42期海船轮机员考试42801.doc

中华人民共和国海事局2007年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第42期)科目：轮机英语 试卷代号：801适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶轮机长（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题15分，第77题至78题， 每题10分。一、单项选择题1. During the valve overlap period, the exhaust pressure of a turbocharged four-stroke/cycle diesel engine must be less than the intake manifold pressure to ensure _. A. effective cylinder scavenging and cooling B. constant pressure from the turbochargers C. cooler operation of the exhaust system D. effective constant pressure for turbocharger operation 2. The relative air pressure in the inlet manifold of a turbocharged diesel engine is usually _.A. greater than the average exhaust manifold pressure B. less than the average exhaust manifold pressure C. greater at the turbine wheel than at the impeller D. greater at reduced engine speed 3. Cooling of engines is achieved by circulating a cooling liquid around internal _within the engine.A. air B. passages C. pipes D. means 4. An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for _ in the event of over-speed. A. stabilizing the ship speed B. increasing the fuel pump setting C. braking the crankshaft D. cutting power off the engine 5. The amount of fuel delivered by a helical plunger fuel injection pump is controlled by _. A. varying the pump discharge pressure B. varying the pump return pressure C. rotation of the pump plunger D. rotation of the pump barrel 6. Prolonged operation of a diesel engine with a closed cooling water system, at lower than normal designed operating temperatures can _.A. increase power output B. decrease lube oil viscosityC. eliminate fuel knock D. cause sulfuric acid formation 7. If the sump _ were to rise this would indicate water leakage into the oil and an investigation into the cause must be made. A. temperature B. viscosity C. lever D. level 8. In a diesel engine, when refitting piston rings you should_. I. check the ring gap at the smallest diameter of the cylinder II. remove carbon from the ring grooveA. I only B. II only C. both I and II D. neither I nor II 9. Fuel has been injected but ignition fails. The possible cause may be _. A. slightly leaky exhaust valve B. increased scavenging air temperature C. engine cylinders not scavenged sufficiently D. too much water in the fuel oil 10. If some of the cylinders are not firing, the ones affected may be determined by watching _. A. the exhaust temperature B. the exhaust pressure C. the governor D. the fuel flow meter 11. The major cause of trouble in a mechanical-hydraulic governor is contamination of the hydraulic fluid by _. A. dirt B. fuel oil C. governor cooling water D. fuel oil tar(焦油) 12. Modern marine diesel engines equipped with mechanical fuel injection operate on a combustion phase within the cycle which is _. A. entirely constant pressure B. entirely constant temperature C. a combination of constant volume and constant pressure D. a combination of constant temperature and constant pressure 13. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for _. A. friction clutches B. disconnect clutches C. reversing gears D. reduction gears 14. Propeller pitch speed minus ship speed divided by the propeller pitch speed is termed _. A. apparent slip B. true slip C. pitch D. propulsive efficiency 15. Pitted reduction gear teeth having a deep blue color with evidence of overheating have been operated with _.A. excessive speed B. improper warm-upC. extreme misalignment D. inadequate lubrication 16. A bypass line provided around a waste heat auxiliary boiler in a diesel engine exhaust system, may be used to avoid boiler _. A. corrosion at low engine loads B. erosion at high engine loads C. overload at high engine loads D. scaling at all exhaust temperatures 17. A firebox explosion in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler may be the result of _. A. excessive purging before lighting off B. insufficient trail for ignition period C. a faulty transformer in the ignition circuit D. insufficient purging before lighting off 18. A spur gear pump should be operated with the discharge valves _.A. slightly opened B. throttled C. fully opened D. halfway opened 19. A centrifugal pump may fail to deliver water when first started if the _. A. water seal pipe is plugged B. pump is not primed C. seal ring is properly located D. impeller is flooded 20. The sum of the sensible heat and the latent heat of any substance is known as _. A. total heat B. residual heat C. specific heat D. superheat 21. As the amount of moisture in the air increases, the difference between the dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures will _. A. increase B. decrease C. remain unchanged D. be greatest at dew point 22. Which of the problems listed could cause erosion of the expansion valve disks and seats? A. Overcharging the system with refrigerant B. Faulty compressor suction valve C. Failure of the high pressure cutout D. Flash gas formed in the liquid line 23. Sludge may be formed in the oil in the crankcase of a reciprocating air conditioning compressor as a result of _. A. refrigerant bubbles in the lube oil B. refrigerant reducing the lube oil viscosity C. oxidation of the lube oil from overheating D. reducing the floc or cloud point of the oil 24. _ are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when pumping out oily water from any oil contaminated space. A. Boiler B. Incinerator C. Oily water separator D. Sewage treatment unit 25. The _ is used to burn oil sludge. A. clarifier B. oily water separator C. incinerator D. distiller 26. Most marine biological sewage treatment plants consist of all the following statements except _. A. aeration tanks B. settling tanks C. disinfection agent D. anaerobic bacteria(厌氧细菌) 27. The separation of impurities and water from _is essential for good combustion of diesel engines. A. lube oil B. fuel oil C. turbine oil D. grease 28. Which of the listed problems could produce a high absolute pressure within a flash type evaporator? A. production of high salinity distillate B. seawater feed temperature below 165 C. a leak in the first stage demister D. a cracked distillate pump vent line 29. Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to convert mechanical into hydraulic energy? A. the hydraulic pumps B. valves C. hydraulic cylinders D. hydraulic motors30. Mooring winch should be equipped with mechanical brakes which are capable of holding _. A. half the breaking strength of the mooring line B. the full breaking strength of the mooring line C. the maximum expected tension of the mooring line D. 50% over the working tension of the mooring line 31. According to Regulations, a power driven auxiliary steering gear for a vessel capable of a 12 knot service speed, must be able to meet the rudder movement requirements at which of the minimum vessel speeds listed below? A. 6 knots B. 7 knots C. 9 knots D. 12 knots 32. Pressure drop in an operating hydraulic system is developed _. A. only by the pump as its primary function B. by resistance to the fluid flow through the system C. by the thermal input to the system's fluid D. solely(单独地) by the charge applied by the accumulators 33. The frequency of an alternator at a given RPM is determined by the _. A. number of turns of wire in the armature(电枢) coil B. number of magnetic poles C. strength of the magnets used D. output voltage 34. You are attempting to parallel two AC generators, and the synchroscope(同步器) pointer is revolving in the fast direction. This indicates that the frequency of the incoming machine is _. A. higher than the bus frequency B. lower than the bus frequency C. the same as the bus frequency but out of phase with it D. the same as the bus frequency and the circuit breaker may be closed at any pointer position 35. The load sharing characteristics of two diesel generators operating in parallel are mostly dependent on their governor _. A. load limit settings B. idle speed settings C. speed limit settings D. speed droop settings 36. The first requirement for logical troubleshooting of any system is the ability to _. A. collect all available data on a casualty B. recognize normal operation C. identify the probable cause of a symptom D. isolate the faulty component 37. The purpose of a main switchboard circuit breaker's reverse-power trip is to _.A. prevent main circuit overload B. protect the circuit breaker blowout coilC. prevent alternator motorization D. prevent low voltage tripout 38. An advantage of DC motors over AC motors is that they _. A. are less expensive B. require less maintenance C. can be started across the line D. offer a more effective means of controlling speed 39. Prior to any overhaul work on electric equipment, it is important to ensure the circuits are _. A. live B. dead C. excited D. on line 40. A circuit breaker differs from a fuse in that a circuit breaker _. A. melts and must be replaced B. is enclosed in a tube of insulating material with metal ferrules(环) at each end C. gives no visual indication of having opened the circuit D. trips to break the circuit and may be reset 41. The ratio of output response to a specified change in the input is known as _. A. primary feedbackB. sensitivity C. deviation D. dead band42. Which of the listed devices is used to measure pressure and convert it to an electrical signal? A. Transducer B. Reducer C. Transformer D. Rectifier 43. The meat box temperature control circuit, as used in the ship service refrigeration system, is an example of _. A. two position control B. single speed floating control C. proportional(比例) control D. reset control 44. If both the high leveland low level alarms come on for the same address of a centralized（集中的） control console, the most likely problem is a/an _. A. sensor failure B. failed alarm C. low level D. extremely high level 45. When under maneuvering conditions with the machinery being manually operated the control unit or console should be _. A. automatically controlled B. continuously manned C. off power D. continuously unmanned 46. Before the seas get rough, it is a good safety practice to_. A. secure loose gear B. move quickly about the ship C. increase lighting D. shutdown auxiliary equipment 47. Which of the listed classes of fire would most likely occur in the engine room of a vessel? A. Classes A and B B. Classes B and C C. Classes C and D D. Classes A and D 48. To prevent the spread of fire by conduction, you should _. A. cool the bulkheads around the fire B. remove combustibles from direct exposure C. close all openings to the area D. shut off all electric power 49. The fire extinguishing action of CO 2 comes mostly from _. A. breaking the fire chemical chain reaction B. smothering C. cooling D. isolating the heat from the fuel 50. The necessity for administering artificial respiration may be recognized by the victim's _. A. vomiting(呕吐) B. blue color and lack of breathing C. irregular breathing D. unconscious condition 51. When you notice oil on the water near your vessel while taking on fuel, you should FIRST _. A. stop loading B. notify the senior deck officer C. notify the terminal superintendent D. determine whether your vessel is the source 52. The flash point of a liquid refers to the temperature _. A. at which a liquid will give off inflammable（易燃的） vapors B. at which a liquid will burn steadily C. at which a liquid will explode D. that a liquid must reach before it will flow readily 53. Why is it necessary to have routine testing of the cooling water? A. To ensure that the proper residuals of treatment chemicals, as specified, are maintained all time. B. To trace leakage in the cooling water system. C. It is not necessary. D. To detect the presence of contaminants in the water that may be injurious to the cooling system. 54. “AMIDSHIPS ” refers to_. A. Back of the vessel B. The middle portion of a ship C. A backward movement of a vessel D. Across the ship, at right angles to the fore-and-aft centerline 55. _, the second one will start automatically. A. If the first stand-by set failed B. If the first stand-by set fails C. If the first stand-by set will fail D. If the first stand-by set doesnt fail 56. The additional mark _in the Classification Certificate for Machinery means propulsion apparatus is remotely controlled on the navigating bridge control station, and engine assembly control station is unmanned periodically. A. BRC B. MCC C. AUT-0 D. AUT-1 57. The core(核心) item in the Oil Record Book Part I is_, and its main content is_. A. Item A, BALLAST OR CLEANING OF FUEL OIL TANKS B. Item B, DISCHARGE OF DIRTY BALLAST OR CLEANING WATER FROM FUEL OIL TANKS REFERRED TO UNDER SECTION(A) C. Item C, DISPOSAL OF OIL RESIDUES(SLUDGE) D. Item H, BUNKERING OF FUEL OIL 58. A shipboard oil pollution emergency plan is required of _. A. all vessels, regardless of size and commercial application B. any barge or other ship which is constructed or operated