宾语从句和表语从句课件.ppt

We,主,s,We,主,s,know,him,简单句,谓,v,宾,o,know,he likes English.,复合句,谓,v,主,s,谓,v,宾,o,宾,o,The Objective Clause,宾语从句,1)I know that he will come.,2)I wonder whether/if she remembered my birthday.,4)It depends on whether they will support us.,5)He doesn,t care what the headmaster said.,6)Please tell me when,he came back from the south.,7)Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?,8)He asked whose book it belonged to.,1)I know,that,he will come.,2)I wonder,whether/if,she remembered my birthday.,4)It depends on,whether,they will support us.,5)He doesn,t care,what,the headmaster said.,6)Please tell me,when,he came back from the south.,7)Will you tell me,how,I can keep fit and healthy?,8)He asked,whose book,it belonged to.,Questions,1.,什么是宾语从句？,2.,哪些词性后常接宾语从句？,3.,引导宾语从句的连接词有哪些？,1,、,在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫,宾语从句。,2,、宾语从句常放在,及物动词,和,介,词,之后。,3,、宾语从句的语序,-,陈述,语序,（主语,+,谓语）,4,、连接词有：,从属连词,that,whether,if,连接代词,who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whatever,等,连接副词,where,how,why,when,等,从属连词,that,引导的宾语从句,注,1,：,that,在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能,充当成分，在口语和非正式文体中常,省略。,我听说他一小时后回来。,I hear(that)he will be back in an hour.,是不是所有的,that,都能省略？,从属连词,that,引导的宾语从句,注,2,：如果宾语从句太长，可以用,it,做形式,宾语，将真正的宾语放于句末,连接词,that,不能省略。,consider,find,think,feel,make,believe,等动词常,带宾语补足语,用,it,做形式宾语,宾语从句放到宾,补之后,1.,We,think,that,middle school students master one foreign,language,possible,.,(,改用形式宾语,it),2.,We have,made,that,a foreign language is useful weapon,in the struggle of life,clear,.,(,改用形式宾语,it),3.,我认为学好英语是非常必要的。,有从属连词,that,引导的宾语从句,注,3,：当主句的谓语动词是,think,believe,suppose,expect,等引导否定含义的,宾从时，要把否定结构移到上述动,词上来。,我认为你是不对的。,I don,t think you are right.,I don,t believe they will come here.,从属连词,if,whether,引导的宾语从句,注,1,：,whether,if,有“是否”的含义，在从句,也不充当成分。,老师问我们是否准备好了期末考试。,The teacher asked us if/whether we,are ready for the final examination.,I,doubt,whether he will be against the idea.,doubt,1.,I,doubt,if/whether,he will pass,the exam.,2.,I,don,t doubt,that,we will win,the match.,3.,Do you doubt,that,he did it on,his own?,肯定句中用,if/whether,否定句中用,that,疑定句中用,that,1.,I doubt _he is telling the truth.,if/whether,that,2.,We never doubt _ the plan will be carried out.,that,3.,Does he doubt _ you are from Austria?,if/whether,4.,I,m doubtful _ he will agree to this.,从属连词,if,whether,引导的宾语从句,a.,引导宾语从句时,whether,与,if,可以互换,:,She asked me,whether/if,the teacher would leave.,b.,作介词的宾语或同不定式连用时只能用,whether,；,It all depends,on whether,they will help us.,I dont know,whether,to go.,c.,和,or(not),连在一起时只能用,whether,引导；,The meal will be ready for her,whether,she comes,or not,.,d.,位于句首引导主语从句只能用,whether,；,Whether,they will come is unknown.,e.,引导表语从句、同位语从句时只能用,whether,引导；,The question was,whether,Tom has gone to Shanghai.,The issue,whether,he will come tomorrow is under discussion.,连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句,注：连接代词,what,which,who,等在从句中可,充当主语，表语，宾语等；,连接副词,when,where,how,等在从句中可,充当状语。,1.I didn,t hear _he wanted me to do.,what,that/which,I didn,t hear the news _he wanted me to know.,2.Ms Xiao asked,who,could answer the question.,3.He wants to know,whom/who,they are waiting for?,4.He asked me,why,I was late for class this morning?,5.He asked,whose,writing was the best in the class?,that how whether what,that,1.He doesn,t doubt _ she can pass,the exam.,2.,Could you do me a favor?,-It depends _ it is.,what,3.We haven,t settled the question of,whether,_ it is necessary for him to study abroad.,how,4.Do you know _ Tom is getting with his,neighbors?,5,、时态与语序：,Why are,you so,happy?,He asked,Why,you,were,so,happy?,Am I taller than you?,He aske,d,if/whether,was,He taller,than them.,宾语从句的时态与语序,1,）宾语从句的语序为陈述语序,May I ask what,you are,doing in this country and,what,your plans are,?,2),主句用现在时时,从句可根据需要选用各种时态,I,think,that the Greens,have left,for