新目标人教版八年级英语下册unit3全单元知识点总结归纳及练习.doc

Unit3 Could you please clean your room?Section A重点短语 go out for dinner 出去吃饭stay out late 在外面待到很晚go to the movies 去看电影get a ride 搭车work on 从事finish doing sth. 完成做某事clean and tidy 干净整洁do the dishes 洗餐具take out the rubbish 倒垃圾fold your/the clothes 叠衣服sweep the floor 扫地make your/the bed 整理床铺clean the living room 打扫客厅no problem 没问题welcome sb. 欢迎某人come home fro m school/ work放学/下班回家throw down 扔下sit down 坐下come over 过来take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步all the time 一直;总是all day/evening 整曰/夜do housework 做家务shout back 大声回应walk away 走开.share the housework 分担家务a comfortable home 一个舒适的家in surprise 惊讶地get something to drink 拿点喝的东西watch one show 观看一个节目hang out 闲逛pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人get sth. wet 使某物弄湿hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事do chores 做杂务help sb. (to ) d o /with sth 帮助某人干某事bring a tent带顶帐篷来buy some snacks买些小吃go to the store去商店invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事enough stress足够的压力waste of time浪费时间in order to为了get good grades取得好成绩mind doing sth. 介意做某事depend on依赖;依靠develop childrens independence发展孩子的独立性look after/take care of 照顾；照看do ones part in (doing ) sth.做某人分内的事二、重点句型1. Could you please.do sth. ?Could you please clean your room?你能整理一下你的房间吗？2. I have to do some work.我必须干些活。3. Could I+ do sth. ?Could I use your computer?我可以用一下你的电脑吗？4. She won t be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the T V .我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth.I hate to do chores.1.Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？【解析1】Could you please do sth ?请你（做）.好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I cant【解析2】take out 取出（v+ adv） 【注】: 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间； 跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边【短语】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走 take back 收回 take place 发生 take off 脱下； 起飞The gift is in the box. You can take it out.2. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？do the dishes 洗碗 【结构1】do the +名词： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服 【结构2】do the +动词-ing do the cleaning 打扫卫生 【结构3】do ones + 名词 do ones housework/ homework 做家务/家庭作业 【结构4】do some +动词-ing do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物3. Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？【解析1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做.吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。 Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?【解析2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至少，不超过【解析3】finish v 结束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事4. I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。【解析1】two hours of TV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 How time is flies! Three years _(be) really a short time.作形容词 足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）【解析2】enough I dont have enough money with me.作 副词 足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后） The river is deep enough for swimming. 【记】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isnt kind enough to help others.【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。 5. Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes? 你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？【解析】take out 拿出；取出take 的用法：拿；取Please take some books to the classroom. 吃；喝；服用 Take this medicine three times a day.乘（车；船等）take They usually take the bus to work.花费（时间；金钱） It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.【拓展】take 构成的短语：take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下；起飞take up 占据 take down 拿下 take ones time 不急；慢慢来take ones temperature 量体温6. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over . 我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一. 就.” Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front ofin front of 指在物体外部的前面 There is a bike in front of the classroom.【辨析】 in the front of 指在物体内部的前面 Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 【记】 The driver sat _ the car. The policeman stood _ the car.【注意】有the无the区别大： at table 吃饭；进餐 at the tabel 在桌边 in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院（不一定看病）【解析3】come over 过来 【拓展】 come 短语：come across（偶然）发现 come back 回来 come up with想出 come true实现 come down下来 come from=be from来自,出生于come in/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come along走吧,过来,快点come and go来来去去 come up上来 come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！【解析】all the time = always 一直；总是【拓展】与time相关的短语： on time 按时 in time 及时 at the same time同时 form time to time偶尔 the first time 第一次 at times 有时 time and time again 一再；经常 last time上次 next time 下次8. Im just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累！【解析】as.as . 和.一样. 【注】比较级倍数表达句型为：倍数+as+形容词、副词原级+as+比较对象【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。题干主语中心词为介词短语as well as之前的musician， 故谓语使用单数9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人（主语） 也不” neither两者都不 neither nor 既不也不,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student 表达“也不” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. 第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语【注】find found found v寻找 (1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事 (2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难11. She asked in surprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地surprise v 使吃惊surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 surprised adj. 吃惊的 to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对感到吃惊12. “ Im do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied. “对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。” 我回答说。【解析1】need v 需要用于肯定句，是实义动词。(1)人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词(1)neednt = dont have to 没有必要(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用neednt Must I go there now? Yes，you must/No, you needntshare sth 分享或共用某物share sth with sb. 与某人分享某物13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？【解析】hang out 闲逛 hang up 把.悬挂/挂起14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】pass v 给；递；走过；通过 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某人 Pass on 传递 Please pass the paper on to the other students. v 通过；路过 I pass your home. v 通过（考试） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】borrow /lend/keep (1)borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】 borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,与to 搭配 【指借出去】 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 He doesnt want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】【记】 I want to _ a bike from my friend but he didnt _ it to me, Because Tom had _ it for two days.16. I cut my finger and Im trying not to get it wet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。