柴油机的组成.docx

柴油机的组成柴油机由两大机构和四大系统组成，即由曲柄连杆机构、配气机构、燃料供给系统、润滑系统、冷却系统和起动系统组成。 Diesel engine is composed of two major institutions and four systems, namely by the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, with valve gear, fuel fuel system, ignition system, cooling system and starting system. 曲柄连杆机构是发动机的主要运动机构, 曲柄连杆机构由活塞组、连杆组和曲轴飞轮组的零件组成。 The crankshaft connecting rod mechanism is the main motion mechanism, It consists of piston, connecting rod and crankshaft flycoheel parts. 气门式配气机构由气门组和气门传动组两部分组成，现代汽车发动机均采用顶置气门，即进、排气门置于气缸盖内，倒挂在气缸顶上。 Valve type gas distribution mechanism consists of two parts, valve group and valve transmission group, the modern automobile engine adopt overhead valve, inlet and exhaust valves in the cylinder head, namely upside down on top of the cylinder. 冷却系统的功用是使发动机在所有工况下都保持在适当的温度范围内。 The function of the cooling system is to make the engine under all conditions will remain in the proper temperature range. 柴油机燃油系统的功用是在适当的时刻将一定数量的洁净柴油增压后以适当的规律喷入燃烧室、 The function of diesel engine fuel system is at the right moment will be after a certain number of clean diesel oil pressure to the appropriate law of spray into the combustion chamber 润滑系统的功用就是在发动机工作时连续不断地把洁净机油输送到全部传动件的摩擦表面，从而减小摩擦阻力、降低功率消耗、减轻机件磨损，以达到提高发动机工作可靠性和耐久性的目的。 The function of the lubrication system is in the engine work continuously put clean engine oil to the transmission parts of friction surface, and thus reduce the frictional resistance, lower power consumption, reduce wear parts, in order to reach the purpose of increase engine working reliability and durability. 起动系统 的作用是客服起动转矩使曲轴达到起动转速。 The role of the starting system is the starting torque of the service to reach the starting speed of the crankshaft. 四冲程发动机包括四个运动过程：进气行程，压缩行程，做功行程，排气行程。 Four-stroke engine includes four movement process: Intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke, exhaust stroke.