新世纪大学英语综合教程第三册第五单元.docx

新世纪大学英语综合教程第三册第五单元Unit5download 1 Unit 5 Education in Cyberspace I. Difficult Sentences 1. A peculiarly honest answer came out of my mouth before I could think. (1) Paraphrase this sentence. (=Without thinking, I answered him frankly.) (2) Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=我不假思索，老老实实地答道。) 2. Where I teach is inside that electrically charged space that lies between my phone jack and the home computers of a group of generally older-than-average college students. (1) Paraphrase this sentence. (=My students are generally older than the average college students. I teach them not in the traditional lecture rooms, but on the Internet where I am linked with them via their home phone lines and modems.) (2) Translate this part into Chinese. (=我的课堂是在充满电荷的空间里，其间一端连着我的电话插座，另一端 连着一群年龄偏大的大学生家里的电脑。) 3. The mans face remained as blank as a clear summer sky. (1) What figure of speech is used here？ (= simile. More examples: sing like an angel sleep as sound as a log be as brave as a lion) (2) Translate this part into Chinese. (=那人的脸上仍旧一片茫然。) 4. the Sage on the Stage (1) What does “the Sage on the Stage” mean? (=This is a term commonly used in the teaching research field to refer to the teacher who plays a dominant role in the classroom. Its opposite term is “the Guide on the Side,” which suggests a learner-centred teaching approach.) (2) Translate this part into Chinese. (=讲坛上的圣人。/课堂教学的支配者。) 5. What they know, they must communicate to me in words. Whats the grammatical function of “What they know” ? (=“What they know”, which serves as the object of the verb communicate, is put at the beginning of the sentence to achieve emphasis.) 1 Unit5download 2 6. They cannot sit passively in the back row twiddling their mental thumbs as the clock ticks away. (1) What does “twiddling their mental thumbs” mean? (=to do little or nothing; be idle) (2) What can we infer from the sentence? (=Studying online is different from that in the conventional classroom. Students should do something actively instead of sitting in the back idling.) (3) Translate this part into Chinese. (=他们不能坐在后排座位上，无所事事地打发时光。) 7. who might be tempted to step in to “calm down” or “refocus” an otherwise wonderfully enlightening classroom debate. (1) Paraphrase this sentence. (=who might feel like interfering with the students debate to make them calm down or to change the focus of the debate. In that case, the classroom debate might no longer be so enlightening as it should be.) (2) Translate this part into Chinese. (=可能会情不自禁地介入他们的争论，把原本很有启发性的课堂讨论“平息”或者“引到别的话题上去”。） 8. its just what a classical philosopher like Plato would have practicedhad there been an Internet way back then. (1) Why does the author use subjunctive mood in this sentence? (= It emphasizes the advantages of the virtual education.) (2) Translate this part into Chinese. (=虚拟大学兴许正是柏拉图这样的古典哲学家喜欢授课的地方假如他 那个时期有因特网的话。) II. Words and Expressions 1. think highly of: have a good opinion of someone or sth. *She thinks very highly of her boss. 我们及其欣赏王教授的意见。 (= We think highly of Professor Wangs opinion.) Patterns: think highly of 对及其赞赏 speak highly of 对极为称颂，非常赞同 2. peculiarly: adv. especially; strangely *The streets were peculiarly quiet for the time of day. 他奇怪地看着我。 (=He looked at me most peculiarly.) 3. counsel: v. to give advice, especially on social or personal problems 2 Unit5download 3 *The police have provided experts to counsel local people affected by the tragedy. 听从长辈的劝告吧. (= Listen to the counsel of your elders.) CF: counsel, advise, caution, warn 这些动词均有“劝告”、“忠告”、“警告”之意。 counsel 正式用词，语气比advise强一些，侧重指对重要问题提出的劝告、建议或咨询。 advise 普通用词，泛指劝告，不涉及对方是否听从劝告。 caution 主要指针对潜在危险而提出的警告，含告诫别人小心从事的意味。 warn 含义与caution相同，但语气较重，尤指就某个严重的后果给人警告。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. (1) Put that ball down and come over here, Laura I'm _ you. (=warning) (2) They're _ that children be kept out of the sun altogether. (=advising) (3) My job involves _ unemployed people on/about how to find work. (=counseling) (4) I'd _ waiting until tomorrow. (=advise) (5) The newspaper _ its readers against buying shares without getting good advice first. (=cautioned) (6) We were not to eat the fish which might give us a slight stomach upset. (=warned) 4. flunk: v. (infml) especially. AmE to give someone low marks on a test so that they fail it; fail (an examination or study course) *I flunked my second year exams and was lucky not to be thrown out of college. (= Her not following the instructions flunked her.) Pattern: flunk out 除名，退学 5. for want of: for lack of, because of a lack of *If we fail it won't be for want of trying (= We have tried even if we fail). 