井控安全阀及远控房课件.pptx
Associated Well Control Equipment辅助井控设备,Safety Valves安全阀,Safety Valves,当发生溢流时，组织地层流体进入钻柱内,Full open DP Safety Valve全开式钻杆安全阀,Always standby on drill floor in open position 时刻在钻台开位待命It should be installed on top of the string when Kelly is not in use.方钻杆及顶驱没用时，装在钻柱顶部,(4”IF BOX*PIN connection),Advantage:Minimising the effect of upward moving flow because it is stabbed and made up in open position.,优点:降低了流体向上的冲击力，因为在安装时通孔时畅通的.,Inside BOP 内防喷器,seal,Inside BOP,Always standby on drill floor in open position 时刻开位待命,Can not show SIDPP unless be pumped open 读不到立压，除非开泵顶通,No logging operations can be done 安装后不能下入电测工具,Installed on top of FOSV安装在全开式安全阀上面,Can circulate down 不能反循环,Float valve 浮阀,Flapper-type,spring-loaded,安装：,Advantage:Prevents formation fluids from entering the string and it stops suction of cuttings.阻止地层流体进入钻柱，阻止堵水眼Disadvantage:The drill pipe must be filled when run in.Reading of shut in drill pipe pressure(SIDPP)is more complicated.Reverse Circulation is not possible.Greater strain on the formation when RIH.Increases the overall tripping time.,Kelly cocks,Safety valves in TDS,压力级别选择：大于最大预期地面压力不超过BOP额定工作压力,必须进行试压：试压方向压力,Thanks,BOP CONTROL SYSTEM,To provide pressurized stored hydraulic fluid so that BOP stack function can be operated promptly within API specified time and BOP can be closed even if there is no power available.,Chapter 2 BOP CONTROL UNIT,Chapter 2 BOP CONTROL UNIT,Accumulator bottles,Charging Nitrogen only Pre-charge pressure:1000100psiRated pressure:3000psiCapacity:10GalStore pressurized hydraulic fluid,Reservoir tank,Capacity:at least two times the usable volumeVolume upper limit(not pressurized):one inch below the inspection portVolume lower limit(fully pressurized):one inch above the suction valves of the pump,Electric pump,Electric starter(keep in auto mode)Auto-Matic hydro-electric pressure switch(2700-3000psi),Air pump,Automatic hydro-pneumatic pressure switch(2500-2900psi),Pressure regulator,Manifold pressure regulator Reducing the accumulator pressure to manifold pressure 1500 psi.,Pressure regulator,Annular pressure regulatorTwo types(Air operated and Manual operated with air motor),Air operated,Should have a unit/remote selector,Pressure regulator,Manual operated with air motor,Pressure Relief Valve,Accumulator relief valve:3500psiManifold relief valve:5500psi,Pneumatic Pressure Transmitters,Accumulator/Manifold/Annular pressure transmitterConverting hydraulic pressure into air pressureInput air pressure(3-15 psi,18 psi),Pressures,Accumulator:3000psiManifold:1500psiAnnular:1500psiAir supply:125psiPre-charging:1000100psi,3-position/4-way valve,1-Regulator pressure 2-To/From close chamber 3-To/From open chamber 4-To reservoir tank,Bypass valve,Accumulator capacity calculationsUsable fluid volume is defined as the volume of fluid recoverable from an accumulator between the accumulator operating pressure and 200 psi above the pre-charge pressure.Accumulator operating pressure is the pressure to which accumulators are charged with hydraulic fluid,3000 Psi.Pre-charge pressure is defined as the pressure of nitrogen in the accumulator,1000 Psi.Minimum accumulator operating pressure is 200 Psi above the pre-charge pressure,1200 Psi.,Accumulator capacity calculations,GAS LAW(Boyles Law):P1*V1=P2*V2=P3*V3=CONSTANT-(T keep constant),Accumulator capacity calculations,Principles of accumulator calculations(Boyles law),V1:Actual capacity of accumulator=10 gallonsV2=(P1V1)/P2=1000*10/3000=3.33 galV3=(P1V1)/P3=1000*10/1200=8.33 galUsable fluid volume=V3 V2=5 gal,Accumulator capacity calculations,Sizing of accumulator,The usable fluid capacity of accumulator bottles should be equal to the volume required to close all the BOPs and to open all HCR valves in BOP stack with an additional safety factor of 50%which is required to compensate for any fluid loss in control system and/or preventers.,Accumulator bottles also should maintain a minimum operating pressure of 1200 psi or 200 psi above the pre-charge pressure,which ever pressure is maximum,when all the BOP stacks are operated with pumps off(both pneumatic and electric),Accumulator capacity calculations,Example:,A 13 5/8“BOP stack:5000 psi Annular preventer 17.98 gallons oil need to close,Three 3000psi Rams 5.8 gallons oil need to close for each,One HCR in choke to open 1.1 gallons oil need.A 3000 psi working pressure BOP control unit is used.Calculate how many bladder type accumulator bottles of 10 gal capacity are required in the unit.,Draw down test,Shut off all the pumps,close all the preventers and open all HCRs,to check the accumulator pressure value which should not be less than 1200 psi(or 200 psi more than charging pressure),To ensure all the preventers can close and HCR open once with power off,Remote Control Panel,Two types of panel(Air or Electric operated)Clearly showing open and closed position.Including a master shut off valve.,Remote Control Panel,Chapter 2 BOP CONTROL UNIT,Electrical BOP Control panel,Remote control panel(air operated master valve),Thanks,
