PROFINET基于以太网标准要点课件.ppt
,概述,Profinet,A&D CS2 FA,2,Service&Support,2,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,自动化发展趋势,?,集中控制,-,分布式控制,?,在所有的自动化层上使用以太网,?,在自动化系统中开放式的,IT,标准得到更多的应用,?,IT,和自动化系统一起发展,需求,&,发展趋势,3,Service&Support,3,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,形成统一网络的结构,?,减少接口,?,设备的安装范围更广阔,?,至上而下从企业控制层直到现场层的连续,在自动化系统中使用,IT-,技术的优势,?,远程访问,?,Web,服务,?,软件更新,相对当前系统的高级之处,?,更高的性能,?,没有数量的限制,?,操作简单,为什么在工业环境中使用以太网,?,需求,&,发展趋势,4,Service&Support,4,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,Industrial Automation,工业自动化对于以太网的特殊要求,Industrial,approved,Installation,Plant wide,Engineering,High,Availability,Quick,Reaction Times,Efficient,Network and,Device,Diagnostics,Configurable,Access Protection,Safety approved,Applications,Integration,of existing,Plants,需求,&,发展趋势,5,Service&Support,5,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,PROFINET,基于工业以太网标准,全面地解决方案,!,PROFINET,IT-Standards,&Security,Process,Distributed,Intelligence,Distributed,Field Devices,Motion,Control,Real-time,Communication,Network,Installation,Safety,Answer:PROFINET,6,Service&Support,6,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,PROFINET,是由,PROFIBUS&PROFINET International(PI),推,出的,开放式工业以太网标准,PROFINET,是基于工业以太网,PROFINET,遵循,TCP/IP,和,IT,标准,PROFINET,是实时以太网,PROFINET,可以无缝集成现场总线系统,PROFINET,解决方案,!,PROFINET,7,Service&Support,7,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,动机,?,Ethernet,采用随机争用型介质访问方法,(CSMA/CD),?,存在的问题：如果网络负载过高，无法预测网络延迟时间,Transmit,ter,Switch,Switch,Switch,Switch,Switch,Switch,Receiver,A,B,C,D,E,F,Further stations,?,只要有通信需求，各以太网节点,(A-F),均可向网络发送数据,?,报文可能在主干网中被缓冲,8,Service&Support,8,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,现场通信中的,QoS,要求,QoS,级别,1,2,3,4,应用类型,控制器之间,分布式,IO,设备,运动控制,组态编程,/,参数,反应时间,100ms,10ms,1ms,尽力,抖动,/,/,1us,9,Service&Support,9,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,交换技术,?,以太网帧的优先级划分在,IEEE 802.1q,标准中定义,?,四个额外的数据字节用于控制不同优先级数据帧的传输,?,数据帧,1,正在发送中,，无法中断正在进行的传输任务,?,数据帧,2,的优先级低于数据帧,3,，因而被暂时搁置,Port 1,Queue for port 1,Port 2,Port 3,1,3,2,1,3,2,1,2,3,10,Service&Support,10,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,改善的通信堆栈性能,?,数据准备和处理所需的时间与通信无关,?,优化通信堆栈循环时间,?,线路传输时间可忽略,(100 Mb/s),提供,数据,通信堆栈,提供者,处理,数据,通信堆栈,消费者,传输,?,T1,?,T2,?,T3,11,Service&Support,11,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,如何获得以太网,QoS,?,使用专用交换技术和全双工,FCX,通道,?,遵循,IEEE802.1D/Q,的优先级别，采用服务类别,CoS,机制,时间要求严格的应用场合,“,尽力“,应用场合,?,优化设备处理时间,12,Service&Support,12,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,分类,根据响应时间不同有三种通信方式,?,TCP/IP,标准,?,实时,(RT),通信,?,等时同步实时,(IRT),通信,两种应用方式,?,集成分布式,I/O,的,PROFINET IO,?,用于创建模块化的,PROFINET CBA,13,Service&Support,13,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,RT,通信堆栈,标准通道,TCP/IP and UDP/IP,?,组态和参数化,?,诊断数据,?,装载,网络连接,?,建立用户数据通信通道,实时通道,RT,?,高性能、循环用户数据传输,?,事件触发的消息,/,报警,实时通道,IRT,?,同步用户数据传输,?,抖动,1,sec,实,时,RT,IRT,实时,1,Ethernet,TCP/UDP,PROFINET,应用程序,IT,应用,e.g.,?,HTTP,?,SNMP,?,DHCP.,标准数据,实时数据,IP,3,1,2,3,ASIC,PN IO with IRT,2,14,Service&Support,14,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,PROFINET,报文的结构,依照,IEEE 