全国职称英语考试 理工类B级 阅读理解押题 综合李、王、孙等老师押题.doc

第二十九篇： I'll Be BachComposer David Cope(第1题关键词) is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music(第1题答案出处). It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most people can't tell the difference区别 between music by the famous 著名的German composer作曲家 J. S. Bach (1685-1750) and the Bach-like类似巴赫 compositions作品, from Cope's computer.作曲家大卫 · 科普发明了一个计算机软件，它能编写出古典音乐的原创作品。科普花了 30 年才完成这个软件。现在，科普的计算机写出的作品与德国著名作曲家 J . S巴赫写的作品很相似，很少有人能分辨出其中的不同。It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope(第2题关键词) was trying to write an opera(第2题答案出处). He was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program 程序to create the melodies旋律. At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers' brains work like big databases. First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left. According to Cope, only the great composers(第3题关键词) are able to create the database accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns 模式from it. (第3题答案出处)这一切始于 1980 年的美国，那时科普正在写一部歌剧，但是他无法创作出新的旋律，于是他编写了一个计算机软件来帮他编曲。最开始的时候，软件写出的乐曲并不动听。科普是怎么做的呢？他开始重新考虑人们作曲的方式。他想到作曲家的大脑就像一个大数据库，他们先是吸收他们听过的所有音乐，然后去除他们不喜欢的，最后再根据留下的音乐来创作出新的旋律。科普认为，只有伟大的作曲家才能建立好的数据库，并且能熟记于心，从而创作出新的音乐。Cope built a huge database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data: it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the pieces into new patterns. Before long, the program could compose short Bach-like works. They weren't good, but it was a start.科普根据现有的音乐建立了庞大的数据库。最开始的时候，数据库包含了几百部巴赫的作品。科普的软件将这些数据进行分析：首先它将音乐拆解成小的片段，从中找出固定模式，然后将片段组合成新的模式。不久，这个软件就能够写出和巴赫风格很像的小曲子。它们并不完美，但这只是个开始。Cope knew he had more work to do - he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyze more complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work ,to the database.科普知道，他要做的还有很多 他得写出一整部歌剧。他进一步完善他的软件，不久它就能够写出更复杂的音乐了。他还在数据库中加人了一些其他作曲家的作品，其中也包括他自己的作品。A few years later, Cope's computer program程序(第4题答案出处), called "Emmy"(第4题关键词), was ready to help him with his opera. The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great success! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.几年后，科普的软件“艾米”已经能够帮助他创作歌剧了。创作过程需要作曲家和艾米共同配合。科普聆听艾米写出的音乐片段，从中选取他认为好的。有了艾米的帮助，科普只用了两个星期就完成了这部歌剧，叫作摇篮坠落 。演出获得巨大成功，科普也得到了他有生以来最高的评价，但是没有人知道他究竟是怎样创作出这部歌剧的。Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music, but she is doing most of the hard work of composing (第5题答案出处)these days!从那以后，艾米已经写了上千部作品。科普现在依然会给艾米反馈，告诉她自己哪些音乐是他喜欢的，哪些是不喜欢的，但是现在大部分的工作是由艾米来完成的！练习：1. The music composed by David Cope is aboutA) classical music 古典音乐B) pop music 流行音乐C) drama 戏剧D) country music 乡村音乐2. By developing a computer software软件, David Cope aimedA) to be like BachB) to study BachC) to write an opera歌剧D) to create a musical database 数据库3. What did Cope realize about a great 伟大的composer's brain?A) It works like a big database.B) It writes a computer program.C) It can recognize识别 any music patterns.D) It can create melodies.