【精品】牛津译林版英语八下《unit 1 past and present》word教案学案全套.doc

Unit 1 Past and presentUnit 1 The 1st period Content: Grammar (一)Teaching aims:1.To learn some new words.2.To learn the use of the present perfect tense.3.To understand the difference between the present perfect tense and the simple past tense.Important and difficult points:The use if the perfect tense: have/ has +p.p.Teaching Procedures:Step1.Teach the new words from P8 to P12.Step2.Lead in the present perfect tense.T: When did you have breakfast? S:I had breaskfast an hour ago.T: He had breakfast an hour ago. He has had breakfast.(Bb)T: Where did you study English last term?S: We studied English in Shanxi No.2 Middle School.T: Yes. You studied English in Shanxi No.2 Middle School. You have studied here for about two years.(Bb)我们用一般过去时谈论过去发生的动作,但当过去发生的动作和现在有联系有影响时,我们用现在完成时态.(Refer to P9)Structure:  have/has+V(过分)Step3.How we form the past participles of verbs P10 (Add the simple past forms)Add: have-had-had hear-heard-heard buy-bought-bought go-went-gone do-did-done eat-ate-eaten forget-forgot-forgotten cut-cut-cut read-read-read Step 4.Explain the use of the present perfect tense.(一) 基本用法:1.到现在为止这段时间已发生的情况.动作从过去延续到现在.eg. She has been ill for three days. (Shes been) We have learned 2,000 English words. (Weve )2.某个动作虽是过去发生,但其后果和影响及于现在.eg. Thanks you.Ive had my supper.(现在用不着吃) Tom has seen the film.(对这部电影有所了解)(二) 时间状语:already,yet(否,疑),since,ever,never,just,before(句尾),for+时间段,recentlyeg. She has already finished her work.I have ever heard about it.Step 5.Change the above sentence patterns to general questions, negative sentences and question the underlined parts.Step 6.Make sentences P10 A1Step 7. Compare the difference between the present perfect tense and the simple past tense.现在完成时的特点是某一动作发生与现在有联系,一般过去时则单纯谈过去发生的某一动作,不涉及对现在的影响.eg.Simon has lost his watch./Simon lost his watch.Have you bought a pen?/When did you buy the pen? What did you have for lunch?/Have you had lunch?etc注:句中有表示过去的时间状语如yesterday,last week,ago etc,不能用现完.Step 8.Chat time P11,A2Step 9.Assignment Unit 1 The 2nd periodContent: Grammar (三) Teaching aims：1.To learn some new words.2.To learn the use of the present perfect tense.3.To understand the difference between “since” and “for”Important and difficult points:The differences: have been to & have gone toSince & forTeaching Procedures:Step1.Dictate the new words from P8 to P12Step2.Teach the new words from P1 to P7.Step3.Check the homework.Step4.Review the present perfect tense.Structure:  have/has+V(过去分词)Past participle: 规则动词的过去分词与过去式相同。Add some irregular verbs. teach-taught-taught bring-brought-broughtgetgotgot know-knewknown growgrew-grown find-foundfound holdheldheld showshowed-shownkeep-kept-kept leave-left-left lose-lost-lostrun-ran-run swim-swamswum     drivedrove-driven beginbegan-begunStep5.Review 时间状语 already/yet, never/ever 的用法。Step6.Explain the use of some words.(1).for 和 since 的区别。for 和表示一段时间的词组连用。eg. for six hours/nine days/ two weeks/thirty yearssince 和表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用。eg. since nine oclock this morning / last summer/ three weeks ago/ Septembersince 还可以引导时间状语从句，表示“自从.以来”。 eg. 自从他出生以来，他就住在这儿。  He has lived here since he was born.  自从我离开学校，我给他写过两次信。  I have written to him twice since I left school. We have been friends for five years. (1.用 since 改写句子 2.划线提问)We have been friends since 2000/ five years ago. (+时间点)I have known him for two months. (同上)(2).just 的用法just 作“刚刚”解时，多和现在完成时连用。eg. I have just finished lunch. 我刚吃过午饭。 The two visitors have just arrived. 两位来访者刚刚到达。just now “刚才”， 动词只能用过去时态。They gave it to me just now. 他们刚才将它给了我。(3).have gone to 去了（没回来） have been to 去过，到过 （已回来） eg. He has been to Beijing. 他到过北京。（现在他不在北京） He has gone to Beijing. 他上北京去了。（现在他不在这里） Where have you      ? I have       to the park. Where is he ? He has       to the library.Step7. Do exercises on P13.Step8.Assignment  Unit 1 The 3rd periodContent: Grammar (三)Teaching aims：1. To learn some new words.2. To learn the use of the present perfect tense.Important and difficult points:短暂性动词（瞬间性动词）由于动作不能延续，故不能与表示一段时间的状语for或since连用。常见的短暂性动词有：go, come, borrow, open, close, stop, join, marry, die, become, arrive, reach, begin, start, leave, receive, buy, put, lose，lend, find, finish等。如果表达上述短暂性动词“继续多长时间”的概念，则需要改用与之相应的表示状态的系表结构，这种系表结构多为 be+ 形容词（副词、介词短语等）构成Teaching Procedures:Step1.Dictate the new words from P1 to P7Step2.Teach the new words from P13 to P19.Step3.Check the homework.Step4.Add some irregular verbs.becomebecame-become choosechosechosen costcostcost drinkdrankdrunk feelfeltfelt givegavegiven growgrewgrown hurt-hurthurt lend-lent-lent pay-paid-paid meet-met-met Step5. Explain the grammar.