名师指津高三英语人教版一轮复习ppt课件必修.ppt
话题8:网络时代,名师指津,基础知识自测,一、单词识记,1._ n.管;管子;电子管2._ n.火箭3._ n.目标;(进球)得分4._ n.性格;特点5._ n.教练,coach,tube,rocket,goal,character,6._ n.病毒7._ n.网络;网状物8._ n.侄女;外甥女9._ vt.下载10._ vi.出现;发生,arise,virus,network,niece,download,11._ adj.普遍的12._ adj.可移动的13._ adv.无论如何14._ adj.总的 n.总数15._ v.发信号 n.信号,signal,universal,mobile,anyhow,total,1._ adj.简单的 _ adv.简单地 _ vt.简化 _ n.简单化,二、单词拓展(A)单词派生,simplification,simple,simply,simplify,2._ v.操作;运转;动手术 _ n.操作;运转;手术 _ n.(电脑)操作员;接线员3._ n.工艺;科技;技术 _ adj.技术的,technological,operate,operation,operator,technology,4._ adj.真实的 _ adv.真正地;事实上 _ n.事实;真实 _ v.实现;意识到,realize,real,really,reality,5._ n.人 _ adj.私人的;个人的 _ adv.就个人而言;亲自,personally,person,personal,6._ vi.出现;显得 _ vi.消失 _ n.外观;外貌;出现 _ n.消失,disappearance,appear,disappear,appearance,1.He was _(real)very happy when he _(real)his dream to win the game.,(B)灵活运用 用所给词的适当形式填空。,第一空用来修饰形容词happy,用副词;第二空用来做谓语,用动词。,really,realized,3.This question is too difficult for the children.I think wed better find a way to _(simple)it.根据前面的不定式符号to可知应填动词。,2._(person)speaking,I am satisfied with all the work you have done.修饰动词speaking,用副词。,Personally,simplify,4.It is known to all that personal _(appear)is sometimes very important in finding a job.由空前的形容词personal可知应填名词。,5.After the failure of the _(operate),the doctor felt guilty and resigned.由定冠词the及本句“the failure of+名 词”结构可知,应用名词。,operation,appearance,1._ 从时起2._ 结果3._ 如此以致4._ 毕竟;终究,三、短语翻译,after all,from.on,as a result,so.that.,5._ 在某种程度上6._ 在的帮助下7._ 处理;安排;对付8._ 看守;监视,watch over,in a way,with the help of,deal with,9._ 随着时间的流逝10._ 从20世纪70年代以来11._ 到20世纪40年代为止12._ 跟某人分享某物,share sth.with sb.,as time goes by/with time going by,since the 1970s,by the 1940s,四、语篇填空,My first football competition was in Nagoya,Japan several years ago.Last year our team went to Seattle,Washington in the USA.We won 1 _(two)place.2 _(personal),I think the team that won first place 3 _(cheat).They had developed a new type of program just 4 _the competition.,second,Personally,cheated,before,So we need to encourage our 5 _(program)to improve our intelligence too.We are determined to create an even 6 _(good)system.In a way our programmer is like our coach.She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while 7 _(watch)human games.Then she prepares reliable moves to use 8 _ a new situation arises.,programmer,better,watching,if,In this way I can make up new moves using my“artificial intelligence”.I would really like to play 9 _a human team,for I have been programmed to act just like them.After all,with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything,10 _(use)my intelligence is what Im all about!,against/with,using,1.second 由下句的won first place可知,作者是得了“第二”名,填序数词。