旋律4. Who is Emmy?A) a databaseB) a computer software软件C) a composer who helped DavidD) an opera5. We can infer推断 from the passage thatA) David Cope is a computer programmerB) David Cope loves musicC) Bach's music helped him a lotD) Emmy did much more work than a composer答案与题解：1A第一段的第一句：David Cope发明了一个可以编写出古典音乐的电脑软件。2c从第二段的第一句可以看出，David编写电脑软件的目的是写歌剧。A、B和D都属于创作歌剧的一部分。3D第二段的后半部分讲的是伟大的歌剧作者与一般的歌剧作者的不同之处是通过对数据进行准确的构建、记忆而后创作出新的音乐形式。4B从第五段第一句可知Emmy是一计算机软件。 5D从本文第一句可知David是一个作曲家，不是计算机程序员，所以排除A；B、C内容没有提及；从本文的第五段和第六段可知，Emmy大大提高了David的创作速度，最后一句，大部分困难的工作都由Emmy来做，所以作曲家只干一小部分工作。提问答案1. The music composed by David Cope is aboutDavid Cope 创作的音乐是有关于2. By developing a computer software, David Cope aimed通过开发电脑软件，David Cope的目标是3. What did Cope realize about a great composer's brain?Cope 认为伟大作曲家的大脑？4. Who is Emmy?谁是Emmy？5. We can infer from the passage that通过文章可以推测出1、classical music古典音乐2、to write an opera写歌剧3、It can create melodies.能够创造旋律4、a computer software一种电脑软件5、Emmy did much more work than a composer Emmy所做的工作远多于作曲家译文:我也能成为巴赫作曲家大卫 · 科普发明了一个计算机软件，它能编写出古典音乐的原创作品。科普花了 30 年才完成这个软件。现在，科普的计算机写出的作品与德国著名作曲家 J . S巴赫写的作品很相似，很少有人能分辨出其中的不同。这一切始于 1980 年的美国，那时科普正在写一部歌剧，但是他无法创作出新的旋律，于是他编写了一个计算机软件来帮他编曲。最开始的时候，软件写出的乐曲并不动听。科普是怎么做的呢？他开始重新考虑人们作曲的方式。他想到作曲家的大脑就像一个大数据库，他们先是吸收他们听过的所有音乐，然后去除他们不喜欢的，最后再根据留下的音乐来创作出新的旋律。科普认为，只有伟大的作曲家才能建立好的数据库，并且能熟记于心，从而创作出新的音乐。科普根据现有的音乐建立了庞大的数据库。最开始的时候，数据库包含了几百部巴赫的作品。科普的软件将这些数据进行分析：首先它将音乐拆解成小的片段，从中找出固定模式，然后将片段组合成新的模式。不久，这个软件就能够写出和巴赫风格很像的小曲子。它们并不完美，但这只是个开始。科普知道，他要做的还有很多 他得写出一整部歌剧。他进一步完善他的软件，不久它就能够写出更复杂的音乐了。他还在数据库中加人了一些其他作曲家的作品，其中也包括他自己的作品。几年后，科普的软件“艾米”已经能够帮助他创作歌剧了。创作过程需要作曲家和艾米共同配合。科普聆听艾米写出的音乐片段，从中选取他认为好的。有了艾米的帮助，科普只用了两个星期就完成了这部歌剧，叫作摇篮坠落 。演出获得巨大成功，科普也得到了他有生以来最高的评价，但是没有人知道他究竟是怎样创作出这部歌剧的。从那以后，艾米已经写了上千部作品。科普现在依然会给艾米反馈，告诉她自己哪些音乐是他喜欢的，哪些是不喜欢的，但是现在大部分的工作是由艾米来完成的！ 第十九篇 Musical音乐的 Robot机器人 Companion伴侣 Enhances提升 Listener听众 Experience体验Shimi, a musical companion developed开发by Georgia Techs技术学院Center中心for Music Technology技术, recommends songs, dances to the beat and keeps the music pumping based on基于 listener feedback反馈. （第4题答案出处）The smartphone-enabled, one-foot-tall robot（第1题答案出处1） is billed as an interactive 互动的“musical friend”.（第3题答案出题1）“Shimi is designed to change the way that people enjoy and think about their music，” said Professor Gil Weinberg, the robots creator. He will unveil the robot at the June 27th Google I/O conference in San Francisco. A band of three Shimi robots will perform for guests, dancing in sync with music created in the lab and composed according to its movements.Shimi is essentially a docking station with a “brain” powered by an Android phone. Once docked, the robot gains the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the users mobile device. In other words, if theres an “app” for that, Shimi is ready. For instance, by using the phones camera and face-detecting software，Shimi can follow a listener around the room and position its “ears”，or speakers, for optimal sound. Another recognition feature is based on rhythm and tempo. If the user taps a beat, Shimi analyzes it, scans the phones musical library and immediately plays the song that best最好的matches（第2题答案出处） the suggestion. Once the music starts，Shimi dances to the rhythm.