因无事可做，我只好待在家里看电视。 (=For want of anything better to do I watched television for a while.) Collocations: fill/meet/ satisfy a want 满足需要 minister to sbs want 满足某人的需要 in want of 需要 3 Unit5download 4 6. virtual adj. made, done, seen etc. on the Internet or a computer, rather than in the real world *He has made some friends in the virtual world through the Internet. 网络购物/银行 (=virtual shopping/banking) 7. be the case: to be the actual state of affairs; to be true *He said hed been cheated out of all his money, but thats not the case. (=If that is the case then I will be very disappointed.) Collocations: a case in point 有关的实例， 例证 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in case of 假如，如果发生 in no case 无论如何不，决不 8. decline: (1) n. a period or process of going from a better to a worse position *Our business has gone into a decline this year and we have to dismiss some employees. (=She seemed to be recovering and then she went into a decline.) (2) v. to gradually become less, worse, or lower *His interest in the project declined after his wife died. 我谢绝了他们提出的帮助。 (=I declined their offer of help.) CF: refuse, decline, reject 这三个动词均含“拒绝”之意。 refuse 语气较重，指态度坚决，肯定无疑地拒绝。 decline 指婉言谢绝他人的帮助或邀请等。 reject 多指由于某物、某事、某行为不能让人满意而被当面直截了当地拒绝。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. (1) The appeal was _ by the High Court. (=rejected) (2) We asked them to come to our party, but they _. (=declined) (3) I applied for a job as a mechanic in a local garage, but I was _. (=rejected) (4) He asked her to marry him but she _. (=refused) (5) He's in trouble but he's _ all (my offers of) help. (=refused) 9. hit on/upon sth: find by lucky chance or have a good idea about *I tried several methods before I hit on this way of solving the problem. (=When we first hit on the idea, everyone told us it would never work.) Patterns: hit it off 相处得好 4 Unit5download 5 hit out 猛打，乱击 10. rural adj. of or like the countryside; concerning country or village life *Rural things always appeal to me. I like the fresh air, the country roads, even the smells of the land. *The area is still very rural and undeveloped. NB: rural的含义是“乡村的”，“有乡村特点的”。其反义为 urban城市的，市内的 11. resident n. a person who lives in a place or a particular area all the time or just while working, studying, or visiting *Are you a permanent resident of the United States or are you just traveling around? CF: resident , citizen, native 这三个名词均含有“居民”、“公民”之意。 resident 长期居住或暂时居住的居民，有时也指旅居者。 citizen 具有某国国籍或有某地区合法身份的人，即公民。 native 本地居民。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. (1) The local _ were angry at the lack of parking spaces. (=residents) (2) He is a _ of New York City but lives mostly in California. (=native) (3) He applied to become an American _. (=citizen) (4) He reassured people that law-abiding _ would have nothing to fear from the enquiries. (=citizens) (5) The hotel bar was only open to _. (=residents) (6) Before coming to this pacific country he was not certain whether the _ are friendly to the foreigners like him. (natives) 12. comment: (1) v. to give an opinion; make a comment *My mum always comments on what I'm wearing. (=He commented that the two essays were rather similar.) (2) n. sth. that you say or write that expresses your opinion *I don't want any comments on/about my new haircut, thank you! 你对最近的事态发展有什么评论吗? (=Have you any comment(s) to make on the recent developments?) Collocations: make a comment 作评论 an appropriate/fitting comment 恰当的评论 a favorite comment 好评 a vicious comment 恶毒的抨击 13. in turn: one after the other *He asked each of us in turn what we had been doing when the robbery 5 Unit5download 6 took place. 他们依次进入教室。 (= They entered the classroom in turn.) Collocations: in turn 依次地；转而，反过来 at every turn 每次；事事；处处 by turns 轮流地；交替地 in ones turn 轮到时，接着 14. passively: adv. *He tends to wait passively for his boss to tell him what to do. NB: passively 的形容词是 passive 意为 “被动的”、“消极的”。 More examples: *Men have always played an active part in leading worship while women have been confined to more passive roles. 