2.Personally 放在句首,修饰全句,用副词。3.cheated 在think后的宾语从句的主语是the team,谓语就是cheat,指去年的那场比赛,故用一般过去时。4.before 应是在比赛前开发了一种新程序。5.programmer 在形容词性物主代词后用名词,表示“程序员”。,6.better 由even(更加)和语境可知,下决心编出“更好的”系统。7.watching 在“连词+分词”结构中,句子主语与分词是主动关系用现在分词,是被动关系用过去分词。因she与watch是主动关系,故用现在分词。8.if 表示“如果新的情况出现,她就准备一些靠得住的动作来使用”。9.against/with 表示“同某人比赛”是play against/with sb.。10.using 动名词短语作主语。,五、语段改错,These changes only became possibly as mymemory improved.First it stored in tubes,thenon transistors or later on very small chips.As a result of I totally changed my shape.As I have grown older I have also grown small.,Over time my memory has developed so manythat,like an elephant,I never forget something I have been told!And my memory became so large that even I couldnt believe it!,But I was always so alone standing there by myself,until in early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network.I wasable to share my knowledge with othersin the World Wide Web.,1.possibly possible 系动词后用形容词作表语。2.store was stored 用被动语态。3.or and 4.删除As a result of 中的of 5.small smaller6.many much 7.something anything8.alone lonely9.在early 1960s前加the10.in through,重点词汇讲练,1.solve vt.解决;解答例句 to solve any difficult mathematical problem 解决任何数学难题联想 handle/settle/overcome the difficulty 解决困难,运用 With the help of his friends,he finally _(解决了那个问题).,solved/settled the problem,2.explore vt.&vi.探索;探测;探究例句 I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moom and Mars.我甚至被置入太空火箭里,被发射去探索月球和火星。派生 exploration n.探索;探究 explorer n.探险者;探索者,运用 You should _(寻求解决问题的办法).,explore the ways,of solving the problem,3.goal n.目标;目的;球门;(进球)得分例句 Anyhow,my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.不管怎样,我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。,scorekick a goal 得一分踢进一球win by three goals to one 以三比一获胜setachieve a goal设立实现目标reachattain ones goal 达到实现某人的目标,搭配,运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。我们的足球队比他们领先两分。Our football team leads them _.你一旦设定目标,就要努力工作去实现这个目标。Once youve _,youve got to work hard to _.,achieve/reach it,by two goals,set a goal,4.arise vi.出现;发生(appear;happen)例句 Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.