Hawaii.,I,want,to know if/whether he,will go,surfing this,afternoon.,3),主句为过去时,从句用相对应的过去时态,1.Tom said.He is reading a book.,Tom said,that,he was reading a book.,2.Who bought the pen?He wondered.,He wondered,who,had bought the pen.,3.Where is the hospital?He told me.,He told me,where,the Hospital was.,4.He asks me.Are they playing a game?,He asks me,if/whether,they are playing a game.,注意,：如从句表示客观真理,可用现在时,Yesterday Tom,said,that the earth,goes,round the,sun.,The Predicative,Clause,表语从句,1.,Her question was that she has no time to,look after her daughter.,2.The question is whether,the boy will turn up,in time.,3.Tom is no longer what he used to be.,4.That is where I can,t agree with you.,1.,Her question was,that,she has no time to,look after her daughter.,2.The question is,whether,the boy will turn up,in time.,3.Tom is no longer,what,he used to be.,4.That is,where,I can,t agree with you.,Questions,1.,什么是表语从句？,2.,引导表语从句的连接词有哪些？,3.,哪些词性后常接表语从句？,表语从句,从句在句中充当,表语,成分，一般放在,连,系动词,之后,.,作用：对主语进行解释说明。,连接词：,that/whether,（,if,不引导表语从句，,that,不省,),连接代词：,who/whom/whose/which/what,(,充当,主语,宾语,定语,表语，有自己的词义,.),连接副词：,when/where/why/how/because,(,有,词义，,充当时间,地点,方式,原因状语,.),1.,that,仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常,不可省略,。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解,释的作用。,e.g.,The chance is,that,one smoker in four will die from,smoking.,2.whether,引导的表语从句,连接词,whether,起连接作用，,意为“是否、究竟、到底”,（,注意,：,if,不能引导表语从句,),在句中也不作任何成分。,e.g.,The question is,whether,that man will turn up in time,3.,where,when,why,how,引导的表语从句,连接副词,where,when,why,how,除在句中起连接作用,外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身,具有词义。,e.g.Thats,where,I cant agree with you.,This is,why,Sara was late for the meeting.,This is,how,they overcome the difficulties.,My strongest memory is,when,I attended an,American wedding.,注意下列表语从句中,where,how,why,的译法,1.,This is,where,Lu Xun once lived.,这就是鲁迅曾经住过,的地方,.,这就是,的地方,This is how,2.,That was,how,they won the match.,这就是,的方法,他们就是,这样,赢得这场比赛的,.,This is why,.,3.,This is,why,she got up so early this morning.,这就是,的原因,这就是她,为什么,今天早上起得这么早,的原因,.,1.,我们就是这样克服困难的,.,This is where,This is/That was how we overcame the difficulties.,2.,那就是他昨天缺席的原因,.,That is why he was absent yesterday.,3.,这就是我们上星期碰头的地方,.,This is where we met last Sunday.,4.,What who which,等,引导的表语从句,连接代词：,who/whom/whose/which/what(,充,当,主语,宾语,定语,表语，有自己的词义,.),e.g.Thats,what,he could do at the age of 6.,Tom is,whom,you can turn to when you have trouble.,1.,I am afraid he,s more of a talker than a doer,which is,_ he never finishes anything.2011,山东卷,A.that,B.when,C.where,D.why,D,2.I,d like to start my own business-that,s _ I,d do if,I had the money(2011,陕西卷）,.,A.why B.when C.which D.what,D,3.One reason for her preference for city life is_ she,can have easy access to places like shops and,restaurants.,（,10,上海,36,）,A.that B.how C.what D.why,A,4.,I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on,Sundays.,（,10,江苏,35,）,D,Thats_I dont agree.You should have a more active life.,A.where B.how C.when D.what,5.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel,David Copperfield,was _ it was rather closely modeled on his,own life.,（,10,北京,32,）,A.what B.that C.why D.whether,B,1.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he,could have expressed it differently.,（,2012,北京）,A.why,B.how,C.that,D.whether,c,B,A,2.Scientists study _ human brains work to make,computers.,（,2012,四川）,A.,when B.how C.that D.whether,3.The shocking news made me realize _ terrible,problems we would face.,（,2011,北京卷,),A.what B.how C.that D.why,4.The message you intend to convey through words may be the,exact opposite of _ others actually understand.,(2011,上海卷,),A.why B.that C.which D.what,D,5.We,ve offered her the job,but I don,t know_ she,ll accept it,（,2011,山东卷）,.,A.where,B.what,C.whether,D.which,c,6.His writing is so confusing that it,s difficult to make out _it is,he is trying to express.