46.There are four types of motivation: 1）Onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc. 2）Morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc. 3）Semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc. 4）Etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc. 47.Key points:borrowing; dialects and regional English; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidence with idiomatic expressions. 48.Key points:definition; explanation; example; synonymy; antonymy; hyponymy; relevant details and word structure. .(18%) 49. 1）Each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection（re+collect+ion）,nationalist（nation+al+ist）,unearthly（un+earth+ly）. 2）Of the nine morphemes, only "collect","nation" and "earth" are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves. 3）All the rest re-,-ion,-al,-ist,un- and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words. 50. 1）the stitch in time - a stitch in time saves nine（3分） 2）proverbs are concise, forcible and thought-provoking（1分） 3）using an old saying is more persuasive（2分） 4）the short form saves time, more colloquial（2分） 5）indicates intimacy or close relationship（1分）2001年4月份全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题及答案英语（本科）专业第一部分 选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statementand put the letter in the bracket（30）1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example A. lewd ignorantB. silly foolishC. last pleasureD. knave boy2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: A. humourB. sarcasmC. ridiculeD. all the above3. The four major modes of semantic change are _. A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationB. extension, generalization, elevation and degradationC. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradationD. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _. A. synecdocheB. metonymyC. substitutionD. metaphor5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _. A. adjectivesB. attributesC. modifiersD. words6. Grammatical context refers to _ in which a word is used. A. vocabularyB. grammarC. semantic patternD. syntactic structure7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning.This change of constituent is known as _ . A. additionB. replacementC. position-shiftingD. variation8. The word "laconic" is _. A. onomatopoeically motivatedB. morphologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated9. CCELD is distinctive for its _. A. clear grammar codesB. language notesC. usage notesD. extra columns10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping? A. DormB. motelC. GentD. Zoo11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _ words. A. 30,000 to 40,000B. 50,000 to 60,000C. 70,000 to 80,000D. 80,000 to 90,00012. _ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words. A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _ in the Middle English period. A. Dutch originB. Danish originC. Latin originD. Greek origin14. A word is a symbol that _ . A. is used by the same speech communityB. represents something else in the worldC. is both simple and complex in natureD.shows different ideas in different sounds15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _. A. are complex words.B. are technical wordsC. refer to the commonest things in life.D. denote the most important concepts.第二部分 非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book（10）16. The same idiom may show _ differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning.17. LDCE is a _ dictionary.18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _.19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _.20. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types ofmeaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms（10）A B21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/ respond26. elevation ( ) F. etymologically motivated27. degradation ( ) G. garage ( a place for storing cars)28. narrowing ( ) H. thing (any object or event)29. extension ( ) I. part of speech30. Celtic ( ) J. knave (a dishonest person)IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined;2）types of wordformations;3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of idioms.（10）31. heart and soul ( )32. fathermale parent ( )33. motherfemale parent ( )34. city-bred ( )35. lip-reading to lip-read ( )36. headache ( )37. antecedent ( )38. preview ( )39. receive ( )40. called ( )V. Define the following terms（10）41. specialized dictionary42. collocative meaning43. transfer44. morpheme45. old EnglishVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.（12）46.What's the fundamental difference between radiation and concatenation? Illustrate your points.47. What is dismembering?48. What is collocative meaning? Give one example to illustrate your point.VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18）49. The 'pen' is mightier than the 'sword'.Explain what 'pen' and 'sword' mean respectively using the theory of motivation.50. Study the following sentence, paying special attention to the words in italics. If you find anything wrong, please explainwhy and then improve the sentence.(100 words)The police were ordered to stop drinking about midnight.英语词汇学试题参考答案第一部分 选择题IEach of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statementand put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. B2. D3. A4. B5. A6. D7. B8. D9. D10. B11. B12. C13. A14. B15. C第二部分 非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16. stylistic17.monolingual18.semantic opposition19. degradation 或 pejoration20.productivity and collocabilityIII. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes;2)types ofmeaning;3)language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%)21. I22. C23. F24. B25. E26. D27. J28. G29. H30. AIV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined;2) types of wordformation；3）types of meaning and 4) types of meaning of idioms.(10%)31. adverb idiom/ idiom adverbial in nature32. conceptual meaning33. conceptual meaning34. n+v-ed35. backformation36. n+v37. bound root38. prefix39. bound root40. inflectional affix/morphemeV. Define the following terms.(10%)41. Specialized dictionary refers to a dictionary which concentrates on a particular area of language or knowledge. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)42. Collocative meaning is that part of the word meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)43. Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process ofsemantic transfer.44. the minimal meaningful unit of a language.45. the language used in England from 450 to 1150.VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)46. 要点： Radiation Concatenationi) primary meaning i) first senseii）次要意义由主要意义辐射 ii）由此意义连续转换；特点为链接iii）名词语义互不依赖 iii）最后意义与第一意义失去联系的迹象47. 要点：（1）break up an idiom into pieces（2分）（2）an unusual case of using idioms（1分）（3）in literature or popular press for special effect（1分）注：语言扣分不得超过1分（语法扣1分，拼写扣0.5分）48. Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In other words, it is that part of theword-meaning suggested by words before or after the word in discussion. For example, 'pretty' and 'handsome' share theconceptual meaning of 'good looking', but are distinguished by the range of nouns they collocate with:pretty handsomeVII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (18%)49. 答案要点1）Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its me