然后,她(程序员)把我在出现新情况时能用得上的动作准备好。,arise from/out of因而造成/引起,搭配,运用 Accidents often _(起因于粗心).,arise from,carelessness,5.fromon从时起例句 From then on,I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.自那时起,我在体积和脑容量方面迅速成长。,翻译 从现在起,我要更加努力去实现我的目标。From now on,Ill study even harder to reach my goal.,原句 As a result I totally changed my shape.结果我完全改变了我的形状。(B2P18),例句 He got up late.As a result,he was late for school.他起床迟了,结果,他上学 迟到了。,6.as a result结果(短语副词,不接任何词,前后常有标点),as a result of 由于的结果(短语介词)result from(接原因)因而result in(接结果)导致,联想,运用 完成下列句子。,(1)He failed in the exam _(由于的结果)his laziness.,as a result of,(3)Her success results _hardwork.,(2)Eating too much can result _ becoming fat.,in,from,原句 I was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web.我能通过万维网和其他人分享我的知识。(B2P18),7.share sth.with sb.跟某人分享/共用某物,例句 People are able to share their happiness and sorrow with their friends through the internet.通过网络,人们能够跟朋友们分享快乐和悲伤。,翻译 我过去和我妹妹合住一间房。I used to share a room with my sister.,9.in a way 在某种程度上,例句 In a way the result was satisfactory.从某种程度上看,结果是令人满意的。,原句 In a way our programmer is like our coach.从某种程度上看,我们的程序员就像是我们的教练。(B2 P23),9.after all 毕竟 with the help of 在的帮助下,原句 After all,with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything,using my intelligence is what Im all about.不管怎样,在我过目不忘的电子脑的帮助下,运用智能就是我的一切。(B2P23),例句 I am grateful to my teachers.After all,with the help of them,I was admitted into the key university in the end.我感激我的恩师们。毕竟,在他们的帮助下,我最后才能够进入重点大学。,运用 It is reasonable to forgive him._(毕竟),he is only a child.,After all,10.deal with处理;对付;论述例句 This means that it should clean the house,mop the floors,cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls.这意味着它应该能够打扫房间、拖地板、做饭以及处理来电。,运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。The meeting_(将会处理这些问题).I dont know_(如何对付这些坏孩子).This book_(论述音乐的).,deals with music,will deal with these,problems,how to deal with these,bad children,表示“如何处置”,do with与what连用,而deal with与how连用。如:我不知道如何处理它。I dont know how to deal with it.或I dont know what to do with it.,提醒,写作句型仿写,1.It takes+一段时间+before.过了多久才,原句 I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我发育缓慢,差不多到了两百年之后,查尔巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。(B2P18),例句 It may take several years before a company can make money.一个公司可能要过了几年后才能盈利。,仿写 _(过了很久才)the rain stopped.,It took a long time before,原句 By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room.