初中英语仁爱版八年级上册知识点重点归纳与习题精炼.doc

初中英语仁爱版八年级上册知识点重点归纳与习题精炼 egin the racein the basketball game 6give up放弃。注意应该把介词放在中间。eggive it up，give up doing sth放弃做某事。 【例11】(10年莆田中考)Smoking is harmful to people's health, you should_ it_(放弃) 7What a Shame=What a pity真遗憾! 【例12】(10年龙岩中考)一I missed the wonderful basketball Match. ANo problem BWhat a pity C. Not at allSection C 1spendcostpaytake (1)spend作“花费”之意时，指花费时间精力财力在某事或某物上，主语是人。 (2)cost主要指花费金钱时间劳力精力等。主语是某物或某事。其结构是sthcosts sb (3)pay sb，酬谢某人，payfor可等同于spendon，或用cost作同义句转换。e.gHe paid 20 yuan for the dictionary.=He spent 20 yuan on the dictionary=The dictionary cost him 20 yuan. pay for sth为付款eg. He has paid for the coat (4)take一般指花费时间，其主语是名词或动名词，经常用it作形式主语。 【例13】Its take us about a week _the machine Ato mend Bmend Cmended Dmending【考点链接】 spendtakecostpay (1)The girl _thirty yuan on the scarf yesterday (2)How much did that shirt_ you? (3) I_ five dollars for the book just now (4)It_ me two hours to finish my homework every night (5)I'll_ for the tickets (6)They_ half a day visiting the Great Wall【分析比较】 四者都有花费的意思。spend后接金钱或时间，常用结构为sbspends moneytime on sth或sbspends moneytime(in)doing sth。(1)题意为“昨天这个女孩花三十元钱买了条围巾”，故填spent。(6)题意为“他们用了半天参观长城”，故填spent。 cost花费金钱、时间等，主语必须是物或用it作形式主语。(2)题意为“这件衬衫花了你多少钱”，故填cost。 pay常与for连用，主语为人。pay for sthpay money for sth(3)题意为“刚才我花了5美元买这本书”，故填paid。(5)题意为“我会付这些票的饯”，故填pay。 take多指花费时间，常用句型It takes sbsome time to do sth(4)题意为“每晚我要花两个小时来完成作业”，故填takes。 2do exercise=play sports做运动，锻炼 3There be句型的将来时结构为There isare going to be或There will be。注意在There be句型中不能出现表示“有”的have和has。 【例14】There_ a funny film tonight in our schoolWould you like to see with me?I'd like to, but I have to do my homework Ais Bhave Cis going to have Dis going to be 4the high jump跳高 the long jump跳远 5sure (1)be sure that+从句egI am sure that he is right (2)sbbe sure to do sth某人一定会做某事。强调说话人的语气。egThey are sure to come early=I am sure that they will come early (3)be sure ofabout sthdoing sth“确信”，表示主语对有把握。egI am sure of success=I am sure I will succeed (4)用在祈使句里Be sure(not)to do sth一定(不)做某事 egBe sure to come here early 【例l5】(10年福州中考) I'm not sure_ there are living things on other planets or notEven scientists aren't sure about it Awhether Bwhere Cwhy 6make的用法。(1)make sbdo sth使某人做某事。被动语态中要还原to。(2)“make sbsth+形容词”使某人或某物处于某种状态。egThe rainy days make me sad(3)make sthfor sbmake sbsth为某人制作 【例16】His words made us_(feel)uncomfortable 7be good for“对有益”，反义词组是be bad for“对有害”。 8keep healthy=keep fit保持健康 【例17】_(保持健康)is very important for US because health is everythingSection D 1play against跟进行比赛egWould you like to play against us?【考点链接】 play withplay againstplay for (1)Our team will_ Class Three next Saturday (2)A group of kids were_ a ball in the street (3)Does Yao Ming_ the Houston Rockets in the NBA?【分析比较】play with玩耍，游戏，玩乐，与玩耍。(2)题意为“孩子们在玩球”，故填playing with。 play against同比赛。(1)题意为“两个队比赛”，故填play against。 play for为效力。(3)题意为“姚明在NBA 为休斯敦火箭队打球吗?”，故填play for。 2leavefor离开某地去某地leave for=set off for出发去某地 【例18】(10年龙岩中考)I'm leaving for Shanghai to visit the Expo 2010 this weekend_ AWell done BI hope so CHave a good tripe 3一般将来时 (1)含义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或是存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow，soon，later on，next time(week，month，year，Sunday)等。 (2)结构为be going to do sth或will do sth。There be句型的将来时结构为There isare going to be或There will be。注意在There be句型中不能出现表示“有”的havehas。 (3)表示位置移动的动词go, come，leave，fly，start等可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。其中go和come一定要用现在进行时表示将来。 【例19】(10年河北中考)This term_ overThe summer vacation is coming in two weeks Ais Bwas Chas been Dwill be 【例20】(10年重庆中考)If you_ to the 2010 Shanghai Expo next week，I will go with you Ago Bhas gone Cwill go Dare going【习题精练】词汇 A根据句意和汉语提示填写单词。 1would you like to_(参加)the school English club? 2Yaoming will play for our national_ (队) 3A lot of people like the song very muchIt's very_ (流行) 4You can_(放松)yourself when you listen to music after a day's work 5Kate's father is_(出发)for Beijing the day after tomorrow B根据汉语提示及句子意思补全句子。 1What does Joan want to be when she_(长大) 2Our class will_ (与比赛)the Class Four football team. 3Do you know what the best way to_(保持健康)is? 4Please come and _us_ (为加油) 5They all took part in the 2002_ _(世界杯)单项选择 1(10年武汉中考)It was a difficult time，but we never_ hope Aput up Bgave up Cpicked up D. used up 2(10年宁德中考)The nice toy is much too expensive，I can't_ it Aspend Bpay Cafford 3(10年龙岩中考)How much did you pay for the new car? It_ me more than 300，000 yuan Acost Bspent Cmade 4(10年兰州中考)Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby _ Ato stop crying Bstop crying Cto stop to cry Dstop to cry 5(10年南京中考) I hear Sam has gone to Qingdao for his holiday. Oh，how nice! Do you know when he_ ? Aleft Bleft for Cwas leaving D. was leaving for 6(10年江西中考) Hello，SandyThis is JackWhat are you doing? I'm watching a matchIt started at 7 pmand_ on for another half an hour Ahas been Bwas C. had been Dwill be 7(09年厦门中考) Yeah，our team_ the match Well done! Congratulations Abeat Bfailed Cwon 8(09年扬州中考) what a heavy rain! So it isI prefer_ at home_ on such a rainy day Awatch TV；to go out Bwatch TV；go out Cwatching TV；to going out Dto watch TV；going out 9(09年福州中考)Papermaking is_ of ancient China Aone of greatest inventor Bone of the greatest inventors Cone of greatest invention Done of the greatest inventions 10(09年泉州中考) Is the man in black pants your teacher? Yes，he_ us biology since last year Awill teach Bhas taught Cis teaching 11(09年漳州中考) I'm sorry I can't find the library book I'm afraid you have to_ it Asend for Bcall for Cpay for Dwait for 12(08年龙岩中考) I missed the Same Song yesterday _ I know that you like the program best AI am afraid not BWhat a pity CI think so 13(08年龙岩中考)Rather than_ on a crowded bus，he always prefers to school Ato ride；walk Briding；walk Cride；to walk 14(08年厦门中考) Would you like some milk in your tea? Yes，pleaseBut just_ Alittle Ba little Ca few 15(07年云南中考)The twins are talking about the book Who Moved My CheeseIt's fun to _ Ajoin Bjoin in Ctake part in D. enter(10年泉州中考)完形填空 The holiday season is a wonderful time to stay with the family and to enjoy delicious food you like 1 of allBut along with many joys of the holiday，there is also quite 2 stress. Doing exercises is an excellent way 3 such stressTraveling，shopping and many other exercises as well as eating well are also good for 4 Here are some holiday trips 5 will prevent you from getting weight.