从女性主义角度浅析《简爱》中男女平等毕业论文.doc

毕业论文从女性主义角度浅析简爱中男女平等摘要 女性作为社会的社会成员之一，在人类的生存繁衍中扮演着不可或缺的角色。作为女性由于身体和心理上的差异，在历史上，一直作为依附男人而活的载体。而在现代社会，女性已经成为能独挡一面，自立自强的载体，她们对于女性地位的追求也越来越高，于是乎，男女平等已成为现代女性的基本社会要求之一。20世纪60年代，女权运动兴起。随后，女性主义开始在全世界流行开来。男女平等也成为许多作家学者研究的对象。然而，许多学者主要针对女性主义中女性的政治权利和女性的角色理论进行研究，为女性解放运动制造舆论支持。本文以简爱这部作品为研究对象，主要运用女性主义分析了简爱的职业观、爱情观和维权意识。文章首先引用简爱中一些关于简爱职业、爱情及维权意识的片段，然后运用女性主义相关的理论对这些片段进行分析，从这些分析中我们可以的到对现代女性的启发。 本文在一定程度上丰富了简爱这部作品的理论研究，与此同时，对于女性的维权意识有一定的启发督促作用。 关键词：简爱；简爱；女性主义；男女平等The Analysis of Equality Between Male and Female in Jane Eyre From FeminismEnglish Major（Teacher Education), 2009-1, Chen DenglingSupervisor Zhao QiuyingAbstract As an important member part of the social community, female plays an integral role in the humans live. Because of the different physical and psychological factors, female has been living as a carrier of man in the history. However, women have become self-empowerment and independent in the current society. Womens pursuit of the advancement is getting higher and higher, which makes the equality between male and female become one of the females social requirement.In 1960s, the feminist movement is popular for a time. And then feminism has prevailed all over the world. And the concept of sexual equality has become one of the hottest topics among researchers and scholars. Many previous researches on feminism are mainly about womens political rights and their roles, with purposes to cater to the womens liberation movement. This thesis mainly analyzes Jane Eyres values of occupation, love and rights protecting on the theory of feminism, and takes Jane Eyre as the material of researching at the same time. This research just quotes some parts of Jane Eyre, which include Janes occupation, love and rights protecting, and then uses the feminism to analyse them. At last, we can get the enlightenment from that analysis.To some extent, this thesis not only enriches Jane Eyres theoretical research on the foundation of the previous researches about the book, but also inspires modern females awareness of protecting rights. As a students research, there are some limitations in this thesis, but the author hopes those enlightenment can give some inspirations to the females.Key words: Jane Eyre; Jane Eyre; feminism; equality between male and femaleContentsI. Introduction11.1 Research background11.2 The significance of the thesis21.3 An overall structure of the thesis2II. Literature Review32.1 A brief introduction on feminism32.2 Previous research of feminism at home and abroad32.3 Previous research of the equality between male and female4III. The Analysis about Jane Eyres Pursuit of Equality Between Male and Female53.1 The pursuit of free occupation53.1.1 Jane Eyres pursuit of free occupation53.1.2 Enlightenment to modern female63.2 The pursuit of free love73.2.1 Jane Eyres perception of equal love73.2.2 Enlightenment to modern female83.3 The pursuit of equal rights83.3.1 Jane Eyres pursuit of equal rights in her different age stages.83.3.2 Enlightenment to modern female10IV. Conclusion104.1 Major findings104.2. Limitations11Acknowledgment13Bibliography14I. IntroductionThis part opens with the background of this research. Moreover, the theoretical and practical significance of this research is presented next, and the overall structure of the thesis is presented at the end of this part.As an important member part of the social community, female plays an integral role in the humans live. Because of the different physical and psychological factors, female has been living as a carrier of man in the history. However, female has become self-empowerment and independent in the current society. In a word, female has the same intelligence and courage as men. Compared with men, females pursuit of the advancement is getting higher and higher, which makes the equality between male and female become one of the females social requirement. For hundred years, people have paid great attention to females position and their rights in the society. In 1960s, the feminist movement is popular for a time. Without a doubt, feminism has prevailed all over the world. And the concept of sexual equality has become one of the hottest topics among researchers and scholars. This thesis is going to explore the equality between female and male in light of feminism.1.1 Research background Jane Eyre, written by Charlotte Bronte (18161855) in 1847, has gained great popularity, and it became one of the most popular books during Victorians. It was Jane Eyres revolt, hating of giving in and the spirit of requiring equality that made this book distinguished from others.1 The novel is about Jane Eyres life. Jane Eyre is a poor orphan, who lives with her wealthy aunt. However, her aunt and cousin are unkind to Jane, never failing to emphasize how she is below them, but Jane never gives in. When tensions escalate, Jane is sent to Lowood, a boarding school by