802.3,标准的报文格式,PROFINET real-time,报文的,Ether type,?,0 x0800:IP,报文,?,0 x8892:PROFINET real-time,报文,通过,Frame-ID,确定接收数据的分配,?,循环传输,(,过程值,),?,事件触发传输,(,报警和事件,),状态信息,?,设备和数据状态,(,如：运行，停止，错误,),Pre-,ambel,7 Byte,Source,MAC,6 Byte,Dest.,MAC,6 Byte,Priority,Tagging*,4 Byte,Frame,ID,2 Byte,FCS,4 Byte,Prozess data,up to 1440 Byte,Sync,1 Byte,Ether-,type,2 Byte,Ethernet Frame,Status,Information,4 Byte,PROFINET specific,Ethernet-Standard,*According to 802.1 Q,PROFINET,实时,15,Service&Support,15,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,PROFINET,实时通信,?,综合通信技术和短的响应时间,?,实时和,IT,通信在同一介质上进行,?,高性能的实时通信，可应用于高性能场合,?,TCP/IP,通信不受限制,IT services,1 ms,10 ms,100 ms,Internet,工厂自动化,运动控制,TCP/IP,IRT,RT,16,Service&Support,16,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,PROFINET,实时通信,PROFINET,根据性能不同可划分为两种实时类型,(Ethertype,0 x8892).,实时,(RT):,?,使用标准网络器件,?,工作特性与目前的现场总线类似,(,如,PROFIBUS),?,典型应用场合：工厂自动化,等时实时,(IRT):,?,时钟同步的通信,?,借助,Switch-ASIC,芯片,?,典型应用场合：运动控制中的驱动控制,17,Service&Support,17,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,RT,通信要求,更新时间,?,工厂自动化：,5-10 ms,?,运动控制：,1 ms,，抖动,1,s(,时间同步,),处理器负责应用程序的处理，实时通信不应过分占据处理器资源,?,处理器的主要任务是处理应用程序,实时通信必须可应用于现有的以太网络结构中,?,对现有通信不造成影响,?,使用标准网络器件,(,如交换机,),?,装置采用标准以太网控制器,18,Service&Support,18,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,STEP 7,中组态,PROFINET IO RT,PN IO with RT,19,Service&Support,19,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,更新时间,?,组态中定义了时间,Phase=Send clock,在此时间内过程数据将被发送,?,在同一个时间片内，实时数据和,TCP/IP,数据可以被一起发送,?,所有设备数据更新数据的时间和就是,update time,1,2,3,1,3,TCP/IP,TCP/IP,TCP/IP,1,2,3,TCP/IP,.,Update time e.g.2ms,Send clock,e.g.1ms,1,Phase2,Phase3,Phase1,PN IO with RT,20,Service&Support,20,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,iMap,组态,PROFINET CBA RT,PN CBA with RT,21,Service&Support,21,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,IT services,1 ms,10 ms,100 ms,Internet,工厂自动化,运动控制,TCP/IP,IRT,RT,等时实时通信,IRT,运动控制要求,?,总线周期小于,1 ms,?,时钟同步及确定性,?,抖动小于,1,s,?,Time scheduled transmission,PN IO with IRT,22,Service&Support,22,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,IRT,通信堆栈,标准通道,TCP/IP and UDP/IP,?,组态和参数化,?,诊断数据,?,装载,网络连接,?,建立用户数据通信通道,实时通道,IRT,?,同步用户数据传输,?,抖动,1,sec,实,时,RT,IRT,实时,1,Ethernet,TCP/UDP,PROFINET,应用程序,IT,应用,e.g.,?,HTTP,?,SNMP,?,DHCP.,标准数据,实时数据,IP,3,1,2,3,ASIC,PN IO with IRT,23,Service&Support,23,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,等时模式的实时,Cycle 1,Cycle 2,=time domain,Cycle n,IRT-,channel,Standard,channel,Isochronous,communication,Standard,communication,IRT-,channel,Standard,channel,IRT-,channel,RT-,communication,TCP/IP-data,IRT-data,E.g.1 ms position control cycle,通信系统时间安排,?,实时和,TCP/IP,数据使用不同的时间域,?,高度精确的周期同步和控制周期,(,抖动,1,s),RT-data,PN IO with IRT,24,Service&Support,24,PROFINET,系统,实时概念,PN IO with RT,PN CBA with RT,PN IO with IRT,IRT-,”,快车道”,?,为,IRT,预留通道,(,资源,),?,保证实时，与通信量,(,网络负荷,),无关,?,无限制访问,(TCP/IP,IT,.),Lane for IRT,TCP/IP,TCP/IP,TCP/IP,TCP/IP,TCP/IP,TCP/IP,TCP/IP,IRT,RT,IRT,PN IO with IRT,
