《翻译理论与实践》中南大学历考试.doc

中南大学考试试卷 2005-2006学年一学期 时间120分钟翻译理论与实践A卷课程64学时4学分 考试形式：闭卷 专业年级：英语系031.2.3.4.5.6.7.8班 总分100分，占总评成绩70%【Give your answers on ANSWER SHEET attached】I. Alternative Choice: 15 %1. There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil. The drill may just miss the oil although it is near. 译文A：石油钻探很大程度上要靠运气。哪怕钻机打到石油边上，也可能找不到石油。 译文B：钻探石油有很大的运气，即使钻机就在附近也有可能错过石油。2I have no manners whatsoever. If I feel like it, I eat with my fingers, or out of a can, or standing up-in other words, whichever is easiest.译文A：事实上我没有任何规矩，如果我觉得喜欢，我就用手指吃，或用罐头吃，或站着吃换句话说，看那种吃法最容易。译文B：我实在是一点规矩也没有。只要觉得合适，我可用手抓着吃，直接拿着罐头吃，或是站着吃：反正怎么省事就怎么吃。3. 过去的一年全国人民团结奋斗，开拓进取，社会主义现代化事业取得重大成就。译文A：In the past, the Chinese people worked hard with a united and pioneering spirit, achieving great success in the drive for socialist modernization.译文B：In the last year, the Chinese people united and worked hard, pioneered and forged ahead, and made great achievements in the cause of Chinas socialist modernization.4. 直到下半天，寻来寻去寻到山坳里，看见刺柴上挂着他的一只小鞋。大家都说，糟了，怕是遭了狼了！译文A：Not until that afternoon, after searched everywhere, did they find a small shoe of his hanging on the bramble. Everybody said that it was too bad! He was likely to meet with a wolf! 译文B：Not until that afternoon, after trying anywhere possible in the mountains, did they find a small shoe of his hanging on the bramble. When seeing this, everybody there realized that something bad must have happened -he was killed by a wolf! 5. 农民增加了对农业的投资，这样相对减少了国家对农业的直接投资。译文A：The peasants have increased their investment in agriculture. This has relatively reduced direct investment in agriculture by the state. 译文B：Increased peasant investment in agriculture means relatively less direct investment in agriculture by the state. II. Improve the following Translations: 15%1. The shore line unobtrusively divided into low islands fringed with black lava boulders and overgrown with jungle and the grey-green water slips in between.译文：河岸线不明显地被划分为低矮的小岛，岛的四周是巨大的黑色熔岩，岛上丛林茂密，暗绿的河水缓流其间。2. 中华民族文化历史悠久，起源很早，内容极为丰富，是东方文明的主要组成部分，早在上古时期就已是人类文化的一个独立典型。译文：As an important component of Oriental civilization, the Chinese culture has a long history with an early origin and a rich content. It was an independent model in human culture early in the ancient times.3. 琼岛东北部有“琼岛春阴”碑，为1751年建立。译文：There is a stone tablet called “Qiong Dao Chun Yin” in the northeast part of the Qiongdao Island, which was set up in 1751.III. Translate the underlined parts into Chinese: 40%Fame is much like an animal chasing its own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it. Fame and the exhilarating celebrity that accompanies it, force the famous person to participate in his or her own destruction. Ironic isnt it?Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of processing a single talent or skill: singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc. The successful performer develops a style that is marked aggressively and gains some popularity, and it is this popularity that usually convinces the performer to continue performing in the same style, since that is what the public seems to want and to enjoy. But in time, the performer becomes bored singing the same songs in the same way year after year, or the painter becomes bored painting similar scenes or portraits, or the actor is tired of playing the same character repeatedly. The demand of the public holds the artist hostage to his or her own success, fame. If the artist attempts to change his or her style of writing or dancing or singing, etc, the audience may turn away and look to confer(赠予)fleeting (飞逝的、短暂的)fickle(无常的、浮躁的) fame on another and then, in time, on another, and so on and so on. （注：可查字典，词义自定）IV. Translate the following into English: 30%没有盼头的日子是苍白不可想象的，人，得天天有点什么盼头，生活才不至于暗淡。