the inhumane Mr Brocklehurst, she is soon branded a liar, but she never gives up. With the help of Miss Temple, she becomes a teacher eight years later. When Miss Temple marry and move away, Jane decides to change careers, and then she come to the Thornfield Hall as governess. During this time, she falls in love with Mr Rochester. As she knows that Mr Rochester is married, she is not willing to sacrifice her morals or self-respect to accept the status of mistress. Therefore, Jane flees Thornfied in the middle night. After wondering for a few days, Jane finds a safe haven, she is saved by St. John. John learns Janes true identity, so he insists they must be married and go to India together, but Jane refuses. At that time, Jane hears Rochesters voice calling her in the wind, she immediately travels to Thonfield Hall, only to find it destroyed by a fire and abandoned. This also can not destroy the true love, when Jane finds Rochester, they get and live a happy life.A large number of researchers have researched on Jane Eyre for decades. From the standard search of CNKI, there are 107,000 descriptions about Jane Eyre. Many previous scholars researches on Jane Eyre are mainly about womens political rights and their roles, with the major purpose to cater to the womens liberation movement. However, this research will pay more attention to eulogize the charm of female and the equality between male and female.1.2 The significance of the thesis Theoretically, this research has enriched the theoretical research of Jane Eyre. It gives a deeper analysis of this book from Jane Eyres work, it will fully explore the marriage and her awareness of protecting females rights, which will enable readers to have better understanding and appreciation of Jane Eyre.Practically, female students belong to the modern female, who are also going to go into the society, to face life and face to marriage. From this thesis, they can gain certain enlightenment from the analysis of Jane Eyres pursuing in the equality between male and female. In some way, it can tell us how to protect the status and dignity of our females in the future life of work and marriage.1.3 An overall structure of the thesisThere are four parts in my research. The first part is an introduction about the background and as well as the research significance of the thesis, the second part mainly describes the literature review of this dissertation, namely feminism, the third part is a deep analysis Jane Eyres pursuit of equality between male and female in her different age stages, when she was a child, she confronts her aunts mind, cousins of contempt, insults and abuse. As she grows up, young Jane Eyre hopes to own an equal opportunity as men in terms of applying her talents and creating her own success. When Jane is wandering outside, she refuses priest Johns propose because of his conception of regarding female as tools and dependency. And the last part is a conclusion of the whole passage.II. Literature ReviewThis part begins with the brief introduction of feminism, which form the theoretical base for this research. And this part discusses in terms of a study on feminism in Jane Eyre. And then it provides the general research on the feminism and the previous research of equality between male and female. 2.1 A brief introduction on feminismFeminism is a primary source and motivation on females experience of social theory and political movement. Many feminism supporters criticize on social relationship, and they also pay attention to analyze the gender inequality. Although there are various theories and focuses on feminism, they all come to a conclusion: to achieve gender equality in all humanity. One of the most important goals of feminism is to fight for the equal value of family and social labor, and political rights equivalence. Thus it emphasizes there are not differences in intelligence and ability between male and female, that is to say, feminism emphasizes on the equity in social labor, namely, to realize equality between male and female in the work, in marriage, family, and political rights as well. 2.2 Previous research of feminism at home and abroadThe history of feminism idea can date back to six century BC in ancient Greek. However, feminism began to grow up as a trend of political and social thought until eighteen century. In 1792, the Britain journalist and translator Mary Wollstonecraft2 finished her first important feminism theory book A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. And there were more than one hundred magazines and newspapers about womens liberation movement in America until 1997. What worth us to mention is that there are also many books about feminism theory published around the USA, for example, Betty Friedan(1963) wrote Feminine Mystique, Kate Milite(1970) wrote Sexual Politics, Shulamisi Feiersitong(1970) wrote Dialectic of