英语完形填空精讲.ppt
完形填空专项演练,完形填空设空以实词为主、虚词为辅，单词为主、短语为辅。动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词等实词通常要占全部小题数的80%以上。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。具体比例见下表：,1998-2004年完形填空题选项分布,有个故事,说的是一个穷人,很穷.一个富人见他可怜,就起了_,想帮他_.富人送了一头_ 给他.嘱咐他好好开荒,等_来了撒上种子,秋天就可以远离那个”穷”字了.穷人满怀_ 开始奋斗._过了几天,牛要吃草,人要吃饭,日子比过去还要_.穷人就想,不如把牛卖了,买几只羊,先_ 一只来吃,剩下的还可以生小羊,长大了可以拿去_,赚更多的钱.,善心,致富,牛,春天,希望,没想到,艰难,杀,卖,完形填空解题步骤,通览-试填-复核,1 通览-速度全文，把握大意,快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。,2 试填-紧扣文意，瞻前顾后 先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。,3 复核-全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确,试填后，要把全文再通读一遍，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。,解题技巧1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句(同义词或反义词)2.注意固定搭配3.注意同义词的辨义4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项6.根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项7.利用语法知识选出正确选项8.排除意思不符的选项，大胆选上不懂的单 词或短语,解题技巧,1 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义词或反义词。,1)Many old people dont have good _.They cant watch TV,but they can listen to music or news over the radio.,A hearing B health C eyesight D time,2)Some parts of the water are very shallow.But in some places it is very,very_.A.deep B.high C.cold D.dangerous,根据转折连词but的提示，所选的词应与shallow相反，因此选A,3)I climbed the stairs slowly,carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to the third floor,I was_ and at the same time feeling lonely.(NMET2000 第26小题）,A helpless B lazy C anxious D tired,4)and then both ended up from the same high school,just three weeks before_,Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京春季卷第45小题）,A graduation B movement C separation D vacation,2 注意固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。,1）The city(Washington)was named_George Washington,the first president of the United States.A.by B.for C.as D.after,2)It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang.Mrs Clarke was _tea at the time.cooking B.makingC.burning D.serving,3)Mark_ down and helped the boy pick up these articles.(2003 北京 春 50小题）A.fell B.sat C.lay D.knelt,5）,but they are _ damage to our houses and shops of historical interest,Said John Norris,one of the protesters.（NMET1999第30题)A doing B raising C putting D producing,3 注意同义词的辨义,1）Soon I heard a _ like that of a door burst in,and then a climb of feet.A.sound B.cry C.voice D.shout,3).Give me a hand,he shouted_ he got near the boat.A.while B.till C.for D.as,四个选项都可以表示时间。while强调一段时间内进行的动作，常与进行时连用；till表示的是动作持续到某时或到某时才开始；for表示的是动作持续了一段时间；as连接的是一个与谓语动作几乎同时发生的动词。答案应选D，表示他一边向船靠近一边大声喊。,4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词,1).And video cameras can be used to _peoples actions at home.A.keep B.make C.record D.watch,2).When the papers were_ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.A.collected B.completed C.marked D.answered,3).Japan is an island country and its_ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to _.A.fishing boats B.lifeboats C.planes D.trains A.buy B.catch C.hold D.weigh,只有fishing boats能够到太平洋捕鱼，因此第一个空答案A为。捕鱼用动词catch，第二个空答案为B。,5 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项,有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。,常见的承接语有and,but,however,so,therefore,等。其中for one thingfor another等连接词表示列举；Firstand then,FirstNextThenFinally用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow,still,though,although表示让步关系；therefore,so表结果；because,since,due to,owing to表原因，等等。,1).A transistor radio is sometimes very small.It is very easy to carry_,radio broadcasts are better for blind people.A.Besides B.However C.Yet D.Sometimes,2).At first nothing happened,_suddenly a large rat rushed out ofthe A.and B.or C.so D.then,3).My main responsibility(职责）were clearing tables and washing dishes,_sometimes I helped cook.（2003 北京 第40题）A.or B.so C.but D.even,6 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项,1）The space is left to let the railexpand（膨胀）when it gets _.A.wet B.cold C.hot D.dry,2),you _the international dateline.By agreement,this is the point where a new day_.A.see B.cross C.are D.are stopped by_A.is coming B is discovered C.is invented D.begins,the international dateline是国际日期变更线，是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为B 和D,7 利用语法知识选出正确选项,1）When Ed first phoned and _ we play,I laughed quietly,figuring on an easy victory.(NMET2003,37题）A.declared B.mentioned C.persuaded D.suggested,2).I realized that_ I had done that,I would have lost a new friend and missed all the fun we would have together.(2003 北京 春季 53题）A.before B.if C.while D.as,3).As my father,_worked three jobs,once told me,（2003 北京 54题）A.he B.that C.who D.whoever,如何提高能力技巧,1.提高阅读能力（速度，理解）,2.打好语法基础（固定搭配）,3.扩充词汇量（动词，名词）,4.增长生活常识,培养广泛的兴趣爱好,5.多做多练，以提高实战能力,