到20世纪40年代为止,我已经变得更一个房子一样大了。(B2P18),2.as+adj./adv.+as 和一样(同级比较),例句 Nobody in our class can run as fast as him.我们班没有人能和他跑得一样快!,运用 他和你学习一样努力。He studies _.,as hard as you,3.as time went by随着时间的流逝,原句 As time went by,I was made smaller.随着时间的流逝,我被做得更小。(B2P18),例句 As time went by,people became more familiar with him and understood what he did.随着时间的流逝,人们慢慢熟悉他并理解他所做的事了。,说明 可与with time going by 替换。,运用 _ _(随着时间的流逝),he got used to the life in the new school gradually.,As time went by/With time going,by,例句 Jane and I have nothing in common/I have nothing in common with Jane.我跟简毫无共同之处。,4.have nothing/little/something/much/a lot in common(with)(与)没有/有点/有许多共同之处,原句 In pairs discuss what they have in common.分组讨论他们有什么共同点。(B2P17),运用 Although they are twins,they _(没有共同点)with each other.,have nothing in common,难句结构分析,原句 After I was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes,I could“think”logically and produce an answer quicker than any person.在操作员用穿孔卡为我设计程序之后,我能够进行逻辑“思考”,并且能够比任何人更快地算出答案。(P18 B2),分析 After引导一个时间状语从句,在这个时间状语从句中又有一个who引导的_ 从句,修饰an operator。,定语,Thank You!,11醉翁亭记 1反复朗读并背诵课文,培养文言语感。2结合注释疏通文义,了解文本内容,掌握文本写作思路。3把握文章的艺术特色,理解虚词在文中的作用。4体会作者的思想感情,理解作者的政治理想。一、导入新课范仲淹因参与改革被贬,于庆历六年写下岳阳楼记,寄托自己“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”的政治理想。实际上,这次改革,受到贬谪的除了范仲淹和滕子京之外,还有范仲淹改革的另一位支持者北宋大文学家、史学家欧阳修。他于庆历五年被贬谪到滁州,也就是今天的安徽省滁州市。也是在此期间,欧阳修在滁州留下了不逊于岳阳楼记的千古名篇醉翁亭记。接下来就让我们一起来学习这篇课文吧!【教学提示】结合前文教学,有利于学生把握本文写作背景,进而加深学生对作品含义的理解。二、教学新课目标导学一:认识作者,了解作品背景作者简介:欧阳修(10071072),字永叔,自号醉翁,晚年又号“六一居士”。吉州永丰(今属江西)人,因吉州原属庐陵郡,因此他又以“庐陵欧阳修”自居。谥号文忠,世称欧阳文忠公。北宋政治家、文学家、史学家,与韩愈、柳宗元、王安石、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、曾巩合称“唐宋八大家”。后人又将其与韩愈、柳宗元和苏轼合称“千古文章四大家”。关于“醉翁”与“六一居士”:初谪滁山,自号醉翁。既老而衰且病,将退休于颍水之上,则又更号六一居士。客有问曰:“六一何谓也?”居士曰:“吾家藏书一万卷,集录三代以来金石遗文一千卷,有琴一张,有棋一局,而常置酒一壶。”客曰:“是为五一尔,奈何?”居士曰:“以吾一翁,老于此五物之间,岂不为六一乎?”写作背景:宋仁宗庆历五年(1045年),参知政事范仲淹等人遭谗离职,欧阳修上书替他们分辩,被贬到滁州做了两年知州。到任以后,他内心抑郁,但还能发挥“宽简而不扰”的作风,取得了某些政绩。醉翁亭记就是在这个时期写就的。目标导学二:朗读文章,通文顺字1初读文章,结合工具书梳理文章字词。2朗读文章,划分文章节奏,标出节奏划分有疑难的语句。节奏划分示例环滁/皆山也。其/西南诸峰,林壑/尤美,望之/蔚然而深秀者,琅琊也。山行/六七里,渐闻/水声潺潺,而泻出于/两峰之间者,酿泉也。峰回/路转,有亭/翼然临于泉上者,醉翁亭也。作亭者/谁?山之僧/曰/智仙也。名之者/谁?太守/自谓也。太守与客来饮/于此,饮少/辄醉,而/年又最高,故/自号曰/醉翁也。醉翁之意/不在酒,在乎/山水之间也。山水之乐,得之心/而寓之酒也。节奏划分思考“山行/六七里”为什么不能划分为“山/行六七里”?明确:“山行”意指“沿着山路走”,“山行”是个状中短语,不能将其割裂。“望之/蔚然而深秀者”为什么不能划分为“望之蔚然/而深秀者”?明确:“蔚然而深秀”是两个并列的词,不宜割裂,“望之”是总起词语,故应从其后断句。【教学提示】引导学生在反复朗读的过程中划分朗读节奏,在划分节奏的过程中感知文意。对于部分结构复杂的句子,教师可做适当的讲解引导。目标导学三:结合注释,翻译训练1学生结合课下注释和工具书自行疏通文义,并画出不解之处。