中国城乡英语教育的差异The Differences between Urban and Rural English Education in Primary Schools.doc

中国城乡英语教育的差异The Differences between Urban and Rural English Education in Primary Schools Abstract摘要I. IntroductionII. The Present Situation of Urban and Rural English Education in Primary Schools III. A Cause Analysis of the Differences1. Environmental and Teachers Factor1.1 English teaching facilities in urban schools1.2 English teaching facilities in rural school1.3 The educational investment1.4 The effects from the family 1.5 Teacher's professional ability1.6 Teachers' lack of motivation2. Students FactorsIV. Some Strategies for Balancing the Urban and Rural English Education-12 V. ConclusionBibliographyThe Differences between Urban and Rural English Education in Primary SchoolsAbstractIn the autumn of 2002, Chinese primary school in township started the English course. Primary school English curriculum starts form the third grade. Each provinces education administration can combined with the actual to determine the working target of English classes. The English education in urban schools has included in the emphasis teaching object after the college entrance examination, so the urban schools English education has comprehensive development in teachers teaching program and classes design. Because of the later starts, the rural students were weaker than urban students in English study. Although they have hard working but still restricted with the imperfect teaching conditions, especially in speaking listening and understanding they still needs improved. When the rural students entered the college and competition with urban students, the inferior was came out clearly. The differ starts has result the dumb English in rural students.摘要 2002年秋季，乡镇所在地小学逐步开设英语课程。小学开设英语课程的起始年级一般为三年级。各省、自治区、直辖市教育行政部门可结合实际,确定本地区小学开设英语课程的工作目标和步骤。城市英语教学教育活动早在恢复高考后就被列入了重点教学范围，因而它在师资，教学计划，课程设计等方面都得到了全面的，系统化的发展与提升。由于起步晚,农村孩子在英语学习上弱于城市的孩子，虽然他们努力学习但由于教学条件不成熟，尤其在英语口语，听力及理解方面都有待得到进一步的提高。当农村的孩子进入大学后，和城市的孩子相竞争时，这种劣势就会更加地明显地显现出来，就造成了所谓的“哑巴英语”。Key word：English education area difference dumb English【关键词】 英语教学 地区差异 哑巴英语. IntroductionAs the world's third largest language，English is the most widely used language in the world. At the same time English also used as a formal international language. With the development of economy in our country, the government investment of the education in rural and urban areas was also increased, and the quality of the English teaching has also improved. But the problem was when the rural students enter the colleges, they found that the English has become a kind of language which can only seeing without saying. The cause of this reason is that the development between rural schools English teaching and the rural schools English teaching was not coordination, which is embodied in the configuration the teachers and so on. From the broad sense, although the education career in our country have developed rapidly, and also has made some brilliant achievements, but there are still have many unsatisfactory aspects, the performance is there still have a big difference in the education between cities and countries. Someone says that, the education in urban was like the life in Europe, and the education in rural was like the life in Africa. If the government want to change this situation as soon as possible. First is to shorten the gap the education between urban and rural schools, and improving the low status education in rural primary schools, this is also the inevitable requirement of society fair and society judgment. The purpose and significance of study. First Situation of study: The key to this topic is through the questionnaire and?visit schools to get the information data. Highlight the region on the present English teaching and has the potential to cause dumb English factors. Second Difficult of study: And difficult point is the questionnaire issued must have pertinence and universality school is numerous, material relative more, processing up more troublesome. So in actual operation difficulty will increase accordingly. Schools visit also have relative difficulty, many subjects and is not very positive fit investigation, therefore, and will give the paper increased the difficulty. . The Present Situation of Urban and Rural English Education in Primary SchoolsEnglish education in cities is started earlier at the end of 90s, and for the teaching methods have many new ways. First of all, the model of small class teaching expands the students into the activities of space and improves the students' self-study ability. And most of the children parents both have higher education. So they want their children Win on the starting line. And also many parents in cities is particularly concerned of their childrens English learning, from the beginning of the learning English the parents in cities keep training to cultivation their children to have self-study ability, for their children to study English well the parents create a good atmosphere for learning English, so the cities parent was well prepared for their children future of learning English. Finally, cities primary students can get more power from the environment. So the disposition of the cities student is lively, they are good at communicating with others and exchange, the interest in learning English is rather strong than the countries primary students.But for the they was not lucky like the cities students, Because of the English lessons in countries primary schools was started much more ten years later, and have many disadvantages from city region, such as a primary school English teachers, and hardware for the English study and other prominent problems, thereby a big negative affected in learning English of the students enthusiasm for learning English. For the families, most of the parent didnt have more education, they even never know pinyin moreover in English, and in the parents subconscious the most important things was not study, it was labor, the families needs more labor to work not knowledge to study. So, the students cant get more help from their family. In my opinion the most problem was not from the family, is the teacher and school. Because of the poor economic of the countries, the school cant offer the price of the teachers, and many, so the most English teacher was came from the local. The English teacher in primary schools didn't have the experience of study in the formal foreign language school, and some of them even cant pronounced the English in the right way, in the class the teacher only teach the students to reading the sentence in the books, did teach students grammar. Mainly the problem of countries students English learning is aspects factors influencing from the school, the family, the teacher and the student four parts. A Cause Analysis of the Differences1. Environmental and Teachers Factor1. 