stress-7-yrs-english-病理生理学双语ppt课件.ppt

1,Stress,Chengwu Liu2014,2,Stress,ReviewGeneral response in stressCellular response in stressmetabolic and function changed in stressstress and diseases,OUTLINE,3,1 Basic concepts of stress,Stressor,Classification of stress response,Significance of stress,Stress,Stress,6,2Stressor The stimuli or agents that induce stress.,Stressor,Psychological,sociological factors,Internal factors,External factors,Work pressure,life rhythm,interpersonal relation,Cold,heat,toxins,drugs,bacteria,light.,Homeostasis,disease,cancer.,Stress,7,Stress,8,9,human organism animal plant?stress emergence reaction,Higher organism,Lower organism,10,Mimosa,11,Psychological stress,3Classification of stress response,Stress reaction,Physical stress,Physical,chemical,Psycho-social factors,Stress,12,4Significance of stress,Defense and damnification are concomitance，they are reciprocal transformation.Defense:stress is a transmutation of organism adaptation,it can increase the bodys readiness,and help the body fight or flight.Damnification:If stress is too strong or stimulate the body too long,it is harmful,and can lead to stress-induced diseases.,Stress,13,2 General response in stress,Stress,14,15,Neuroendocrine responses to stress,Neuroendocrine responses,Locus ceruleus-norepinephrine/Sympathetic-adrenal medulla axis（LC-NE）,catecholamine(CA),Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex system(HPA)activated,glucocorticoid(GC),Stress,other hormonal responses to stress,16,(1)LC-NE components（central integrating and regulating）,palliumLimbic systemParaventricular nucleus（PVN）,Social-psycho stress,Cortex adrenal gland,pituitary,Stress,Emotional reaction,1.Locus ceruleus-Norepinephrine（LC-NE）,17,1）Center Effects Cause emotions:excitement,awake,nervous and anxiety.Essential for initiating the HPA axis.（upward fibers of LC）,Stress,(2)Basic effects of LC-NE,18,Stress,2）Peripheral Effects Plasma CA（Adr,NE,Dopamine）level rapidly.（downward fibers of LC）,(2)Basic effects of LC-NE,19,Stress,(3)Functional and metabolic responses in body,20,GLUT2(glucose transport protein),glucose,glucose,insulin,Glucagon,cell,pancreas,cell,pancreas,21,22,Aim：body enter“arouse”state to cope with changed environment.,23,PVN,pituitary,Cortex of adrenal gland,Emotion stress response,amygdala,hippocampi,limbic system,LC-NE,Peripheral effectorPhysical stress response,24,PVN,Limbic systemIntegrate signals,Physical stress signal,pituitary,ADH,(2)Basic effects of stress Effects of CNS,Stress,CRH,sympathetic-adrenalMedulla excited,CA,+,-endorphin,25,(2)Basic effects of stress,Stress,suitable CRH facilitate adaptation excitement,delighted excessive CRH adaptation disturbance anxiety,depression,Effects of peripheral:via GC,26,GC:maintain blood pressure and enhance the function of CA,glucagon in lipid mobilization.,defense bad impacts,(3)the physiological significance of elevated GC(GC25-37mg/d）,Stress,blood glucose&energy supply,improve cardiovascular function,restrain inflammation,tissue injury,stabilize lysosome membrane,protein decomposed,immune restrain,infection,inhibit tissue regeneration,depress sexual gland axis,slow growth;behavior change,27,Question:Whats the mechanisms of elevated blood glucose during stress？