【解析】try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。 try v 试图，设法，努力 【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 (3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】(4)try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事17. I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。【解析】hate to do sth 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。 I hate to trouble him. hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。 She hates smoking in her room. 18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。ask for 请求，要某物 ask sb. about sth 向某人询问关于某事 (1)ask sb. for help 向某人请求帮助 (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth请求某人做某事 ask构成的短语：短语含义ask sb. to do sth请某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不让某人做某事ask sb for sth 向某人要某物ask for help 寻求帮助19.Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的家庭作业。【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事【解析2】while conj. “在期间； 当的时候”While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。【解析3】help sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人。【注】help v 帮助 helpful adj. 有帮助的(1)help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事(2)with the help of sb.=with ones help在某人的帮助之下(3)without the help of 没有在的帮助之下单选练习【 湖北黄冈3】40.Could I borrow your camera? _，but please give it back by Saturday. A. I am sorry B. Of course C. Certainly not D. No, thanks【潍坊】3. I have two sisters, but _of them is a teacher.A. all B. neither C. both D. none临沂1】21. When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should go to an open area as _ as possible. A. quicklyB. quietlyC. loudlyD. slowly【玉林1】56. Liu Ying is good at singing. She sings _the famous singer, CoCo. A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as D. as the best as【浙江绍兴】6.Which magazine do you like better, Crazy Reading or Teens space? I like _of them. They are useful for English lessons. A. none B. neither C. all D. both 【十堰】D27. Which do you prefer, a CD player or a walkman?_. I prefer a portable computer. A. Both B. EitherC. None D. Neither【山东菏泽1】15.Sir , could you please put out your cigarette? This is a smoke-free（无烟的）school. _ A. I'm sorry about this. B. No problem C. Sure, I'd love to D. Never mind【鞍山】5. The teachers in that school speak either English or French, or even _.That's so cool!A. all B. both C. neither D. none【福建2】23. The famous musician, as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the Taipei Flower Expo.A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited【内蒙古呼和浩特】Tom , would you please _ the box? Its for your sister. A. not open B. dont open C. not to open D. to not open【黑龙江大庆】6. You had better hurry or well be late for the plane. The plane will _ in a few minutes. A. take upB. take downC. take offD. take away【江苏南通4】Now all of us exercise at _ least _ hour a day and outside school. A. the; a B.a; an C.不填；a D.不填；an【宁夏中考1】 You may _ the book for two weeks. A. keep B. borrow C. lend D. buy 【常州中考】He speaks _English _French. Instead, he speaks German.A either; or B not only; but also C both; and D neither; nor【西宁中考2】 Although you like the book, you may only _ it for two weeks. A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. stay.【湖北恩施2】 May I _ your dictionary? Sorry. Li Lei _ it for five days. A. lend; borrowed B. borrow; has kept C. borrow ; has borrowed D. lend; has lent【江西1】26.There are a small number of people involved, possibly _twenty.A. as few asB. as little asC. as many asD. as much as【昭通】 I was very surprised when the alien went into a souvenir shop. A. excited B. amazing C. relaxing D. amazed【安徽1】33. Its said that the power plant is now_ large as what it was. A. twice as B. as twice C. twice much D. much twice【浙江丽水】25. The great writer has written many stories for children. It is said that a new one will _ at the end of this month.A. go out B. come out C. look out D. run out【浙江宁波】24. Scientists are trying their best to _ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.A. come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D. give up【山东东营】Tom didnt go to school _ this morning because he overslept. A. at once B. on time C. by accident D. at present【四川雅安4】8. Can you finish _ these books before 10 o'clock? Yes, I can. A. to read B. read C. reads D. Reading【达州】8. Do you know the girl _ is standing _ the tree? Yes, she is my friend, Zhang Ying.A. that, in the front of B. whom , under C. who, in front of D. which, behind【黄石中考1】I cant play the piano ,and _.A. neither can my sister B. my sister cant , too C. so cant my sister D. can my sister, either【北京中考】Our teacher often asks us _ questions in groups.A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed【广东中考】If Nancy _ the exam , she will go to Australia for English study. A. pass B. passed C. passes D. will pass【山东德州】When you have difficulty, do remember to _ . Two heads are better than one.A. make a decision B. give up C. ask for help D. give advice 【重庆中考】 Mr. Li asks the students _ in the river, because its too dangerous. A. swim B. to swim C. not to swim D. to not swim【无锡中考4】 Dont throw away the waste paper, It needs _ so that it can be reused. A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect D. collecting【广东中考2】 I didnt hear you come in just now. Thats good. We tried _ any noise, for you were sleeping. A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. Making【菏泽中考】_ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach. A. When B. If C. While D. Once【浙江温州2】Ann often helps me _ math after school. A. for B. with C. on D. by 【雅安中考】 Can you finish _ these books before 10 oclock? Yes, I can. A. to read B. read C. reads D. reading 【杭州中考】Sally took a photo of her friends while they _ computer games. A. play B. are playing C. have played D. were playing( ) _ your help, we couldnt catch the thief.A. With B. Under C. For D. Without ( ) I dont like rainy days. _. Rainy days always make me sad.A. Neither do I B. So do I C. Neither I do D. So I do ( )We should try _ much fruit. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats( ) If you have difficulty in learning English, you should ask your teacher or your classmates _ help. A. for B. of C. in D. on( )The young should _ the old _ advice at work. A. ask; for B. ask; to C. ask for; / D. asks; /( ) The first one wasnt bad. _ . A. So wasnt the second B. So the second was C. Neither wasnt the second D. Neither was the second ( ) She found _ hard to finish the work by herself. A. that B. its C. it D. this( )_his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain.A. At B. To C. In D. On ( )You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.A. neednt to come B. dont need come