Sex, etc. Moreover, feminism became an important academic research from 1990s and it is still a popular topic in the 21st century. Lijun Nie and Lan Ma3 (2011) make the previous theories into practice in their book of A Discuss on Feminism Awareness During the Vicissitude Journey of Chinese Equality Between Men and Women. Many previous scholars researches on feminism are mainly about womens political rights and their roles, with purposes to cater to the womens liberation movement. It is a condition as Dale Spencer explain: I myself have never been able to find out precisely what feminism is: I only know that people call me a feminist whenever I express sentiments that differentiate me from a doormat or a prostitute.4At that time, the research just displayed the pursuit for the womans political rights. The feminist just means the equality of political status between male and female. However, many modern scholars pay more attention to eulogize the charm of female and the equality between male and female. 2.3 Previous research of the equality between male and female To be equal between male and female, it is a wonderful social ideal. Since the New Civilization Movement (around the time of the May 4th Movement in 1919), a great number of researchers have studied on the equality between male and female. In 2012, Litvinova Sventlana,5 a licentiate of Legal Science who come from the far east of Russia University, has his questionnaire research about the equality between men and women, Report of Chinese Young Men and Women Equality-According to the questionnaire reseach. From his research, we can learn about the fact of Chinese young men and women. There are two antithetical ideals in litvinova Sventlana research in the process of equality between men and women. The one is respect woman's rights, and the other is the obsolete ideal of maintaining female role. But Chinese traditional culture maintains the stale ideal of female. As we all know, cultural tradition is the inherent form of thinking, it is difficult to change and the research of equality between men and women is necessary.Employing feminism as the theoretical support, the writer of this thesis takes Jane Eyre as the research object. And this thesis does research on Jane Eyes pursuit of gender equality in her occupation, love and her awareness of protecting rights. To some extent, this thesis not only enriches Jane Eyres theoretical research on the foundation of the previous researches about the book, but also inspires modern females awareness of protecting rights. III. Analyzing from Jane Eyres Pursuit of Equality Between Male and FemaleThis part presents several parts of the content about Jane Eyre. At first, it will present the content about Janes free occupation pursue in Jane Eyre with the analysis, and then we can learn about the enlightenment to Modern Female. Second, it will provide the content about Free Love Pursued Jane Eyre, it uses the same research method, at last, Jane Eyres the pursuit of Equal Rights are researched from the content of Jane Eyre. This part used the Feminism as the theoretical basis to analyze the content of Jane Eyre. We can get the enlightenment at last. And all the materials used in analysis in the following sections are quoted from the novel Jane Eyre.63.1 The pursuit of free occupation 3.1.1 Jane Eyres pursuit of free occupation In the early years of the Victorian age, people believes that womans place is at home, so women were not allowed to go to work at that time. Even some middle class women went to work, they just can work as governesses or tailor career. Furthermore, people always think that women are obedient, female who have more privilege hold the opinion that they should only do pudding, knit socks, playing the piano and embroidered purses. But Jane do not want to stay at home, she want to go to work as a man.“A new servitude! There is something in that I soliloquized (mentally, be it understood; I did not talk aloud).”6 This thought always occured in Jane Eyres mind during her eight years in Sally Ward School, and she wanted to get away with the limitations of schools regulations and system. Women can realize economic independence only by owning a career, and economic independent can protect females rights of equivalent.When she finally came to Sandfield as a teacher, she still insisted of pursing equality. For instance, confronting difficulties or confusion, without any cowardice, she talk to Rochester, her owner, a man with strange temper and unstable emotionally. No matter how Rochester combat her or did not like her, Jane can always maintain her dignity. As Jane Eyre said： I don't think. Sir, you have a right to command me, merely because you are older than I, or because you have seen more of the world than I have; your claim to superiority depends on the use you have made of your time and experience.6Jane Eyre looks forward to fr