unit-6-when-was-it-invented---课文重难点讲解.doc

Unit6 When was it invented?一、重点短语1. think of 想出 seem to do sth似乎要做 2. have a point 有道理 at that time在那时3. by accident 偶然；意外地 fall into落入；掉入 4. make tea制茶 less than少于5. take place发生；出现 around the world 全世界6. without doubt毫无疑问 the nature of. .的本质7. drop into掉进 at a low price以低价8. advise sb.(not) to do sth劝某人（不）做 all of a sudden 突然；猛然9. work on从事于 be similar to与.类似10. by mistake错误地 in the end 最后11. the Olympics奥林匹克运动会 divide . into. 把.分开12. at the same to同时 stop. from doing. 阻止.做.13. dream of 梦想 the number of .的数量14. look up to 钦佩；仰慕 encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事15. take notes 记笔记 decide on 决定16. come up with想出二、重点句型1. When was the telephone invented? I think it was invented in 18762. Who was it invented by ? It was invented by Whitcomb Jubson:Section A 课文精讲精析1. I think the TV was invented before the car. 我认为电视机先于汽车被发明。【解析1】：invent v 发明inventor n 发明家 invention n 发明熟记：Edison , a great _, _over 1000_ all his life.(invent)练习：.Paper making is a great _ (invent) of ancient China. . I think the light bulb is one of the most important _ (invent) .The car _ (invent) in 1885.【辨析2】：invent/ discover/find/find outinvent发明 发明的东西是从前没有的Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机？discover发现发现的事物是本来存在的或是有人知道的Columbus discovered America 哥伦布发现了美洲find找到指寻找的结果。是非延续性动词I am looking for my bike, but I may not find it. 我正在找我的自行车，可是不一定能找到。find out找出、查明指经过观察、调查把某事、某物查出来，搞清楚，弄明白When he was a child, he liked to find out how things worked. 他孩提时代时，就爱弄明白各种事物的来龙去脉。练习： Gibert _electricity, but Edison _ the electric light bulb. 吉尔贝特发现了电，而爱迪生发明了电灯泡。 Bell _the telephone in 1876. Columbus _America in 1492. （ ）A. invent B. discover C. invented D. discovered The light bulb is one of the most useful _(invent) in the world. What do you think is the greatest _ (invent) of the twentieth century? . After hard training for a long time, Liu Xiang _the records again. A. brokeB. achievedC. inventedD. completed I think the telephone was invented in 1876. A. created B. found C. seen D. used. The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented【解析3】一般过去时的被动语态I. 定义：表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作，无需说明动作 执行者时可省去“by + 动作执行者”。II. 结构： 一般过去时的被动语态：1.肯定结构： 主语 + was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 + by + 动作执行者 Eg：The teaching building was built six years ago. 这座教学楼建于六年前。练习：( ) Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year. A. plant B. planted C. have planted D. were planted 注意： was, were的使用由主语的单复数形式而定，主语为第三人称单数名词、代词或I时用was, 主语为复数名词、代词they或you时用were。2.否定形式：主语+was / were + not + 动词的过去分词 Eg：The window was not broken by him. 窗玻璃不是他打碎的。3.疑问形式：was /were +主语+动词的过去分词Eg：Was your homework finished in time yesterday evening? 昨天晚上你及时完成家庭作业了吗？ Where were those buses made? 那些公共汽车是哪里制造的？注意：一般疑问句通常把was / were置于主语前。 特殊疑问句形式应将一般疑问句置于特殊疑问词后面， 反意疑问句形式应保留was / were。III.一般过去时的被动语态疑问句的回答方法1. 一般疑问句形式肯定回答用“Yes, . was / were.”， 否定回答用“No, . wasnt / werent.”; 2. 特殊疑问句应抓住特殊疑问词进行回答，可用简略方法，也可用完整方法; 3. 反意疑问句也应用“Yes, . was / were.”或“No, . wasnt / werent.”进行回答。Eg：（1）Was your office cleaned yesterday afternoon? 你的办公室昨天下午打扫了吗？ Yes, it was. / No, it wasnt. 是的，打扫了。/ 不，没有打扫。 （2）Where was the party held last Sunday? 上周日聚会在哪儿举行的？ At home. / It was held at home. 在家里。/ 在家里举行的。 （3）Your debt was paid off at last, wasnt it? 你所欠的债最终被还清了，是吗？ Yes, it was. / No, it wasnt. 是的，被还清了。/ 不，没有被还清。练习： Last March, many trees _ along the streets to make our city more beautiful. A. were planted B. were planting C. had planted D. planted Shenzhou X, Chinas fifth manned spacecraft, _into space on June 11. 2013. A. has sent B. was sent C. will send D. is sentWow! You have a ticket to the Expo! lt by my uncle. He is working in Shanghai.A. has bought B. had bought C. is bought D. was bought We are glad to hear that the terrorists _ by the brave policemen several days ago. A. are caught B. were caught C. have been caughtD. are going to be caught. Three bridges _ over the river five years ago. A. built B. build C. were built D. are built2. My pleasure! 