“Many people think that robots are limited by their programming instructions, said Music Technology Ph. D. candidate Mason Bretan. “Shimi shows us that robots can be creative and interactive. （第3题答案出题2） Future apps in the works will allow the user to shake their head in disagreement or wave a hand in the air to alert Shimi to skip to the next song or increase/decrease the volume. The robot will also have the capability to recommend new music based on the users song choices and provide feedback on the music play list.Weinberg hopes other developers will be inspired to create more apps to expand Shimis creative and interactive capabilities. “I believe that our center is ahead of a revolution that will see more robots in homes.” Weinberg said.Weinberg is in the process of commercializing Shimi through an exclusive licensing agreement with Georgia Tech. Weinberg hopes to make the robot available to consumers by the 2013 holiday season. “If robots are going to arrive in homes, we think that they will be this kind of machines- small, entertaining and fun，（第5题答案出处）Weinberg said. “They will enhance your life and pave the way for more intelligent service robots in our lives.”本文的标题信息量很大，完全可以猜到全文将以“音乐机器人的特点，以及它们如何服务人类”的主线进行论述。练习：1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs? -对错类A Shimi is a one-foot-tall robot.B Shimi is the creator创造者of the musical companion.C Shimi is a docking station with a“ brain” powered by an Android phone.D Shimi can gain the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the users mobile device.由于此对错题没有关键词，且涉及到文章前三段，排除范围会比较大。但可通过选项中的醒目词反向定位关键词找到答案的位置，排除选项A、C。结合“有相对性词往往是对的概念”，排除选项D。2.What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat? -细节类A It stores the beat in the musical library.B It transmits the beat to the docking station.C It positions its speakers for optimal sound.D It selects a perfectly完美的-matched匹配的song and plays it in sync with that beat.选项D与答案出处的原文是同义替换，不确定的情况下可借助字典排查3.Which of the following about Shimi is true? -对错类A Robots are limited by their programming instructions, and Shimi is no exception.B Present apps allow the user to shake their head to alert Shimi to skip to the next song.C Existing apps allow the user to wave a hand to alert Shimi to turn up/down the volume.D Shimi can be creative创造性的 and interactive互动的.有相对性词的优先考虑，由于about后为Shimi（机器人名），出现频率过高，需仔细寻找。4.What does the author want to tell us? -主题类A The research研究center中心is developing开发a stronger更强大的and more versatile多才多艺的Shimi.B Weinberg only expects staffs from Georgia Tech. to develop more apps for Shimi.C Shimi is not yet technologically ready for commercialization.D Robots such as Shimi are created for large corporations rather than homes.出现“author”一般为主题类题型，选答案时应结合文章中心句5.Which of the following is Weinbergs assertion主张?-态度观点类A Shimi as a robotic musical companion can be applied to all types of smart phones.B human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes.待添加的隐藏文字内容3C Shimi's creative and interactive capabilities are appreciated by most of its users.D Weinberg has reached an agreement with Georgia Tech to commercialize Shimi.通过“assertion主张”将该题分类为态度观点类题，答案在全文倒数第二句话