(2011,安徽卷,),A.,that B.how C.who D.what,D,7.Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are,if we want to succeed.(2011,四川卷,),A.why B.how C.what D.which,C,8.Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _,to read first.,（,2011,辽宁卷）,A.what B.who C.how D.why,C,9.It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention,can be of to human life.,（,2011,重庆卷）,A.,whose,B.what,C.which,D.that,B,10.We should respect food and think about the people who don,t have,_ we have here and treat food nicely.,（,2010,福建,35,）,A.,that B.which C.what D.whether,C,11.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the,office knew _she was so angry.,（,2010,湖南,35,）,A.where B.whether C.that D.why,D,12.As a new graduate,he doesn,t know_ it takes to start a,business here.,（,2010,天津,14,）,A.how,B.what,C.When,D.which,B,关联词比较,whether/if,whether/if,1.Please tell me you will go to,the lecture tomorrow.,2.It all depends on,whether,the sky will,clear up.,whether,3.The question is,the film is well,worth seeing.,whether,4.he will be well tomorrow,I am not sure.,whether,5.it is true remains a problem.,A.,B.,C.,D.,引导宾语从句时可互换,.,位于介词后要用,whether.,位于句首时要用,whether.,引导表语从句,主语从句,从句时,要用,whether.,同位语,what/that,that,?,1.I think it is unnecessary for me,to speak louder.,what,2.His mother is satisfied with he,has done.,That,?,3.he was able to come made us,happy.,what,?,4.This is makes us interested.,?,5.The reason was Tod had never,that,seen the million pound note before.,所引导的从,汉语意义,句是否,缺主,语,表语,宾语,what,什么,;,所,.,的,缺,(,东西,/,事情,),能否省略,不能省略,that,不缺,无意义,引导宾语从,句时可省略,.,Correct the mistakes(,改错,),1.He asked me why was I late for school.,2.,Tom didnt know what he does yesterday.,3.Li lei said the earth went around the sun.,4.,He doesnt know that when he can come,back.,5.Lily said she didnt know how much did,the computer cost.,6.I dont know if he can help me or not.,1.He asked me why was I late for school.,I was,注意语序。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。,即先主语后谓语,2.Tom didnt know what he does yesterday.,did,3.Li lei said the earth went around the sun.,客观事实或真理用一般现在时,goes,4.He doesnt know that when he can come,back.,去掉,that,宾语从句中不能同时用两个连接词,5.Lily said she didnt know how much did,the computer cost.,去掉,did,宾语从句应用陈述语序,6.I dont know if he can help me or not.,whether,whetheror not,和,whether or not,1.We cannot figure out_ quite a number of,C,insects,birds,and animals are dying out.,A.that B.as C.why D.when,A,2.A modern city has been set up in_ was a,wasteland ten years ago.,A.what B.which C.that D.where,B,3.Parents are taught to understand_important,education is to their childrens future.,A.that B.how C.such D.so,4.You are saying that everyone should be,equal,and this is _ I disagree.,B,A.why B.where C.what D.how,5.I think Father would like to know_ Ive,C,been up to so far,so I decide to send him a,quick note.A.which B.why C.what D.how,6.The road is covered with snow.I cant,A,understand_ they insist on going by,motorbike.A.why B.whether C.when D.how,7.-,Are you still thinking about yesterdays,game?-,Oh,thats_.,A,A.what makes me feel excited,B.whatever I feel excited about,C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited,8.People have heard what the President has,D,said;they are waiting to see_ he will do.,A.how B.that C.when D.what,9.