这是我的荣幸 【解析】1. please v 取悦 pleasure n愉快 pleased adj.(人)高兴的 pleasant adj.(物)令人愉快的 Eg： Its my _(please) to help you. They went to Qingdao and had a _(pleasure) trip. 2. be pleased to do sth 愉快做某事 be pleased with sth 对.满意 Eg： Im pleased _(meet) you.练习：. The documentary A Bite Of China II is quite popular around China recently. How do you like it? _. A. I think so B. Pretty good C. Its my pleasure D. All right. Why dont you join an English language club to practice speaking English? _. A. Its my pleasure B. Take it easy C. Thats all right D. Thats a good idea.Im sorry about last night. It was my fault . _ A. Forget it B. No way C. Go head D. My pleasure Can I bring a friend to your birthday party? Sure, _ . A. no problem B. not at all C. my pleasure D. well done.Thank you for supporting the volunteer project. _. Many hands make light work. A. My pleasure B. All right C. Never mind D. Thats right3. Think about how often its used in our daily lives 想想看它在我们的日常生活中是多么经常被用到。【解析】 daily adj. 日常的；每日的= everyday【拓展】 day n. 天，日 daily adj. 每日的 daily life 日常生活 There was little change in their _(day) lives练习：.How did you know_ news about Greenpeace, Lisa? Well, I got it from_ China Daily. A. a; the B. the;/ C. the; the D. an; a 4. The pioneers of different inventions were listed there 不同发明的先驱被列在那里。 【解析】list n 列表；列清单 n 名单；清单 make a list of . 制作.的目录5.For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. 例如，它提到拉链是惠特科姆.贾德森于1839年发明的。【解析1】: mention menn v提到, 说起 Don't mention it. 没关系，别客气练习：Thank you for taking me around your school,Daming. _. A. Dont mention it B. Never mind C. Of course not D. No problem. Can I have a look at your photos, please? _. A. Sure, here you are B.Dont mention it C. I cant agree with you D. Im sorry to hear that.Your handwriting looks so good. Really? _ A. Thank you. B. Dont mention it. C. No, not good.6. Theyre used for.? 它们被用来做. 【解析】be used for doing=be used to do sth 用来做某事 【拓展】use 的用法： 1. use v 用，使用 useful adj. 有用的 练习：. This is useful book, book is my brother's.A. a; the B. an; the C. a; an D. an; a.Overseas experience may help make our life _. So why not try to study abroad? A. usual B. useful C. successfulD. traditional2.use up = ran out of 用完，用尽练习：.The child nearly used up all his pocket money. A. ran out of B. kept out of C. got out of.Recycling is good, so don't _ bottles or newspapers.A. find out   B. hand in    C. use up   D. throw away3. use sth to do sth 使用某物做某事 4.used to do sth 过去常常做某事5.be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事练习：. Nancy _ a bus to school, but now he rides a bike. A. is used to taking B. was used to take C. used to take. My parents _ getting up early on weekdays A. used to B. be used to C. was used to D. are used to6. be used by +动作执行者 被.使用7. be used as+名词 被用着.练习：.How does Jack usually go to work? He _ drive a car, but now he _ there to lose weight.A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walkingC. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking. She _ live alone. But she _ living alone because she feels lonely. A. used to; doesnt used to B. is used to; was used to C. used to; is not used to D. was used to; doesnt used to6. Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented by accident? 你知道 世界上（继水之后）最受欢迎的饮料，是被偶然发明的吗？【解析】: by accident=by chance 偶然地（位于句尾）练习： _(根据) an ancient Chinese legend, the emperor Shen Nong discovered tea when he was boiling water over an open fire. Yesterday I met my old friend _accident. A. by B. in C. at D. for . The police found the lost car_ A. with mistake B. by accident C. by mistake D. in accident. The police found the lost car_.A. with mistake B. by accident C. by mistake D. in accident. Dale used to _ to office in his car, but he is used to _ the bus now.A. going ; taking B. going; take C. go; taking7. Many people believe that tea was first drunk nearly 5,000 years ago 很多人认为大约在5000年前茶第一次被饮用。