,insulin:islet cell-R activated insulin excretionGlucagon:CAislet cell-R activated its excretionGC：the lipid mobilization of CA&glucagon,28,29,30,31,32,4.general adaptation syndrome(GAS),alarm stageresistance stageexhaustion stage,Stress,33,General adaptation syndrome（GAS）,Alarm stage,Resistance stage,Exhaustion stage,Response rapidly，short duration.Sympathetic-adrenal medulla excited,Arouse,emergency mobilization,Sympathetic-adrenal medulla response，GC increased gradually,Alarm symptoms present again,GC continue；homeostasis broken,Defense deposit is gradually consumed.,Exhaustion of resistance,Stress,34,General Adaptation Syndrome,35,3 cellular response in stress,expressed proteins in Cells,Acute phase protein,(APP)Heat shock protein,(HSP),36,【Negative AP】proteins down-regulated during acute phase response:albumin,pre-albumin,Fe+-carrying protein.,【Acute phase protein】Some proteins expressed during acute phase response.,【Acute phase response】A non-specific reaction occurred shortly after(hours to days)some disorders,especially infective diseases,trauma,inflammation and immune diseases.,1.Acute phase protein,APP,37,APP is synthesized in liver.APP is a secretive protein,increased in stress.,Stress,(1)Origin of APP,38,proteinase suppressive pro.:1 antichymotrypsin coagulation&plasmin related pro.stress thrombinogen,plasmin,fibrinogen,factor complements transfer pro.（copper-pro.,haptoglobin.etc）other pro.（CRP,1 acid glycoprotein）,(2)Classification of APP,39,depress the activity of protease tissue injury protease suppressive pro.tissue injury the generation of OFR copper-protein activate SOD；OH-.,Stress,(3)Function of APP,40,promotion of the function of phagocyte anti-inflammation CRP+bacteria wall phagocytosis eliminate necrosis tissue CRP(-)platelet phospholipase C inflammatory mediator necrosis tissue eliminate,Stress,41,2.Heat shock protein,HSP,【definition】a protein family produced under stress especially in heat environment.,42,(1)Factors inducing HSP production,【HSP biological features】non-specific in induce universal conservative in structure,Stress,43,(2)basic structure of HSP,HSP70 structure,ATPase motif(highly conservative),Recognising motif（variable）,Protease binding site,N-450 aa residual,200 aa residual-C,Stress,44,HSP：HSP110,HSP90,HSP70,HSP60&small HSP.,induced HSP induced by various stressors,repair or get rid of injured protein to prevent cells from severe injury.,structural HSP structural pro.In cells,help to fold,transfer or degradation new or injured protein“Molecular chaperone”,(3)function and classification,45,The major function of HSP folding translocation renaturation degradation,46,47,(4)HSP gene expression regulation,Stress,48,1.Effects on metabolism【features】metabolic rate,decomposition,synthesis,Stress,4 metabolic and function changed in stress,49,（3）lipid metabolism fat mobilization,utilization free fatty acid,ketobody,（4）protein metabolism AA provide material for APP,HSP synthesis,Stress,50,2.System and organ changes,Stress,（1）CNS HPA axis:suitable excited is helpful for good memory and emotion.HPA:excessive excited or depressive CNS dysfunction（awake),51,（4）immune system:depression（5）blood system,（2）cardiovascular：HR，contractility，CO，BP。（3）digestive system:appetite，stress ulcer,Stress,52,1.Stress ulcer（1）definition,（2）manifestations bleeding：stress ulcer：,Stress,5 stress and diseases,53,Stress,54,（2）GC（3）PGs,Stress,55,2)genetic susceptibility is activated,3 hypertension 1)RAAS excited,EmotionNoiseExertionTension,stressors,hypothalamus,sympathetic N impulse,CA,Contraction of BV,renin,angiotesin,Aldo,Water and Na retension,Arterial pressure,hypertension,Stress,56,Child,male,10 years.left arm and lower left limb have been burn for a large area.on admission,T：37.5,HR:125/min,Bp:135/80mmHg,WBC:1.5109/L,N:0.90.GLU:10mmol/L(normal fasting blood glucose:3.9-6.0mmol/L).After 2-3 days,it is unwell in epigastrium,with dark stools twice,fecal occult blood（+）.questions：1)What is the pathologic status in this patient？2)Why this patient have dark stools？Explain the pathogenesy.3)How about the neuroendocrine system in this patient？,57,QUESTIONS,1Illustrate the significance and disadvantages of CA and GC in stress.2How about the body metabolic changes during stress?3How about the features and mechanism of stress ulcer?4Whats heat shock protein？,