·Walk for a while every dayTake the stairs instead of 6 the lift·Make time for 7 Even a quick breakfast，like fruits for juice，whole-grain cereal(谷类食品)，and milk，can prevent hunger 8 the day ·Drink at least eight glasses of water every dayBecause 9 water prevent hunger and tirednessYou can choose good drinks like water，juice and tea ·Eat at least five kinds of fruits and vegetables every day 10 you want to eat something between breakfast and lunch，pick fruits and vegetables，they are good snacksWish all of you a very healthy and happy holiday season ! 1Awell Bbetter Cbest 2Alittle Ba lot of Cmany 3Afight Bto fight Cfighting 4Awork Bstudy Chealth 5Athat Bwhat Cwho 6Awaiting for Blooking at Cchecking over 7Asupper Blunch Cbreakfast 8Aafter Bduring Cbefore 9Aenough Bhot Cclean 10ABut BIf CBecause【考点解析】Topic 2 Would you mind passing me some water?Section A 1wouldcouldwill you(please)do sth“请你做好吗?”表示委婉请求对方做某事，否定结构是wouldcouldwill you(please)not do sth。egWould you please not play the piano loudly? 【例1】(10年陕西中考)Hi，JackWould you please_ the picture on the wall? Ato put up Bput up Cset up D. to set up 2fall ill“生病”，be ill“生病的”，强调一种状态。feel ill“感觉不舒服”，强调一种身体感受。fall down摔倒，跌倒。【考点链接】 sickill (1)The_ child needs help (2)His grandma is still_ in bed【分析比较】sick“生病的，有病的”。主要用于美式英语，可以用作定语，也可以用作表语。故(1)和(2)两题都可以填sick。 ill与sick同义，ill主要用于英式英语，且通常不作定语，只用作表语。故(1)不能填ill，只有(2)可填ill。 3mind的用法 (1)作动词，表示“介意”，常用于疑问句或否定句中。其结构是mind sbsthdoing sth。egI don't mind a little more homeworkWould you mind memy smoking here?=Would you mind if I smoke here? 对would you mind sbsb's doing sth及“would you mind if+从句”的回答，如果是表达“会介意”，可用Yes，you'd better notI am sorry but I do如果表达“不会介意”，可用No，not at allNever mindIt doesn't matterNo，of course not (2)用于提出建议。Would you mind doing sthwould you mind not doing sth? 对Would you mind doing sth的回答可以用Of course not，I will do it right awaySorryI will do it right away对would you mind not doing sth的回答可以用Sorry，I won't do it againI'm sorry about that (3)作动词，“注意，当心”。egMind the wet paint (4)作名词，“思想”。set one's mind to do sthon sth专注于做某事 【例2】(10年宁德中考)My grandparents are sleeping in the bedroomWould you mind my_ TV? Certainly notWe can go out for a walk Aturning on B. turning off Cturning up 【例3】(10年安徽中考)I hope you don't mind my opening the window _.It's much too hot in here ACertainly BOf course not CAll right DNever mind 4be gladhappy to do sth乐意做某事 【例4】I think everyone is glad_ more friendsYou know，more friends，more roads Amake Bmaking Cto make Dmakes 5practice sthdoing sth练习做某事 【例5】(09年上海中考)Susan finally became a popular singer after she practiced for years Asing Bto sing C. singing DsangSection B 1be always doing sth老是，含有抱怨的感情色彩。egLiu Ming is always fighting with his friends 【例6】Tom，don't be always _for schoolI am very sorryI won't Abe late Blate Cbeing late Dlating 2careless形容词，反义词是careful。carelessly副词，反义词是carefully 【例7】(09年上海中考)Be careful! There's some broken glass on the groundThe underlined part means_ ALook out BGo ahead CGet ready DKeep quiet 3chance机会have a chance to do sth有机会做某事get a chance to do sth得到一个机会做某事 【例8】(08年潍坊中考)I am sure I can make it better，if our teacher_ me a second chance A. give Bgave Cgives Dwill give 4What do you mean by sthdoing sth?