【教学提示】节奏划分与明确文意相辅相成,若能以节奏划分引导学生明确文意最好;若学生理解有限,亦可在解读文意后把握节奏划分。2以四人小组为单位,组内互助解疑,并尝试用“直译”与“意译”两种方法译读文章。3教师选择疑难句或值得翻译的句子,请学生用两种翻译方法进行翻译。翻译示例:若夫日出而林霏开,云归而岩穴暝,晦明变化者,山间之朝暮也。野芳发而幽香,佳木秀而繁阴,风霜高洁,水落而石出者,山间之四时也。直译法:那太阳一出来,树林里的雾气散开,云雾聚拢,山谷就显得昏暗了,朝则自暗而明,暮则自明而暗,或暗或明,变化不一,这是山间早晚的景色。野花开放,有一股清幽的香味,好的树木枝叶繁茂,形成浓郁的绿荫。天高气爽,霜色洁白,泉水浅了,石底露出水面,这是山中四季的景色。意译法:太阳升起,山林里雾气开始消散,烟云聚拢,山谷又开始显得昏暗,清晨自暗而明,薄暮又自明而暗,如此暗明变化的,就是山中的朝暮。春天野花绽开并散发出阵阵幽香,夏日佳树繁茂并形成一片浓荫,秋天风高气爽,霜色洁白,冬日水枯而石底上露,如此,就是山中的四季。【教学提示】翻译有直译与意译两种方式,直译锻炼学生用语的准确性,但可能会降低译文的美感;意译可加强译文的美感,培养学生的翻译兴趣,但可能会降低译文的准确性。因此,需两种翻译方式都做必要引导。全文直译内容见我的积累本。目标导学四:解读文段,把握文本内容1赏析第一段,说说本文是如何引出“醉翁亭”的位置的,作者在此运用了怎样的艺术手法。明确:首先以“环滁皆山也”五字领起,将滁州的地理环境一笔勾出,点出醉翁亭坐落在群山之中,并纵观滁州全貌,鸟瞰群山环抱之景。接着作者将“镜头”全景移向局部,先写“西南诸峰,林壑尤美”,醉翁亭坐落在有最美的林壑的西南诸峰之中,视野集中到最佳处。再写琅琊山“蔚然而深秀”,点山“秀”,照应上文的“美”。又写酿泉,其名字透出了泉与酒的关系,好泉酿好酒,好酒叫人醉。“醉翁亭”的名字便暗中透出,然后引出“醉翁亭”来。作者利用空间变幻的手法,移步换景,由远及近,为我们描绘了一幅幅山水特写。2第二段主要写了什么?它和第一段有什么联系?明确:第二段利用时间推移,抓住朝暮及四季特点,描绘了对比鲜明的晦明变化图及四季风光图,写出了其中的“乐亦无穷”。第二段是第一段“山水之乐”的具体化。3第三段同样是写“乐”,但却是写的游人之乐,作者是如何写游人之乐的?明确:“滁人游”,前呼后应,扶老携幼,自由自在,热闹非凡;“太守宴”,溪深鱼肥,泉香酒洌,美味佳肴,应有尽有;“众宾欢”,投壶下棋,觥筹交错,说说笑笑,无拘无束。如此勾画了游人之乐。4作者为什么要在第三段写游人之乐?明确:写滁人之游,描绘出一幅太平祥和的百姓游乐图。游乐场景映在太守的眼里,便多了一层政治清明的意味。太守在游人之乐中酒酣而醉,此醉是为山水之乐而醉,更是为能与百姓同乐而醉。体现太守与百姓关系融洽,“政通人和”才能有这样的乐。5第四段主要写了什么?明确:写宴会散、众人归的情景。目标导学五:深入解读,把握作者思想感情思考探究:作者以一个“乐”字贯穿全篇,却有两个句子别出深意,不单单是在写乐,而是另有所指,表达出另外一种情绪,请你找出这两个句子,说说这种情绪是什么。明确:醉翁之意不在酒,在乎山水之间也。醉能同其乐,醒能述以文者,太守也。这种情绪是作者遭贬谪后的抑郁,作者并未在文中袒露胸怀,只含蓄地说:“醉能同其乐,醒能述以文者,太守也。”此句与醉翁亭的名称、“醉翁之意不在酒,在乎山水之间也”前后呼应,并与“滁人游”“太守宴”“众宾欢”“太守醉”连成一条抒情的线索,曲折地表达了作者内心复杂的思想感情。目标导学六:赏析文本,感受文本艺术特色1在把握作者复杂感情的基础上朗读文本。2反复朗读,请同学说说本文读来有哪些特点,为什么会有这些特点。(1)句法上大量运用骈偶句,并夹有散句,既整齐又富有变化,使文章越发显得音调铿锵,形成一种骈散结合的独特风格。如“野芳发而幽香,佳木秀而繁阴”“朝而往,暮而归,四时之景不同,而乐亦无穷也”。(2)文章多用判断句,层次极其分明,抒情淋漓尽致,“也”“而”的反复运用,形成回环往复的韵律,使读者在诵读中获得美的享受。(3)文章写景优美,又多韵律,使人读来不仅能感受到绘画美,也能感受到韵律美。目标导学七:探索文本虚词,把握文言现象虚词“而”的用法用法文本举例表并列1.蔚然而深秀者;2.溪深而鱼肥;3.泉香而酒洌;4.起坐而喧哗者表递进1.而年又最高;2.得之心而寓之酒也表承接1.渐闻水声潺潺,而泻出于两峰之间者;2.若夫日出而林霏开,云归而岩穴暝;3.野芳发而幽香,佳木秀而繁阴;4.水落而石出者;5.临溪而渔;6.太守归而宾客从也;7.人知从太守游而乐表修饰1.朝而往,暮而归;2.杂然而前陈者表转折1.而不知人之乐;2.而不知太守之乐其乐也虚词“之”的用法用法文本举例表助词“的”1.泻出于两峰之间者;2.醉翁之意不在酒;3.山水之乐;4.山间之朝暮也;5.宴酣之乐位于主谓之间,取消句子独立性而不知太守之乐其乐也表代词1.望之蔚然而深秀者;2.名之者谁(指醉翁亭);3.得之心而寓之酒也(指山水之乐)【教学提示】更多文言现象请参见我的积累本。三、板书设计路线:环滁琅琊山酿泉醉翁亭风景:朝暮之景四时之景山水之乐(醉景)风俗:滁人游太守宴众宾欢 太守醉宴游之乐(醉人)心情:禽鸟乐人之乐乐其乐与民同乐(醉情)可取之处重视朗读,有利于培养学生的文言语感,并通过节奏划分引导学生理解文意,突破了仅按注释疏通文义的桎梏,有利于引导学生自主思考;不单纯关注“直译”原则,同时培养学生的“意译”能力,引导学生关注文言文的美感,在一定程度上有助于培养学生的核心素养。不足之处文章难度相对较高,基础能力低的学生难以适应该教学。,会员免费下载,