简析中西方新闻报道的不同角度论文14936.doc

毕业论文简析中西方新闻报道的不同角度院 别语言学院专业名称英 语班级学号学生姓名指导教师毕业论文内容：本文对比了中西方新闻角度在立意角度、选材角度和表现角度方面的差异，并简要分析了存在差异的原因。毕业论文起止时间：2012年7月16日2013年6月10日指导教师：刘兰 职称：副教授评阅人：张阳 职称：讲 师简析中西方新闻报道的不同角度摘 要 新闻角度在新闻写作、报道中具有重要作用。中西方新闻报道之所以存在着千差万别，最直接的原因就是新闻角度选择和运用的不同。 本文对具体实践中中西方媒体的新闻角度进行比较，并对中西方新闻角度存在差异的原因进行深入剖析，在此基础上，有选择地、理性地对西方新闻角度的优点进行借鉴。本文具体从立意角度、选材角度和表现角度方面的差异进行了比较，从中西方文化背景、媒体性质定位、新闻价值观和思维方式四个方面阐述了中西方新闻角度存在差异的原因。关键词: 新闻角度；新闻报道；媒体；比较新闻学On the Comparison of the Differences between Chinese and Western News AngleAbstract The angle of news exerts significant functions in news writing and news reporting. There exists great differences between the Chinese and Western news reporting，and the direct reason for which is the difference in the selection and practice of the angles of news. The article compares the difference of the angle of Chinese and western news, and makes deep anatomy in reasons why the differences exist. On this basis, the article takes, selectively and rationally, the virtue of the western news perspective for reference. The article makes expatiations of the reasons for the difference between the angle of Chinese and western news from the respect of the cultural background, the orientation of the medias characters，news value perspective and the way of thought.The article makes comparison of the difference in the perspective of the conception, the material selection and the presentation.Key Words: The angle of news; news report ;Media ; Comparative journalismCONTENTSIntroduction1The Different Chinese and Western News Angles42.1 The Perspective of Conception42.1.1 The Perspective of Chinese News42.1.2 The Perspective of Western News52.2 The Material Selection52.3 The Difference of Presentation Methods72.3.1 Narration vs Description72.3.2 Chinese News have Many Discussions, while Western News Talk Less1 Causes of Differences of Chinese and Western News Angle73.1 The Respect of Cultural Background93.1.1 Ethical Culture and Individual Freedom93.1.2 "Coexistence of Human and Nature" and "Separation of Human and Nature "103.2 The Different News Value Respective103.2.1 The Interest123.2.2 The Significance133.3 The Different Ways of Thought143.4 The Different Ideology153.4.1 Chinese Media's Ideological Characteristics163.4.2 Western News media's Ideological Attribute16Conclusion18Acknowledgements20Bibliography21Introduction Today, the approach is very convenient, and media is highly prosperous and the modern information industry is advancing rapidly. In such a time, every day we can contact to a large number of information initiatively or passively from different channels. Obviously, the news report is undoubtedly one of the most main sources of information. However, in fact, we seemed to lack the essential understand about the news reports we read, cause usually we just noticed what happened, barely care about the truth and the fact. Especially we often have such confusion that, treating the same news events, especially those involved in the Chinese topic, Chinese and western news Angle and attitudes may be not the same, even the news evaluation varied widely. Take the news about the London Olympic Games for instance. When our country's excellent young athlete Ye Shiwen prevailed against great odds, the internal media spoke highly of her and gave her good affirmation for the wonderful performance, conversely, Ye was questioned about the stimulant in most western news reports. There is no doubt that the wester media and people have deep discrimination about Chinese athletes. We can not help asking, what caused the difference? Indeed, both the Chinese and the western journalism propose to speak with facts, but the news report is not absolutely objective. That is, reporters should faithfully report the facts, but through the proper selection and expression they ably expresse their position and viewpoints. That is why we can find the different points of view in many news reports about the same news event. However, there is an important the premise, to choose fact, one must decide the angle of news. A foreign philosopher told such a story: there were two people in the same forest cabin looked out from the widow. One saw the brilliant stars, while the other saw the muddy road. Why? That's because they looked at the same thing in different angles.Angle is the starting point of the observation of things. The same thing is sectioned from different angles, often has different situations, induction has a polarization of strength and depth. If reporter wants to accurately and deeply reflect the theme of the news and make reports can close to reader's heart, they must work hard to choose good angle of news.The angle of news is the key point for the reporters to explore, dig out and narrate the news facts. "The mountain shows its different features in different levels near and far." So the different angles decide the difference in observation and recognition. In fact, what can be seen and what can not be seen are also decided by the angle the broadcaster chooses. Therefore, Todorov Tzvetan, the French philosopher, thinks that angle has the meaning of the first. The news media competition is not entirely in information's speed and amount, more is competition of news Angle, and the distinguishment of angle is the biggest difference between the news texts. So what is the news Angle? A dictionary of modern journalism explains the News Angle "the key point and emphasis that reporter find in the interview and news writing to know and show the news facts." All factors and various profiles constituting the things can be chosen as the angle of news. To select an angle, firstly, the reporter should be objective, and fully and truly grasp the facts from the entire and in essence; and then one should catch the characteristic, that is the most outstanding and typical aspects of a thing. Again, there must be creative, and the same one thing, because of different conception, can give people the different feelings. Study on the comparison of Chinese journalism is start stumbling only after the reform and opening up, and really develop also was in the 1990 of the 20th century. Comparative journalism studies in China can be roughly divided into three stages: first stage late in the late 1970 of the 20th century, is its germination period; second phase in the 1990 of the 20th century, its growth and initial maturity; third phase for the new century, its period of prosperity and deepening. But from an overall perspective, comparative journalism studies in the field of journalism as a whole is still weak, immature, whether from the application of research methods and theory, or research content, objects, exhibition of perspective and depth has further extension of the possibility and necessity.Comparative journalism is beginning in the early 20th century in a new discipline in the West. First of all, the establishment of the subject should be attributed to three United States newspapers researchers: Weibo Shilamu, Foleide Saibote and Xiaoduo Pitesen. Its logo is the results of their cooperation1956 newspaper, published by four kinds of theories. Proceeding from the observation of social ownership of the book, will ever news system is divided into four forms