有了盼头，会觉得太阳每天都是新的，不管是望梅止渴，还是画饼充饥，它都会激励你不停手中的桨，去追逐哪怕一星微小的火光。土地去掉水分，就成了沙漠；人没了盼，还剩什么？小盼头支撑人的一天，大盼头支撑人的一生。人是决不能没有盼头的。（注：可查字典，词义自定）ANSWER SHEETClass_ No._ Name _I. Alternative choice (请涂黑圈): 15%1. A B 2. A B 3. A B 4. A B 5. A B II. Improve the following translations: 15%1.2.3.III. Translate the English (underlined parts) into Chinese: 40%IV. Translate the following passage into English: 30%答 案I. Alternative Choice: A.B.A.B.B 15 % II. Improve the following Translations: 15% 1. 河岸线界限不明，划分为座座低矮的小岛，暗绿的河水缓流其间。岛上丛林茂密，大片乌黑的熔岩裸露于四周贴水一线。（拆译+语序）2. As an important component of Oriental civilization, the Chinese culture is rich and well-established with a long history, distinguished from ancient times by its characteristics in human culture.（结构+选词用字）3. In the northeast part of the Qiongdao Island stands a stone tablet, set up in 1751, which was engraved with 4 Chinese characters “Qiong Dao Chun Yin”(Spring shades on the Qiongdao Island).（文化内容的处理）III. Translation from English into Chinese: 40 %试译：凡成名者，大多有一技之长，或能歌，或善舞，或长于绘画，或精于写作，都因各自演艺中形成的强烈个性和鲜明风格而名声鹊起。然而，正是这得来的名望，使他们常年固守着自己的本色不敢越雷池半步，因为这是公众的要求和喜爱。可随着时间的推移，歌星若年复一年唱着同样的歌，画家若一成不变画着同样的画，演员若一如既往重复着同一角色，恐怕连他自己都会厌烦。但为了保全已有的成就和名望，他只能一味顺从这种需要而沦为公众的人质。若要改换笔调，转变舞风，创新唱法，观众就会舍他而去，将那来去不定、乍起乍落的名望声誉随即送与他人，如此这般转来转去，无休无止。IV. Translation from Chinese into English: 30 %A day without hope would be unimaginably pale. There must be something to look forward to each day to brighten ones life and keep it out of shadows. To a person cherishing hopes every morning rises a new sun. Even if it is a fantasy or an illusion, so long as it shows a ray of hope it still urges you on in pursuit of that little sparkle without letup.Deprived of moisture content, soil turns into desert. Deprived of hope, what is there left to a person? A small hope sustains a person for a day, a great one for a lifetime.Human beings cannot do without something to look forward to.翻译试卷（A）评分细则一第一题正误判断（T/F，客观题）：5题，每题3分，共15分，占卷面总分15%。选对给满分，选错为0分，无第三种选择。二第三题翻译改进题（主观题）：3句，每句5分，共15分，占卷面总分15%。1）句子虽改，但不正确，且错误百出，以0分计；2）错处已改，但有错误，或在不该改的地方改错，扣1分。三段落翻译英译汉（主观题）：一段，共40分，占卷面总分40%。1）译文准确达意，通顺地道，流畅连贯可给满分；2）死扣原文字面、生硬呆板的译文须酌情扣5分左右；3）理解错误每处扣1分；用词错误每处扣1分；行文不通顺每处扣1分。四段落翻译汉译英（主观题）：一段，共30分，占卷面总分30%。1）译文准确达意，通顺地道，流畅连贯可给满分；2）死扣原文字面、生硬呆板的译文须酌情扣5分左右；3）理解错误每处扣1分；用词错误每处扣1分；语法错误每处扣1分；行文欠通顺每处扣1分。中南大学考试试卷 2005-2006学年一学期 时间120分钟翻译理论与实践B卷课程64学时4学分 考试形式：闭卷 专业年级：英语系031.2.3.4.5.6.7.8班 总分100分，占总评成绩70%【Give your answers on ANSWER SHEET attached】I. Alternative Choice: 15 %1. Solitude is an excellent laboratory in which to observe the extent to which manners and habits are conditioned by others.译文A：孤独是一个很好的实验室，在其中观察礼貌和习惯受别人制约所达到的程度。译文B：孤独是一块极好的试金石，利于观察一个人的举止和习惯在多大程度上受人制约。2The park that resulted is a mix of sea and land, situated mostly on Mt. Desert Island, with a bit on the mainland.译文A：公园以“荒山岛”为主，一小部分在大陆，中间大海相连，集海、陆风光于一体。译文B：公园由大海和陆地构成，大部分在“荒山岛”，一小部分在大陆。3. 中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。译文A：China can be account on. Among other things, first, it upholds principle and second, it honors its words.译文B：On two points China can be account. First, it upholds principle and second, it keeps its words.4. 