短暂性动词（瞬间性动词）由于动作不能延续，故不能与表示一段时间的状语for或since连用。常见的短暂性动词有：go, come, borrow, open, close, stop, join, marry, die, become, arrive, reach, begin, start, leave, receive, buy, put, lose，lend, find, finish等。如果表达上述短暂性动词“继续多长时间”的概念，则需要改用与之相应的表示状态的系表结构，这种系表结构多为 be+ 形容词（副词、介词短语等）构成，试比较：误：He has come here for seven years.正：He has been here for seven years. He came here seven years ago.误：This factory has opened for several years.正：This factory has been open for several years.(open是形容词，表示“开”的状态。) This factory opened several years ago.( closebe closed 用法同上)类似的词还有：diebe dead     误：His father has died for two months.正：His father has been dead for two months/since two months ago. His father died two months ago.     buyhave误：Sam has bought the knife for a week .正：Sam has had the knife for a week /since a week ago. Sam bought the knife a week ago.get upbe up误：Xiao Ming has got up for an hour.正：Xiao Ming has been up for an hour. Xiao Ming got up an hour ago.leavebe away from误：She has left here for two years.正：She has been away from here for two years. She left here two years ago.      borrowkeep误：Tom has borrowed the book for two days.正：Tom has kept the book for two days.    Tom borrowed the book the day before yesterday.     joinbe in +组织/ be a .成员误：My brother has joined the League /army /Party for 10 years.正：My brother has been in the League /army /Party for 10 years/since 1995. 或 My brother has been a League member/ soldier/Party member     for 10 years/since1995. My brother joined the League /army /Party in 1995. start/ begin be on误：The film has begun for ten minutes.正： The film has been on for ten minutes. The film began ten minutes ago. come backbe back误：He has come back for three days.正：He has been back for three days. He came back three days ago.   marrybe married误：They have married for 15 years.正：They have been married for 15 years. They got married 15 years ago.Step6. AssignmentUnit 1 the 4th periodContent: Comic strip & Welcome to the unitTeaching aims: 1 To introduce the concept of situations that started in the past and are continuing in the present2 To in introduce the grammatical concept of the present perfect tense by focusing on a timeline and ordering information chronologically.Teaching procedures:Step 1: Dictate new words from “ own” to “check”.Step 2: Review the present perfect tense(三)1) Translate some sentences (oral practice)2) Correct mistakes 1 He has come back for two hours 2 Jimmy wrote to me since last week. 3 They got married since 10 years ago. 4 Kate has joined the league for three years. 5 We have never gone to Japan. 6 How long has he gone there? Since last Friday. 7 He has written two books since he has worked here. 8 How long did you go to the USA? Five years ago.Step 3: Warm-up activities1） Listen to a short dialogue and think about the following questions: a What did Eddie do? Why?b How has Eddie changed?c How has Hobo changed?2) Listen to the dialogue again and try to repeat after the tape3) Read the dialogue together and understand the meaning of the dialogue.4)Change some sentence patterns according to the dialogue Eg: Ive eaten it - I havent eaten it .- Have you eaten it? Yes, I have /No, I havent.5)Read it again and try to recite it .Step 4: Welcome to the unit  A Transport at different times Write the correct names under the pictures. B Back to the past Complete the timeline. Make sentences according to the time table  Eg: The peak tram has been in service since 1890/for 25 years. People began to use the peak tram in 1890.Step 5 AssignmentUnit 1 The 5th period Content: Reading (一)Teaching aims:1 To recognize types of questions used in interviews.2 To recognize extended answers to open questions.3 To infer general meaning from title and context.Important and difficult points:The understanding of the readingSome useful expressionsTeaching procedures:Step 1: Dictate some past participles.Step 2: Review the dialogue .Step 3: Read the text and find the answer the following questions.1) How long has Mr Dong known the Kowloon Walled City ?2) When did they move out of it ? why?3) How has the place changed?4) What was a problem before the closing of the old airport?5)How does he think about the life now?Step 4: Do the exercise on page 6 C1 and correct the false statement.Step 5: Learn the first half of the text and explain some useful expressions.1 used to do/be ；过去常常做/是 eg: He used to be a teacher. Be/get used to doing现在习惯于做eg: He is used to having noodles for breakfast.2 in fact . I thought this answer was right .in fact ,its wrong.3 live in a block live together/there live on the fifth floor4 get married to sb = marry sb . 与某人结婚。