动名词2课件.ppt

动名词2ppt课件,26、我们像鹰一样，生来就是自由的，但是为了生存，我们不得不为自己编织一个笼子，然后把自己关在里面。博莱索27、法律如果不讲道理，即使延续时间再长，也还是没有制约力的。爱科克28、好法律是由坏风俗创造出来的。马克罗维乌斯29、在一切能够接受法律支配的人类的状态中，哪里没有法律，那里就没有自由。洛克30、风俗可以造就法律，也可以废除法律。塞约翰逊,动名词2ppt课件动名词2ppt课件26、我们像鹰一样，生来就是自由的，但是为了生存，我们不得不为自己编织一个笼子，然后把自己关在里面。博莱索27、法律如果不讲道理，即使延续时间再长，也还是没有制约力的。爱科克28、好法律是由坏风俗创造出来的。马克罗维乌斯29、在一切能够接受法律支配的人类的状态中，哪里没有法律，那里就没有自由。洛克30、风俗可以造就法律，也可以废除法律。塞约翰逊动名词用法1.Read the story adapted from the novel.2.He then spent years（in）wandering the earth until he found his home on the island.3.This monster of man loved singing.4.He often sang to her,hiding behind a secret wall.5.Because he was afraid of letting her see his face.6.He taught her how to sing.7.Christine enjoyed listening to his voice.8.Raoul tried to rescue Christine9.Using a phone during a concert is not allowed.10.It is impossible to avoid making mistakes.过去分词作定语动名词作介宾语动名词作宾语现在分词作状语动名词作介宾语不定式作宾语动名词作宾语不定式作宾语动名词作主语不定式作主语动名词作_Teaching is my full-time job.Writing an English composition is not easy.Its useless taking this kind of medicine.no use/good 主语,动名词用法,1.Read the story adapted from the novel.2.He then spent years（in）wandering the earth until he found his home on the island.3.This monster of man loved singing.4.He often sang to her,hiding behind a secret wall.5.Because he was afraid of letting her see his face.6.He taught her how to sing.7.Christine enjoyed listening to his voice.8.Raoul tried to rescue Christine9.Using a phone during a concert is not allowed.10.It is impossible to avoid making mistakes.,过去分词作定语动名词作介宾语动名词作宾语现在分词作状语动名词作介宾语不定式作宾语动名词作宾语不定式作宾语动名词作主语不定式作主语,动名词作_,Teaching is my full-time job.,Writing an English composition is not easy.Its useless taking this kind of medicine.no use/good,主语,动名词作_,I have just finished doing my home work.,I suggested asking his brother for some money.He keeps buying expensive maps.I am looking forward to taking a trip to Beijing,宾语,动名词作表语,My job is teaching.=Teaching is my job.Teaching is learning 教学相长Seeing is believing.眼见为实,动名词作定语表示性质或用途。a washing machine a machine for washinga swimming pool a pool for swimmingthe waiting room 候诊室a writing desk 写字台a driving license 驾驶证,动名词作定语,动名词作 主语 宾语(介词宾语)表语 定语动名词的形式动名词的逻辑主语,时 态 和 语 态,其否定形式：_,doing,being done,doing,having done,having been done,having done,是在doing前加上not,是在having done前加上not,动名词作主语一.常用动名词作主语的句型,Its a waste(of)time/money doingIts no(little)good/use doingThere is no doing=it is impossible to do 不可能（tell,say,）,洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk.劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.,二、动词不定式和动名词作主语比较 动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。例如：_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old（MET 1992）AThe walk BWalking CTo walk DWalk（Key：B）Playing with fire is dangerous.（抽象动作）To play with fire will be dangerous.（具体动作）,一、只能跟动名词作宾语的动词：,admit,appreciate,mind,suggest,consider,avoid,excuse,delay,finish,imagine,deny,enjoy,keep,practise,escape,risk,miss,cant help,feel like,give up,put off,动名词作宾语,advise,allow,permit,forbid,+doing sth,+sb to do sth,二、介词后接名词，动名词：How/What about?下列词组中to为介词，不是动词不定式,be used to/object to/get down to/look forward to/get accustomed to/devote to/the key to/stick topay attention to,give rise to lead to be sentenced toturn to add to be reduced to 沦为降为be equal to,这台洗衣机需要修理。The washing-machine needs repairing.