【辨析】almost/ nearly1. almost“差不多、几乎”有very, nearly 的意思。 Eg：He has almost finished his work. 他差不多完成了他的工作2. nearly adv.“差不多、几乎、将近”指一差距一般比almost 大。 Eg：Its nearly five oclock.差不多五点钟了。【注意】：almost有时可与nearly通用，但当其与no, none, nothing, never连用时，不用nearly。练习：. Where shall we eat tonight? Lets call Harry. He _ knows the best places to go. A. only B. nearly C. seldom D. Always.I could _control my feelings at the moment. The song brought back so many childhood memories. A. really B. hardly C. nearly D. Clearly.can you catch what I said? Sorry, I can _ understand it A. almost B. probably C. nearly D. hardly.-Do you think yesterday's math problem was difficult? -Yes, I could _ work it out. A. easily B. hardly C. finally D. nearly 8. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong first discovered tea as a drink. . 据说中国一位叫作神农的统治者是第一个发现茶可以作为一种饮料的人。【解析1】: It is said that. 据说.; 有人说.拓展:“It is +动词过去分词+ that 从句.” 句型归纳： It is believed that .人们认为. It is known that. 众所周知.It is reported that . 据报道. It is supposed that .据估计. Eg: It is said that people can live to be 120 years old.【解析2】: called=named 叫做 a boy called Tom“一个名叫作汤姆的男孩”拓展: call the police 报警 1. call sb.=telephone sb. =phone sb. =give sb. a call =ring sb. up 给某人打电话2. call on sb. 拜访某人 练习：. The boy (name) Tom is Mr. Smith s son.Yaxi, a quiet village in Ganchun, _Chinas first “Slow City” in November 2011.A. names B. named C. is named D. was named9. One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. 一天，神农在室外的火堆上烧饮用水。【解析1】boil v 煮沸；烧开 1. boiling adj.沸腾的 （形容水或者其他液体目前正在沸腾的状态） boiled adj. 煮沸的 （形容水或者其他液体曾经被煮开过的状态）练习： He often drinks two cups of _ water when he comes back. A.boiling B.boil C.boiled D.boils【解析2】over (1) “在 上面” over the table 在桌子上方练习： Mrs. King put a coat _ the sleeping girl to keep her warm. A.over B.with C.behind D.beside 2. “遍及” all over the world 全世界 3.“多余，超过” =more than over 20 books 4.“跨越” a bridge over the river 5“在那边” over there 在那边练习：. How far is Yuhua Middle School from here? Its around five minutes walk. A. about B. over C. more than D. less than.There were more than three hundred people in the park last Sunday. A. many B. over C. above D. Near【拓展】above /over /on表“在之上”的区别 (1)above 只表示在上方或位置高出，与below“在的下面”相对； (2)over 指在正上方，与under 相对； (3)on “在的上面”，表面相互接触。练习： There is a bridge _ the river. A. on B. above C. with D. over .Again and again the doctor _ the crying baby girl, but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her. A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out【over构成的短语】 come over to顺便来访 go over 复习 think over 仔细考虑 over and over again 一次又一次的 all over the world 全世界 get over克服练习： How many new desks and chairs are there in your school this year? There are over 3,000 . Each of us has one. A. less than B. most C. more than D. as many as10. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. 茶树的一些叶子掉进了水里，并在那儿停留了一会儿。【解析1】：fall into 落入 The leaf fell into the river. fall down 跌倒 She fell down from her bike. 拓展： fall behind 落后 fall in love with sb. 爱上某人 fall asleep 入睡练习： Its not easy for Linda to _ last night, because she was too excited. A. go to bed B. fall asleep C. fall into D. fall over What does the instruction say? The colors in the dress will _ if you use hot water. A. fall B. appear C. run D. shine 【解析2】：remind v保持，仍是（系动词+adj. ）拓展：remind =make sb. remember v 使记住记忆：re+ mind remind1. remind of 提醒，使记起2 remind sb. of sth 使某人记起某事练习： Action movies _me of Jackie Chan,A. remind B. think C. hear D. MissThe story reminds me _an experience I once had.A. of B. to C. with D. for3. remind sb. to do sth提醒某人去做某事 Eg: Dont worry, Ill remind you_(get )up early.4 remind sb. + that从句练习：Can I smoke in the dining hall? Sorry. It's not_.A. promised B. realized C. allowed D. reminded