Eg: Tom got married to Mary last year =Tom married Mary last year. They got married last year.5 until 直到 not -until 直到才eg : He did his homework until 7 oclock yesterday evening He didnt do his homework until 7 oclock yesterday evening.6 actually adv.   adj-actual 真实的 ，实际的 eg ; what were his actual words? What did he actually say?7 change a lot change :v. Our city has changed a lot . change n. Great changes have taken place in our city . ( the changes to the Kowloon Walled City , the answer to the key tothe entrance to-)8 turn into 变成eg. Water turns into ice when it freezes     The shop has turned into a hotel 9 own v. 拥有 eg: I own a shop adj 自己的 I have my own shop. / of ones own: I have a shop of my own on ones own =by oneself =alone 独立，单独 He has worked on his own for three years.Step 6 Listen to the tape and read the learned part of the text .Step 7 Do the exercise on page 6 B  Match the words on the right with the meanings on the right.Step 8 Assignment  Unit 1 the 6th periodContent: Reading(二)Teaching aims:1 To grasp some useful expressions2 To retell the main idea of the text 3 To understand the use of some words through the exercises.Important and difficult points:Alone & lonelyTeaching proceduresStep 1: review the first part of the text a) important phrases b) ask and answer according to the text c) recite some part of the text Step 2 learn the rest of the text  1) let students ask questions and find answers together. 2) useful expressions.1 miss 想念 eg: I miss my old friends very much.错过 eg: He missed the early bus this morning.(miss doing -)2 pleasant :指环境，地方，行程的舒适愉快。多用于修饰事物。 Eg: The weather is usually pleasant here in May . The trip is pleasant. Pleased :指感到愉快。通常描述人。 Be pleased with- Eg:  Im pleased with your work. The teacher is pleased with us. 同根词-pleasure. With pleasure /Its my pleasure.3 take off 起飞  The plane has taken off. /脱下 Take off your coat. Its hot here.4 safely adv. land safely safe adj. The place is safe . safety n. Take him to safety.5 way 1）方面，方式，方法。in this way /that/another way      in some ways 在某些方面，在某种程度上 / a new way of teaching 一种新的教法。2）路 on ones way to- on his way to school / by the way 顺便问一下6 lonely adj.指人，表示寂寞孤独，指物，表示荒凉，无人居住的  eg: He feels lonely without friends./ This is a lonely house. alone adj./adv. 独自的（地） He lives alone .7 from time to time =sometimes=at times 8 Its adj ( for sb) to do- Its nice to have open space  Its interesting for us to fly kites. It has become more difficult to see my old friendsStep 3 Finish the exercises on page 7 C2 and D .Step 4 Assignment Unit 1 The 7th period Content: VocabularyTeaching aims:1.To develop an understanding of opposites.2.To use appropriate adjectives in context to express positive and negative meanings.Important and difficult points:OppositesTeaching procedures:Step1.Review the opposites1.Ask the students to give the opposites orally (P8)2.Explain: easy-difficult/hard expensive-cheap/inexpensive happy-sad/unhappy like-dislike(v.)/unlike(prep.)3. Review the prefixes and suffixes (give more examples besides the ones in the book)un- comfortable friendly able popular welcome fit tidy clear safe etc.dis- appearin- infamousir- regular-less helpful-helpless useful-useless careful-careless4. Give more oppositesfirst-last love-hate noisy-quiet day-night beginning-end rich-poor big-small interesting-boring short-long/tall etcStep2.Correct the mistakes in Millies e-fileNote: although(though) conj. 从属连词,引导让步状语从句,表示虽然,尽管,不能与but连用.eg. Although(though) he is young,he knows a lot. We felt happy although(though) we were tired.Step3.Exercises1.They _(be) in New York for seven years.They _(move) there in 1998.2. If it _(be) fine tomorrow,we _(go) for a picnic.3. Mr Green _(teach) English in this city since he _(come) here in 1995.4. _ you ever _(make) a ship? Yes,I _(make) one last year.5. It _(be) a small village in the past.But things _(change) a lot over the years.6. Its nice _(have) a pretty garden.We enjoy _(play) there.7. Im afraid I _ (miss) the meeting.It _(begin) an hour ago .It _for half an hour already.8. He _(finish) his homework.Now he _(have) a rest.Step3.Assignment Unit 1 The 8th period Content: Integrated skills A Teaching aims:1. To listen for details about changes to Lantau Island.2. To focus on general meaning by identifying specific details in pictures and general context.3. To understand and respond to factual information presented in written and oral forms.4.To respond to information obtained from listening by completing a letter.Important and difficult points:Four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writingTeaching procedures:Step1.Revision1.Review and dictate some past participles.2.Review the opposites.3.Check homework.Step2