（或用：needs to be repaired）这一点要提到。The point wants referring to.这本英文小说值得一读。This English novel is worth reading.俄国形势需要研究。The situation in Russian requires studying.,三、特殊用法 注意以下词语（主动形式表被动意义）：,sth.require/want/need doing=sth.require/want/need to be done be worth doing,四、动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want，wish，hope，manage，demand，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer decide，agree，expect等。We agreed _ here，but so far she hasnt turned up yet（NMET 1995）Ahaving met Bmeeting Cto meet Dto have met（Key：C）（2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，forgive，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，resist，risk，suggest，deny等。The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed _(NMET 1987Acatching Bto be caught Cbeing caught Dto catch（Key：C）I would appreciate_ back this afternoonAyou to call Byou call Cyou calling Dyoure calling（Key：C）,（3）有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词，意义上无多大区别，如：prefer，start，begin continue等。（4）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词，但意义上有区别，如：forget，remember，mean，regret，stop，try，go on,like,等。The light in the office is still on Oh，I forgot _（MET 1991）Aturning it off Bturn it off Cto turn it off Dhaving turned it off（Key：C）You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting Well，now I regret _ that（NMET 1995）Ato do Bto be doing Cto have done Dhaving done（Key：D）,比较,Forget/remember+to do doingRegret+to do doingMean+to do doingTry+to do doing Stop+to do doingGo on+to do doing,(动作尚未发生)忘记/记得要去做（动作已发生）忘记/记得做过某事（常接动词say,tell,inform等 公布坏消息，很遗憾地说后悔做过某事打算做某事意味着，尽力做某事尝试做停下来，开始做另一件事停止正在做的事继续做另一件事继续做同一件事,四、动名词和不定式在作宾语时意义上的区别：动名词形式表示一般习惯、抽象概念、或已成为过去的动作；不定式表示的则是具体的或特定的动作，也可表示现在或将来的动作。,其他搭配,Have a hard/good time+(in)doing sthSpend some time Lose no timeHave difficulty/trouble+(in)doing sthBe busy Do some/much cooking/cleaning/reading washing/sightseeing/shopping go fishing/swimming/skating/climbing/dancing/shopping/surfing/bowling/skiing,动名词的逻辑主语 当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词（名词所有格）是逻辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。如：1.他来帮忙鼓舞了我们.His coming to help encouraged all of us.。(=That he came to help encouraged all of us.)2.简这么粗心惹来了不少麻烦Janes being careless caused so much trouble.(=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.)3.烦扰他们的是食物不足。Whats troubling them is their not having enough food.(=Whats troubling them is that they have not enough food.),在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。如：用下你的电脑介意吗？Do you mind my/me using your computer?if I use your computer 爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。The father insisted on his sons/his son going to college.玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。Marys(不可用Mary)being ill made her mother upset.他抽烟使他一家人非常生气 His(不可用Him)smoking made his family angry.,在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾语：a.无生命名词The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被猛烈的关门声吵醒。b.有生命名词但表示泛指意义Have you ever heard of women practising boxing?你听说过妇女练拳击吗？c.两个以上的有生命名词并列Do you remember your parents and me telling about this?你记得你父母和我都告诉过你这事吗？,6、最大的骄傲于最大的自卑都表示心灵的最软弱无力。斯宾诺莎7、自知之明是最难得的知识。西班牙8、勇气通往天堂，怯懦通往地狱。塞内加9、有时候读书是一种巧妙地避开思考的方法。赫尔普斯10、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。笛卡儿,Thank you,拯畏怖汾关炉烹霉躲渠早膘岸缅兰辆坐蔬光膊列板哮瞥疹傻俘源拯割宜跟三叉神经痛-治疗三叉神经痛-治疗,