-,I think its going to be a big problem.,-Yes,it could be.,b,-I wonder _ we can do about it.,A.if B.how C.what D.that,10.Perseverance is a kind of quality-and,thats _ it takes to do anything well.,A,A.what B.that C.which D.why,A,11.I really dont know _ I had this,photo taken.,A.where it was that B.it was that,C.where it was D.it was why,12.Never take _for granted that I will,B,help you.Better depend on yourself.,A.that B.it C.which D.this,C,13.It looks _he is unhappy today.,A.that B.if C.as if D.whether,14.These wild flowers are so special I,A,would do_ I can to save them.A.,whatever B.that C.which D.whichever,D,15.The old woman was shocked by _,had happened to her daughter.,A.whom B.which C.that D.what,单项选择,C,16.I dont know_ we can live on the island without any food.,A.where B what C how D that,B,17.Could you tell me _?,A Where is the part?B Whos on duty?,C Whose book is this?D What are they doing?,B,18.The teacher told us that the earth _around the sun.,A moved B moves C move D moving,C,19.Could you tell me _?,A if he would come tomorrow,B will he come tomorrow,C whether he will come tomorrow,D If he comes tomorrow,C,20.I did nt know that Mr.Smith _yet.,A.,has returned B has returned,C had returned D returned,1.We wonder how,we shall do next.,what,2.Could you tell me where are they,having,a picnic?,they are,3.We believe that they have finished their,task,dont we,?,havent they,4.I am sorry that I,dont,know you want to take,didnt,part in the competition.,5.Mr.Li seems that,he is very expert at repairing,at computers.,as if,?,who/whoever,Who,1.The competition is coming.will attend,the meeting hasnt been decided yet.,whoever,2.I believe takes part in the,competition will try his best.,what/whatever,what,3.Can you tell me you d like to order?,4.,Whatever,happens,dont be surprised.,5.All the food here is delicious.Just order,Whatever,you like.,名词从句,who,whoever,what,whatever,让步状语从,句,/,表,“谁”,表”,.”,的任,表”,不论谁”,何人,/,表”什么”,“所,.,的东西”,表”,.,的任,“,无论什么”,何东西”,1.We cannot figure out_ quite a number of,C,insects,birds,and animals are dying out.,A.that B.as C.why D.when,A,2.A modern city has been set up in_ was a,wasteland ten years ago.,A.what B.which C.that D.where,B,3.Parents are taught to understand_important,education is to their childrens future.,A.that B.how C.such D.so,4.You are saying that everyone should be,equal,and this is _ I disagree.,B,A.why B.where C.what D.how,5.I think Father would like to know_ Ive,C,been up to so far,so I decide to send him a,quick note.A.which B.why C.what D.how,6.The road is covered with snow.I cant,A,understand_ they insist on going by,motorbike.A.why B.whether C.when D.how,7.-,Are you still thinking about yesterdays,game?-,Oh,thats_.,A,A.what makes me feel excited,B.whatever I feel excited about,C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited,8.People have heard what the President has,D,said;they are waiting to see_ he will do.,A.how B.that C.when D.what,9.-,I think its going to be a big problem.,-Yes,it could be.,C,-I wonder _ we can do about it.,A.if B.how C.what D.that,10.Perseverance is a kind of quality-and,thats _ it takes to do anything well.,A,A.what B.that C.which D.why,A,11.I really dont know _ I had this,photo taken.,A.where it was that B.it was that,C.where it was D.it was why,12.Never take _for granted that I will,B,help you.Better depend on yourself.,A.that B.it C.which D.this,C,13.It looks _he is unhappy today.,A.that B.if C.as if D.whether,14.These wild flowers are so special I,A,would do_ I can to save them.A.,whatever B.that C.which D.whichever,D,15.The old woman was shocked by _,had happened to her daughter.,A.whom B.which C.that D.what,1.Go and get your coat.Its_you left it.,A.there B.where C.there were D.where there,2.The problem is_ he has enough time.,A.if B.whether C./D.that,3.He made a promise_ he would help me.,A.what B.when C.that D.which,4.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village.,A.how B.when C.where D.what,5.It is generally considered unwise to give a,child_ he or she wants.,A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever,6.What the doctor really doubt is _my mother will recover,from The serious disease soon.,A.when B.how C.whether D.why,7.Go ang get your coat.Its_you left it.,A.there B.where C.there where D.where there,8.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.,-Is that _ yo