介词关系代词（定从）课件.ppt

介词,+,关系代词,引导的定语从句,?,定语从句概念,：,在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用的从,句,有时也可以修饰一个句子。定语从句一般放在被修饰成,分之后,?,先行词,：,被修饰或限制的名词或代词,?,关系词：,引导定语从句的词,Harry Porter is a,boy,who,has magic power.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,关系副词,where,when,，,why,关系代词,只代人,who,whom,只代物,which,人和物,whose,that,?,1,：,She is the girl_lives next door,?,2:The work_has just been finished is very,important.,?,3:This is the book_I want to read.,?,4:That is the girl_I teach.,?,5:This is the house_window broke last week,?,6,:,4:This is the only film_that intresting me.,非限制性定语从句,?,非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，在句子中不充,当成分，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，它与主句往,往用逗号隔开,?,1:My gardener,，,_ is very pessimistic,，,says that,there will be no apples this year.,?,2:These apple trees,，,_ I planted three years ago,，,have not borne any fruit.,?,3:He was late again,_made the teacher very unhappy.,?,4:Peter,_ you met in London,is now back in Paris.,?,5:The boy,_ father is an engineer,studies very hard.,?,6:The play,，,_ style is rigidly formal,，,is typical of the,period.,?,1.,首先分清主句和定语从句,?,2.,确定定语从句的先行词,?,3.,把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语,从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语,或状语）,?,4.,若先行词在从句中做,主语、宾语或定语,则选,择,关系代词,，若在从句中做,状语,，则选择,关,系副词,。,Tom is,the clever,est,boy,that,I have ever,known.,This is,the first,play,that,I have seen since I,came here.,序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时,先行词被,every,some,no,all,any,little,much,等修,饰时。,Ive read,all,the books,that,you lend me.,everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much,等,不定代词,作先行词时,Everything,that,we saw in this film was true.,先行词被,the only,the very,the same,the last,修饰时,。,This is,the very,book,that,belongs to him.,主句已有,who,或,which,时,Who,is the girl,that,is standing under the tree?,Which,is the machine,that,we used last Sunday.,当先行词同时指,人,和,物,时,Ive never heard of the,people,and,things,that,you,talked about just now,.,介词,+,关系代词,介词,+,关系代词与,when,、,where,或,why,转换,关系副词：在句中作状语,关系副词,=,介词,+,关系代词,先行词,时间,地点,reason,在从句中的成分,时间,状语,地点,状语,原因,状语,关系副词,when,where,why,?,关系,代词,在定语从句中,作主语、宾语,?,关系,副词,在定语从句中,作状语,(1)when,指时间，在从句中作,。,when=during/on/in/.which,(,介词同先行词搭配,),(2)where,指地点，在从句中作,。,where=in/at/on/.which,(,介词同先行词搭配,),(3)why,的先行词只有,reason,，,why,在从句中作,why=for which,(4),先行词指物时，,whose=the+n.of which,。,?,1:This is,the house,in which/where,he used to live.,?,2:The days _ we used foreign oil are gone forever.,?,先行词是表示原因的名词，,即,reason,，,在定语从句中充当原因,状语，,用,why,，,这时一般可以用,for,which,来代替,:,when,=on which,3:I dont know,the reason,why/for which,he did it.,The reason,why/for which,he was fired was not clear,介词,+,关系代词,引导的定语从句,直接位于介词之后的,关系代词,只能是,which,或,whom,，构成,介词,+which,（指物）；介词,+whom,（指人）,两种结构。,【,例】,The man,to whom,you talk just now is a famous runner.,【例】,The service,about which,the students complain a lot,should be improved.,【例】,He is a library assistant,from whom,I borrowed some,books.,【例】,It is a famous school,from which,he graduated 3 years,ago.,【例】,The chair,on which,he is sitting now is made of wood.,如何选用介词？,1),根据,先行词,的搭配习惯来决定。,1,.I never forget the days,during which,I studied hard.,2.I never forget the day,on which,I went to college.,3.I never forget the year,in which,I went to college.,2),根据定语从句中,谓语动词,的习惯搭,配来决定。,to/with/about whom,1.Do you know the girl_ our head teacher is talking?,talking to/with/about the girl,2.I cant find my dictionary _I paid over$100.,for which,pay for the dictionary,3.This is the good car_ _I spent all my money.,on which,spend money on the car,to whom,4.She is the teacher _all his students show respect.,show respect to the teache,5.The teacher_ _you have been waiting is coming in a minute.,for whom,waiting for the teacher,3),根据定语从句所表达的,意义,来确定,.,A,ir,_ which man cant live,is really important.,without,with,The pen _which he is writing now was bought yesterday.,如何选用介词？,?,考虑三个因素,:,“,一先,二动,三意义,”,4).,看定语从句中,形容词与介词的搭配,with,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am,not very familiar.,“,介词,+,关系代词”定语从句考点,恰当的简单介词,+,关系代词,with whom,1:She is a girl _you can share your sorrow and,happiness.,for,2.The book,_which he paid 6 yuan,is worth reading.,1,.The day which I was to start arrived at last.,on,2,.I have known the reason which she is so,for,worried.,which,3,.The house in where we live is very large.,4,.This is the word that you should pay attention.,to which,5,.I have a book,whose the cover is very,of which,beautiful.,6.He has two sons,both of them are doctors.,whom,作业练习,-,定从,