=What's the meaning of sthdoing sth? 【例9】What do you mean by the word?(同意句转换) What's the_ _ word? 5shout at sb朝某人喊叫，含有生气或气愤的感情。shout to sb朝某人喊叫，只是为了使对方听到，没有感情色彩。 【例10】You mustn't shout the old peopleIt's not polite Ato Bwith Cof Dat【考点链接】 shout atshout to (1)The children_ the driver，but he did not hear them (2)If you don't stop_ me，I'll come and hit you【分析比较】 at和to与同一动词搭配时，意义有很大的区别。shout to sb表示“大声叫某人”，多因距离远，声音小听不见。(1)题意为“孩子们对着司机喊叫着，但是他没听见。”故填shouted to。shout at sb则表示“生气地或故意地对某人大喊大叫。”(2)题意为“你要是不停止冲着我叫嚷，我就过去揍你。”故填shouting at。 6fight with sb=have a fight with sb与某人打架 7be angry with sb意为“生某人的气”，如： He was angry with himself for having made such foolish mistakes. 他因犯如此愚蠢的错误而感到气恼。【链接】(1) be angry at 对某人的言行感到气愤，如： He was angry at the student. 他因为这个学生的言行而生气。 (2) be angry about sth. 对某事感到生气，如： He was angry about so much traffic in the street. 他对街上交通拥挤感到气恼。 【例11】(09年衡阳中考) Are you_ with your sister? Yes，she is always late for school Asatisfied Bangry Cstrict 8do one's best to do sth=try to do sth尽力做某事 9say sorryhellogoodbye to sb向某人道歉问候，道别 【例12】(10年桂林中考)How is your father? Please say hello to_ for me Ashe Bhim Cit Dher 10befeel sorry forto do为而抱歉(难过) 11keep的用法 (1)keep sbdoing sth使某人一直做某事egI am sorry to keep you waiting so long (2)“keep sbsth+宾补+adj”使某人某物处于某种状态 egThe other students must keep their eyes closed (3)“keep sbsth+宾补+adv”使某人某物处于某种状态 egYou'd better keep the children away from the fire (4)keep doing sth继续不断做某事egThe little baby kept crying all the timekeep on doing sth反复不断地做某事，着重指动作的反复进行。egDon't give up hopeKeep on trying (5)“keep+表语”，表示保持继续(处于某种状态) egkeep fithealthy (6)赡养egMy father keeps a big family (7)保存，保留egHow long can I keep the book? 【例13】We should always_ our classroom. Amix；up Bkeep；clean Cmake；fit Dkeep；healthy 12turn down调低音量turn up调高音量turn on打开turn off关上 注意代词都要放在中间。 【例14】(10年重庆中考)Please_ the TVMother is working. Aturn off Bturn on Cput off Dput on【考点链接】 turn onturn offturn upturn down (1)Remember to_ the lights before leaving the room (2)Please_ the light for me，it's getting dark (3)I feel a little cold and I'd like to_ the heat(暖气)a little (4)Please_ the radio a little，I'm trying to sleep【分析比较】turn on“打开(水龙头、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等)”。(2)题意为“请帮我把灯打开，天黑了。”故填turn on。 turn off“关掉(水龙头、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等)”。(1)题意为“离开房间前记得要关灯。”故填turn off。 turn up“开大，调高”。(3)题意为“我感到有点儿冷，我想把暖气开大一点儿。”故填turn up。 turn down“减少，关小”。(4)题意为“请把收音机关小一点儿，我想睡觉。”故填turn down。 需要注意的是turn downturn up可以搭配表示程度的副词，如：a little。而turn onturn off不能搭配程度副词。 13in a minuteright awayat once立刻，马上 14对sorry的回答可以是That's OK(all right)It doesn't matterNever mindNot at all 【例l5】(10年上海中考)一I'm really sorry to have broken your coffee cup_ AGood idea BThat's all right CI don't think so DYou are welcomeSection C 1love doingto do sth喜欢做某事 2excitingexcited exciting指使人感到兴奋的事 excited是指人对感到兴奋【例16】(10年福州中考) Lin Tao，why are you so_? Because Wang Meng got three gold medals at the Winter Olympics Aexcited Bangry Cdi