过去的一年全国人民团结奋斗，开拓进取，社会主义现代化事业取得重大成就。译文A： In the last year，the Chinese people united and worked hard, pioneered and forged ahead, and made great achievements in the cause of Chinas socialist modernization.译文B： With a spirit of unit, diligence and enterprise, the Chinese people strived forward and made great achievements in the cause of Chinas socialist modernization in the last year.5. 西湖如镜面，千峰凝翠，洞壑幽深，风光绮丽。译文A： The West Lake is like a mirror, embellished all around with green hills and deep caves of enchanting beauty.译文B：The West Lake is like a mirror with green mountains and deep caves around it, showing beautiful scenery. II. Improve the following Translations: 15%1. A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as the company he keeps, for there is a companionship of book as well as of men.译文：一个人可以通过他读的书和交的伴而得到了解，因为在书与书、人与人之间有一种伙伴关系。2. 浪漫是没有定式的，或许那些实实在在的呵护和关爱才是真正的浪漫，它是生命之火所点燃的最绚烂的花朵。译文：There is no fixed form in romance. May be those real protections and loves are real romance, which is the flower lit by the flame of life.3. 青城山地质地貌独特，植被茂密，气候适宜，林木葱翠，层峦叠嶂，曲径逶迤，古观藏趣。译文：Qingcheng Mountain has special geological landforms known for its overgrown vegetations, mild climate, thriving forests, rolling mountains, winding paths and. interesting ancient temples.III. Translate the underlined parts into Chinese: 40%Anyone with eyes can take delight in a face or a flower. You need training, however, to perceive the beauty in mathematics or physics or chess, in the architecture of a tree, the design of a birds wing, or the shiver of breath through a flute. From most of human history, the training has come from elders who taught the young how to pay attention. By paying attention, we learn to savor all sorts of patterns, from quantum mechanics to patchwork quilts. This predilection brings with it a clear evolutionary advantage, for the ability to recognize patterns helped our ancestors to select mates, find food, avoid predators. But the same advantage would apply to all species, and yet we alone compose symphonies and crossword puzzles, carve stone into statues, map time and space.（注：可查字典，词义自定）IV. Translate the underlined parts into English: 30%中华民族文化历史悠久，起源很早，内容极为丰富，是东方文明的主要组成部分，早在上古时期就已是人类文化的一个独立典型。在物质文化方面，中国的“四大发明”曾经改变世界历史的进程。在精神文明方面，“以人为本”的人格价值思想和“和为贵”的和平与发展的思想，对世界文化解决个人与社会、人与自然、道德与生命的根本关系做出了杰出的贡献。中国的学者们一致认为，在全球化趋势日益发展的今天，文化交流在国与国之间的交往中越来越重要，起着独特的作用，中国应该向全世界充分展现具有强大凝聚力的中华文明，同时应该利用申办、举办奥运会的机会吸取和弘扬一切人类文明的精华。（注：可查字典，词义自定）ANSWER SHEETClass_ No._ Name _I. Alternative choice (请涂黑圈): 15%1. A B 2. A B 3. A B 4. A B 5. A B II. Improve the following translations: 15%1.2.3.III. Translate the English (underlined parts) into Chinese: 40%IV. Translate the following passage into English: 30%答 案I. Alternative Choice: B.A.A.B.A 15 % II. Improve the following Translations: 15% 1. 欲知其人，先观其友，读书也一样，看一个人读哪些书就知道他是哪一类人。2. The expression of love follows no definite pattern. I wonder if wiping the desk and preparing tea and medicine for a person of ones heart is not one of the ways. Maybe true love lies in giving heart-felt care and whole-hearted protection. That and that alone is the reddest rose nurtured by the spring of life. 3. Endowed with special geological landforms and a mild climate, Qingcheng Mountain enjoys exuberant vegetations and forests through which the paths wind, as well as the ancient temples dispersing in ranges of mountains.III. Translation from English into Chinese: 40 %凡眼见于俏脸、鲜花，无人不觉赏心悦目。