of human society: totalitarian of feudalistic society of liberalism, capitalism, social responsibility of modern capitalism and Soviet Communism. Newspaper of todays world that is complex and its belonging with a global perspective for the first time, thus, of the four theories of the press is the cornerstone of Western journalism. Comparative journalism also said this article is mainly targeted at across cultural, national, cross-border, cross-ideology and social systems of different news or the phenomenon of analogy research.Despite the comparative journalism started early in the 20th century, Western countries have become spectacular, however, it was still in Middle-earth floor flower. it is growing in the 1990 of the 20th century after reform and opening up in China. From the first piece of paper a true comparative journalism means that comparison of the law on Sino-US News education 1989 published, the first monograph of the comparative journalism studies published in 1994, so far, more news of academic research, exactly 20 years have been in mainland China have gone through.The article makes comparison of the difference in the perspective of the conception, the material selection and the presentation. The article makes expatiations of the reasons for the difference between the angle of Chinese and western news from the respect of the cultural background, the orientation of the media's characteristics，news value perspective and the way of thought. This article is primarily aimed at make us recognize the essence of news report, and learn to be more comprehensive, objective at Chinese and western news reports. At the same time, in the comparison getting more real and effective information, catching the news truth of the matter, and avoiding the news being distorted and the influence of the false reports. Moreover, the final purpose of comparison is to learn from each other and to find a reasonable development space as far as possible for Chinese and western media. The Different Chinese and Western News AnglesNews report angle is a kind of special cognitive style for the objective things, and its particularity displays in that: news Angle is affected by many kinds of factors to pursue news value for the purpose, and it is the unity of the observation content, observation place and observation methods. In the writing that "Facts speak louder than words", angle is the moral trend and the technique of expression. Only to choose the most appropriate angle, the value of news can be displayed adequately. On the news report writing stage, news angle mainly contains perspective of conception, material selection and the presentation analyzed from the news body. We will contrast Chinese and western news angle from the three points.2.1 The Perspective of ConceptionThe difference of perspective affects the news writing, so the reporters should not only by choosing the news facts to reflect all kinds of social life dynamic and rich content, but also through the facts to express their own ideas and opinions. In the other word, the main idea and meaning hiding in a piece of news, or an issue that a piece of news coverage try to explain is the theme of news. Therefore, the process of refining theme is the perspective of news conception. Chinese and western news purposive angles are based on different political system, social system, cultural background, so they are naturally obviously different.2.1.1 The Perspective of Chinese News The journalism of China belongs to a socialist news system, maintaining the interests of the party, the state and the people. Chinese media always put "country" the first place, "The nation is prosperous and the people are strong and powerful" "national economy and the people's livelihood" are our key report points. Chinese journalists are used to focus on the "positive reports", and consider that whether the report is helpful to "unity and stability" as the criterion to measure the purposive angle. One of the basic tasks of socialist news career is to reflect, consolidate and develop socialist economic construction, so economic report is its center and key task, which totally different with the capitalist news career. 2.1.2 The Perspective of Western News Western news media is the tool to maintain the capitalist system life style and values. In the traditional humanistic spirit, they consider individuals as the point of view, focusing on individual's survival state and shout the slogan of "safeguarding human rights". The development of social material production has brought westerners material comforts, but also given them the sense of threat about survival and security and grave crisis. Under the surface of developed western material society, people's living conditions, the living environment, the threat of death become the focus of the reporter.2.2 The Material Selection Press materials are the information which the journalists get through interviews. They involve many points and various forms of the related information. The material selection refers to choose those kinds of news facts and materials. The core of the material selection is about how the reporter judge an issue has the news value or not, of course on condition that the thing is within the scope of their knowledgement. Thus the reporters are able to tell which facts are common things and which are significant ones. Then the material section will be accomplished by bring the significant facts into the report plans. The western media often focus on the negative, pessimistic, bloody and wild material. Take the American media for example, their tradition shows they would pay more attention to the individuals than the social valves and significance. Thus they usually work hard on press agentry in the selection of communication angle and the performance of characters personality. Fierce competition like "fighting courageously at bayonet-point range" caused media dilute the seriousness and constantly pursue to relax and funny style. So the media descend to the sensationally cultural tool to catharsis and make the sense of pleasure. Even some media whose intention was to do serious program were not spared. Because the U.S. media compete with audience ratings and circulation, so it is hard to avoid not blindly pursuing selling points, dramatic elements and to please the audience with the "anecdote fun". This is also led the vulgarization of United States news appear.Socialist journalism is given priority to carry out the principle of positive publicity. Socialist media agencies and the vast majority of journalists, in news propaganda, will mainly focus on reporting the mainstream of the society, eulogizing that the mass under the leadership of the party have created great performance. To reflect progress of thought, new concepts and new life representing the correct development direction of the community has become the main content of news broadcast.However, the Chinese journalism does no deny reporting the difficulties and problems occurred in the Socialist construction, and not reject to criticize the faults and errors of the government and the party. On the contrary, the mainly positive publicity and the certain exposure and criticism, can compreh