课程设计（论文）基于单片机的多路抢答器设计.doc

长 沙 学 院单片机原理及应用课程设计说明书题目基于单片机的多路抢答器设计系(部)电子与通信工程系专业(班级)姓名学号指导教师起止日期单片机原理及应用课程设计任务书 系（部）:电信系 专业：2011级电子与信息工程课题名称基于单片机的多路抢答器设计设计内容及要求（1）课题内容：设计一个基于单片机的多路抢答器功能要求:1、利用51 系列单片机作为主控制器的单片机8 路抢答器的制作。当系统工作后，8路抢答者中只要有一人按下抢答键，系统的数码管便显示按键者的编号，同时喇叭中响起动听的音乐声，表示抢答成功。2、当有几个人同时按键时，由于在时间上必定存在先后，系统将对第一个按下者进行锁存，显示的编号也是第一个按下者，其他按键者将不能响应，以便公平地选择第一个抢答者。3、当确定了抢答成功者后，裁判只要按下复位键，系统便停止音乐，返回到抢答状态，进行下一轮抢答。4、至少要能播放8首不同的歌曲，实现每个抢答成功者有不同的音乐声。（2）要求：完成该系统的硬件和软件的设计，在Proteus 软件上仿真通过，提交一篇课程设计说明书。设计工作量1、汇编或C51语言程序设计；2、在Proteus 上进行仿真成功；3、提交一份完整的课程设计说明书，包括封面，中文摘要，目录，正文（正文主要包括：设计原理、程序设计、程序分析、仿真分析、调试过程，调试结果等部分），参考文献、设计总结等。进度安排起止日期（或时间量）设计内容（或预期目标）备注第一天课题介绍、答疑、收集资料、C51介绍第二天设计方案论证、练习编写C51程序第三天-第六天程序设计第七天-第八天程序调试、仿真第九天-第十天系统测试并编写设计说明书教研室意见 年 月 日系（部）主管领导意见 年 月 日长沙学院课程设计鉴定表姓名学号专业电子信息工程班级设计题目基于单片机的多路抢答器设计指导教师指导教师意见：评定成绩： 教师签名： 日期： 答辩小组意见：评定成绩：答辩小组长签名：日期：教研室意见：最终评定等级：教研室主任签名：日期：说明课程设计成绩分“优秀”、“良好”、“中等”、“及格”、“不及格”五等。目录目录目录41设计内容与要求42 设计方案53.电路仿真图64.程序框图85.心得体会96.参考文献：9概要数字抢答器由主体电路与扩展电路组成。优先编码电路、锁存器、译码电路将参赛队的输入信号在显示器上输出用控制电路和主持人开关启动报警电路，以上两部分组成主体电路.通过定时电路和译码电路将秒脉冲产生的信号在显示器上输出实现计时功能，构成扩展电路。经过布线、焊接、调试等工作后数字抢答器成形。单片机体积小价格低，应用方便，稳定可靠。单片机将很多任务交给了软件编程去实现，大大简化了外围硬件电路，使外围电路的实现简单方便。单片机系统的硬件结构给予了抢答系统“身躯”,而单片机的应用程序赋予了其新的“生命”，使其在传统的抢答器面前具有电路简单、成本低、运行可靠等特色。对于抢答器我们大家都知道那是用于选手做抢答题时用的，选手进行抢答，抢到题的选手来回答问题。抢答器不考验选手的反应速度同时也要求选手具备足够的知识面和一定的勇气选手们都站在同一个起跑线上，体现了公平公正的原则。关键字：抢答电路定时电路报警电路1设计内容与要求设计内容设计一个抢答器，可供位选手抢答，主持人可通过开关复位控制，具有抢答、设计要求设计一个抢答器，可以同时供8名选手或8个队伍参加比赛，他们的编号分别是1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8，各用一个抢答按钮，按钮的编号与选手的编号相对应，也是给节目主持人设置一个控制开关9，用来控制系统的清零（编号显示数码管灭灯）和抢答的开始。抢答器具有数据锁存和显示功能。抢答开始，若有选手按动抢答按钮，编号立即锁存，并在LED数码管上显示出选手的编号，同时扬声器给出音响提示。此外要封存输入电路，禁止其他选手抢答。优先抢答选手的编号一直保持到系统清零为止。抢答器具有定时抢答的功能，且一次抢答的时间可以由主持人设定，档节目主持人按下“9”按钮后，同时扬声器发出短暂声，抢答有效，定时器停止工作，显示器上显示选手的编号，并保持到主持人将系统清零为止。2 设计方案抢答按钮连接控制电路，抢答开始，有选手按下抢答按钮后，控制电路是锁存器锁存各个抢答路的电平高低，从而锁存了第一位抢答者的抢答信号，同时切断其他抢答者的抢答信号，阻止其他选手的抢答。编码器将抢答结果译成二进制数送给下一级译码显示电路，译码显示电路显示抢答成功者的号码。声响电路可以发出提醒声响。3.电路仿真图 总电路图辅助电路部分：共阳极的数码显示电路部分： 19号按键电路部分（包括主持人的开关复位按键9）蜂鸣电路（唱歌的）是否为复位键是否有按键按下？结束播放相应歌曲4.程序框图开始检测按键 5.心得体会我在这一次抢答器的设计过程中，很是受益匪浅。通过对自己在大学三年时间里所学的知识的回顾，并充分发挥对所学知识的理解和对毕业设计的思考及书面表达能力，最终完成了。这为自己今后进一步深化学习，积累了一定宝贵的经验。实习的过程也是专业知识的学习过程，它使我运用已有的专业基础知识，对其进行设计，分析和解决一个理论问题或实际问题，把知识转化为能力的实际训练。培养了我运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。通过这次课程设计我发现，只有理论水平提高了；才能够将课本知识与实践相整合，理论知识服务于教学实践，以增强自己的动手能力。这个实验十分有意义我获得很深刻的经验。通过这次课程设计，我们知道了理论和实际的距离，也知道了理论和实际想结合的重要性，也从中得知了很多书本上无法得知的知识。我们的学习不但要立足于书本，以解决理论和实际教学中的实际问题为目的，还要以实践相结合，理论问题即实践课题，解决问题即课程研究，学生自己就是一个专家通过自己的手来解决问题比用脑子解决问题更加深刻。学习就应该采取理论与实践结合的方式，理论的问题，也就是实践性的课题。这种做法既有助于完成理论知识的巩固又有助于带动实践解决实际问题加强我们的动手能力和解决问题的能力6.参考文献：1. 单片机课程设计实例指导，李光飞，北京航天航空大学出版社，2004 2. 单片机原理及接口技术（第3版），李朝青，北京航空航天大学出版社，2002 3. 单片机C程序设计及应用实例，胡伟，人民邮电出版社，2003 4. 单片机系统设计与实例指导，冯育长，西安电子科技大学出版社，2007 5电子电路及电子器件, 郭培源,高等教育出版社.,2003附录： #include<reg52.h> /包含头文件，一般情况不需要改动，头文件包含特殊功能寄存器的定义#define uint unsigned int#define uchar unsigned charuchar Flag;uint a;uchar code 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