然而，要参透数学、物理或棋弈之美，欣赏树之有形、鸟之翼趣，乃至对长笛奏出的悠悠颤音心领神会，则必经专门训练方可体味。在人类大部历史上，这种训练就是学会如何观察，历来由长者教之于幼者。通过观察，人类学会去鉴赏天地万化之模式，从量子力学到百纳被无所不包。此痴情所至，亦使人类在进化过程中占尽先机，能辨万化之象，有助于先人们择偶、觅食，逃避猛兽。IV. Translation from Chinese into English: 30 %As an important component of Oriental civilization, the Chinese culture is rich and well-established with a long history, distinguished from ancient times by its characteristics in human culture. With respect to its material culture, Chinas “four inventions”, namely, gunpowder, printing, the compass and papermaking, have influenced the process of world history. With respect to ethical culture, the ideas of “people come first” (for human dignity) and “harmony prevails over all”/ “conciliation is invaluable” (for the peace and development) have made great contributions to the worlds culture, dealing well with the fundamental relationships between individuals and society, man and nature, and morality and life. 翻译试卷（B）评分细则一第一题正误判断（T/F，客观题）：5题，每题3分，共15分，占卷面总分15%。选对给满分，选错为0分，无第三种选择。二第三题翻译改进题（主观题）：3句，每句5分，共15分，占卷面总分15%。1）句子虽改，但不正确，且错误百出，以0分计；2）错处已改，但有错误，或在不该改的地方改错，扣1分。三段落翻译英译汉（主观题）：一段，共40分，占卷面总分40%。1）译文准确达意，通顺地道，流畅连贯可给满分；2）死扣原文字面、生硬呆板的译文须酌情扣5分左右；3）理解错误每处扣1分；用词错误每处扣1分；行文不通顺每处扣1分。四段落翻译汉译英（主观题）：一段，共30分，占卷面总分30%。1）译文准确达意，通顺地道，流畅连贯可给满分；2）死扣原文字面、生硬呆板的译文须酌情扣5分左右；3）理解错误每处扣1分；用词错误每处扣1分；语法错误每处扣1分；行文欠通顺每处扣1分。中南大学考试试卷 2007-2008学年一学期 时间120分钟翻译理论与实践A卷课程64学时4学分 考试形式：闭卷专业年级：英语系041.2.3.4.5.6.7.8班 总分100分，占总评成绩70%【Give your answers on ANSWER SHEET attached】I. Judging the following translations with “Y” (good) or “N” (not good): 20 %1中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。译文：On two points China can be account. First, it upholds principle and second, it keeps its words.2. 青城山地质地貌独特，植被茂密，气候适宜，林木葱翠，层峦叠嶂，曲径逶迤，古观藏趣。译文. Endowed with special geological landforms and a mild climate, Qingcheng Mountain enjoys exuberant vegetations and forests through which the paths wind, as well as the ancient temples dispersing in ranges of mountains.3. 一个人在原企业的优秀业绩可以为他今后求职提供“敲门砖”。译文：An employees previous outstanding performance is a very important stepping stone to his or her job hunting.4. My table manners are atrocious-in this respect Ive slipped back hundreds of years in fact, I have no manners whatsoever. If I feel like it, I eat with my fingers, or out of a can, or standing up-in other words, whichever is easiest.译文：我的吃相实在不雅，这方面一下就倒退了几百年，实在是一点规矩也没有。只要觉得合适，我可用手抓着吃，直接拿着罐头吃，或是站着吃：反正怎么省事就怎么吃。5. When Im having trouble with a story and think about giving up or when I start to feel sorry for myself and think things should be easier for me, I roll a piece of paper into that cranky old machine and type, word by painful word, just the way Mother did.译文：每当我写文章有麻烦想放弃时，或是开始为自己觉得遗憾和认为事情对我本应容易一些时，我就往那台破旧的打字机里卷进一张纸，像母亲当年那样，打着一个又一个痛苦的字。II. Improve the following Translations: 20%1. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are fresh today as when they first passed through their authors minds, ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us vividly as ever from the printed page.译文：时间在伟大思想面前没有作用，这些伟大的思想仍像多年前初次闪现在作者心头时一样的新鲜。当年说的和思考的东西至今仍生动地在印刷的纸上向我们诉说。2. Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of processing a single talent or skill: singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc. The successful performer develops a style that is marked aggressively and gains some popularity.译文：那些成名的人大多靠拥有某种单一的才能或技能而获得名声：唱歌、跳舞、画画，写作等等。成功的表演