他的反应是被动的。 (=His response was passive.) 15. tick away: (of time) go by *As we were waiting for the green light at the crossroads, the taxis meter kept ticking away. (=With the final seconds ticking away, Milan scored a goal.) Patterns: tick off 给作标记 tick over 维持原状，进展缓慢 16. practically: ad. in a practical way; very nearly; almost *Theoretically, it's a good idea to live without a car, but practically speaking, it would be difficult to manage without one. 对我来说，在不到一个小时内到家几乎是不可能的。 (=It's practically impossible for me to get home in less than an hour.) 17. uproot: vt. to make someone leave their home for a new place, especially when this is difficult or upsetting *The war has uprooted nearly two-thirds of the country's population. 她背井离乡从农场搬到伦敦。 (=She uprooted herself from the farm and moved to London.) 18. go after: try to obtain or win; chase *Tom and I were going after the same job, so one of us had to choose something else to do. (=The police went after him but he got away.) 19. step in: to become involved in an activity, discussion, or disagreement, 6 Unit5download 7 sometimes in order to stop trouble *When the leading actress broke her leg, Isobel stepped in and took over. 他们自己能够解决纠纷，你最好不要干预。 (=They can settle the argument by themselves; youd better not step in.) 20. enlighten: vt. to explain sth. to someone *Should the function of children's television be to entertain or to enlighten? (=I don't understand this. Could you enlighten me?) Pattern: enlighten about/on 就对作启发 21. inspection: n. (an act of) inspecting *I gave the mobile phone a thorough inspection before I bought it. 经进一步检查，发现这些钞票是伪造的。 (=On closer inspectation the notes proved to be forgeries.) inspect: vt. to look at sth or someone carefully in order to discover information, especially about their quality or condition CF: inspect, examine, investigate 这些动词都有“调查”、“检查”之意。 inspect 检查，审视。意在找出不足或不同之处。 examine 检查。可指粗略地查看，也可指仔细观察或调查以确定事物的性质、功能、特点等。 investigate 调查。指为发现事实真相或了解掌握情况而进行深入细致的观察或查询。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. (1) She held the bank note up to the light and _ it carefully. (=inspected) (2) The doctor_ her carefully. (=examined) (3) We are of course _ how an error like this could have occurred. (=investigating) (4) After the crash both drivers got out and _ their cars for damage. (=inspected) (5) My bags were _ when I entered the country. (=examined) Collocations: carry out an inspection 进行视察 conduct inspection 执行检查 a close inspection 严格地检查 a technical inspection 技术检验 22. bring back: cause to return to the mind *The photo taken twenty years ago brings back many fond memories of my stay in London. (=The whole scene brought back the days of my childhood.) 7 Unit5download 8 III. Useful Expressions 1. 编写和教授大学课程 write and teach college courses 2. 远程学位教育课程 distance-learning degree programs 3. 年龄偏大的大学生 older-than-average college students 4. 在线辅导中心 online counseling center 5. 远程教学 distance learning 6. 大笔的金钱 mounds of money 7. 职业拓展 career development 8. 电子布告栏 electronic bulletin boards 9. 免交关税 tariff-free 10. 摒弃现实中的大学教育 dispense with a real college education 11. 讲坛上的圣人 the Sage on the Stage 12. 接受传统教育的思想 classically educated mind 13. 身边的向导 a Guide on the Side 14. 返回大学学习 come back to college to learn 15. 抒发的观点和见解 argue ones points and perspectives 16相同标准单位的信息 the same standardized units of information 17通过同一质量检查 pass the same quality inspection 18. 有效的学习途径 an effective way to learn 19. 大学文科课程 a liberal arts curriculum 20. 依赖我们与生俱来的本领 rely on ones native ability 21. 学习的辅助材料 learning aids 22. 奇怪的是 oddly enough IV. Proverbs and Quotations 1. Learning without thought is useless; thought without learning is dangerous. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。 2. Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it. 知识是宝库，而实践是开启宝库的钥匙。 3. Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机敏，写作使人严谨。 4. Something attempted, something done. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, American poet 有所尝试，就等于有所作为。 亨利·沃兹沃斯·朗费罗 5. A teacher affects eternity; he can never tell where his influence stop. Henry Brooks Adams, American historian 教师的影响是永恒的；无法估计他的影响会有多深远。 8 Unit5download 9 美国历史学家 H. B.亚当斯 6. Education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance. Durant, American historian 教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。 美国历史学家 杜兰特 9