1 English teaching facilities in urban schoolsFor the English education, teaching facilities makes a certain extent greatly aided role; the teaching facilities can better help students to understand and vivid image of the cognitive knowledge. In urban middle and primary school classroom the teaching facilities, there have all the kinds of good facilities. For the begging of primary school, students can enjoy all the teaching hardware facilities such as the speech room, computer room, TV and CD players, and cassette recorder for what they needs for English learning.1.2 English teaching facilities in rural school But for the rural students, they were not as lucky as urban students. While in the rural primary school, because of the funds was serious shortage especially in the Township Primary School, they only have poor teaching facilities, in the classroom there only have the old desks chairs and a blackboard, some corresponding infrastructure resources are few, even they dont have the school library, some of the students even not have the materials and the laboratories lacking equipment, no voice speech classrooms, multimedia, this makes the rural primary school students stay far behind in the starting line.1.3 The educational investmentThe strength of educational investment is directly related to the development of education. The city has a strong economic strength as backing, so the investment in education was significantly higher than in rural areas. No matter the teachers, or the education facilities, urban school was significantly better than that of rural schools. So the students between the urban and rural of the ability of accept the new things and ability obvious was differences. Urban family education investment was significantly higher than in rural areas, such as urban students use holidays in different classes or specialty training, after-school learning opportunities than rural students. From the point of view of human resources, the imbalance of human teaching resources between urban and counterstrike areas is also the answer of problem about the increased teaching quality gap. From the point of view of teachers investment, there was a big problem, because the rural schools was lack of special funds, the education training of teacher is insufficient, many teachers education teaching concepts backward, a new round of curriculum reform was restricted in the downtown schools. Students only learned the backward teaching achievement, the students was limited in the course of study. And because of the poor economic of rural, schools was influent to attract teachers in rural, so the education resources was wasted, the knowledge field becomes more and more narrow what the young children accept. Because of the primary school English does not belong to the entrance exam subjects, so the school teaching value degree of English is much more lower than Chinese and mathematics, it constrained the development of English teaching vermiform, because of the school did not attention, it resulting in parents and teachers there have been some puffing, seriously affecting the normal operation of the English teaching. Although now the government carry out the high quality of education requirements, but most schools in rural still use the score to evaluate a student's quality. In the curriculum, every week they only have two or three times of English class. Once near the end of the term, the classes also will change into Chinese or mathematics, caused the insufficient of English class.1.4 The effects from the familyParents as the first idol in children mind and also parents are the children's first teacher. If the parents set an example such as be strict with themselves decency so their children were easy to develop the good behavior habits and moral sentiment. In the learning process the children will get much more positive influence from their parents and in their study of the romantic aspect was in relatively high level. On the contrary, if the parents were misconduct, while their children would never send learning into the primary position. From presentment situation in our country, between the urban and rural areas compared with the overall rural family parents by education and various comprehensive quality is still behind the urban family parents. Be the fact, these will affect the child's learning initiative. The same reason was the effect from the family of the English study is also important, because the parent is the first teacher of the children. Under normal circumstances, if the parents involved in their children education activity more, give children more guidance and encouragement, the children learning ability is more perfect. The school education, if the lack of cooperation of parents, the education function will be greatly diminished. First of all, the parents for their children education method is backward: their performance on the parents for their children requirements, some parents of their childrens request may be completed in school level; and most of the city's parents, due to their own level is higher, so the childrens request is also very high, their children demands are likely not just complete the tasks, but good to complete the tasks and think similar solutions to problems. So that children would become more competitive. So the child was able to successfully ascend to the top junior ready. Secondly, parents and children in communication have differences: because most rural parents ' cultural level is not high, the difficulty in learning for children to provide effective help, to help their children to solve the schoolwork was difficult, especially in English learning, they are basically zero communication, although some parents of children very concerned about the study. But the learning flesh in the rural areas is weak, unable to act in specific guidance; in comparison, the rural children and parents in learning communication is easier. Finally, in the knowledge expansion: parents in rural areas due to the lack of economic strength, less children would spend their money to buy books, so that children apart from textbooks, no other effective fresh knowledge sources. While the urban children in addition to the school library reading room, parents will be for them to buy some children interested in books, such as some foreign culture, scenic illustrations like. So that children view well open. A large number of rural labor force to egress for work, at the same time farmers' to create rich opportunities to income, rural areas has produced a special minor group rural left-behind children, further led to the education environment of the missing of children in the countryside family. Most of the left-behind children at home have a lot of housework and farm work to do, especially for parents party at home or only the child one people stay at home. Parents' long-term of job career damage the caused to children, a read without reading the same ideas, such as some parents think that children could not go to school in the future, it doesn't matter that, with parents go out to work to make money, this kind of thought influence, it is easy to encourage some bad grades students produce study useless thoughts. overall expectations of work out parents to their children study was too low, most countries left-behind children learning objective is not clear, the learning habit is poor, the specific performance have coming late, leaving early, class inattention, not a good finish homework, even truancy etc., this is because many migrant workers think that their children are clever enough, in the future will not have what big ambition, will be the future of the children in a position in, this kin