成语邯郸学步,黄粱美梦.docx

成语邯郸学步,黄粱美梦hán dn xué bù 邯 郸 学 步 古文： 寿陵余子之学行于邯郸，未得国能，又失其故行矣，直匍匐而归耳。 选自战国时期宋国庄周庄子.秋水 1.邯郸：地名，战国时赵国都城，今河北省邯郸市，邯郸市是国家历史文化名城、中国优秀旅游城市、国家园林城市、全国双拥模范城、中国成语典故之都和中国散文之城、太极之乡。国务院批准具有地方立法权的“较大的市”和市区人口超百万的特大城市。邯郸市位于河北省的最南端，东临山东聊城，南邻河南安阳，西邻河北峰峰，北临河北沙河。 2. 步：行走，走路。 比喻模仿不成，反把自己原有的长处失去了。 白话文翻译： 邯郸是战国时期赵国的首都。燕国有个青年听说赵国比燕国强大，对赵国很感兴趣。于是，他一个人翻山越岭，来到邯郸。到了邯郸，他觉得赵国确实比燕国安定，连赵国人走路的姿势都比燕国人好看，他决定在邯郸学赵国人走路，将来让燕国人走路也能像赵国人一样好看。 可是，说起来容易，做起来难。这个青年怎么学也学不会赵国人走路的姿势反而连自己在燕国时如何走路也忘的干干净净。最后，他没有办法，只好爬着离开赵国回燕国去了。 选自战国时期宋国庄周庄子.秋水 1 英文翻译： Learning to Walk in Handan Handan was the capital of the state of Zhao during the Warring States Period. A young man in the state of Yan heard that the state of Zhao was more powerful than the state of Yan. So he was much interested in the state of Zhao. Consequently, he crossed over mountain after mountain by himself and got to Handan. Upon arrival at Handan, he left that the state of Zhao was indeed more stable than the state of Yan. Even the way of walking of the people of the state of Zhao looked better than that of the people of the state of Yan. He made up his mind to learn how the people of the state of Zhao walked in Handan, so that in the future, the people of the state of Yan could walk as gracefully as them. Yet, it was easier said than done. No matter how hard he tried, he was unable to learn the gait of the people of the state of Zhao. On the contrary, he even forgot completely how he walked on the state of Yan. In the end, he had no alternative but to crawl back from the state of Zhao to the state of Yan. Selected from the Book of Zhuang Zi by Zhuang Zhou. (Approx.368-286 BC) of the state of Song during the Warring State Period. 2 huáng liáng mi mèng 黄 粱 美 梦 古文： 开成七年，有卢生名英，字萃之。于邯郸逆旅，遇道者吕翁，生言下甚自叹困穷，翁乃取囊中枕授之。曰：子枕吾此枕，当令子荣显适意！时主人方蒸黍，生俛首就之，梦入枕中，遂至其家，数月，娶清河崔氏女为妻，女容甚丽，生资愈厚，生大悦！于是旋举进士，累官舍人，迁节度使，大破戎虏，为相十余年，子五人皆仕宦，孙十余人，其姻媾皆天下望族，年逾八十而卒。及醒，蒸黍尚未熟。怪曰：岂其梦耶？翁笑曰：人生之适，亦如是耳！生抚然良久，稽首拜谢而去。经此黄粱一梦，卢生大澈大悟，不思上京赴考，反入山修道去也。 唐朝 沈既济枕中记 ：黄粱：小米。比喻虚幻不能实现的梦想。 白话文： 唐朝时期，一个书生姓卢，字萃之，别人称之为卢生。 有一年，他上京赶考，途中在邯郸的旅馆里投宿，遇到了一个叫吕翁的道士，并向他感慨人生的穷困不得志，唉声叹气，愁眉苦脸。吕翁听后，从衣囊中取出一个枕头给卢生，并且对他说：“你枕这个枕头睡一觉试试，可能会有好处的。” 这时已晚，店主人开始煮黄米饭。卢生便按着道士的说法开始睡觉，他很快睡着了。在睡梦中，他回到家中，几个月后，还娶了一个清河的崔氏女子为妻，妻子十分漂亮，钱也多了起来。卢生感到十分喜悦。不久他又中了进士，多次层层提拔，做了节度使，大破戎虏之兵，又提升为宰相做了十余年。3 他先后生了5个儿子，个个都做了官，取得了功名，后又有了十几个孙子，成为天下一大家族，拥有享不尽的荣华富贵。然而到了80多岁时，他得了重病，十分痛苦，眼看就要死了，突然惊醒，才知是一场梦。 这时，店主煮的黄米饭还未熟。卢生感到十分奇怪地说：“这难道是场梦？”吕翁听了便说：“人生的归向，不也是这样吗？” 经过这次黄粱一梦，卢生大彻大悟，再不去想进京赶考了，反而进入深山修道去了。 唐朝 沈既济枕中记 英文翻译： A Brief Dream of Grandeur In the Tang Dynasty, there was a scholar named Lu Cuizhi，but people called him Lu Sheng. On day, Lu Sheng went to the capital for the imperial examination. On his way when he reached handan, he stayed at inn. A Taoist priest surnamed l was also staying there. Sitting in his room, Lu Sheng complained about his poverty and unsuccessful career and sighed grief with knitted brows and a long face. As the Taoist priest l saw Lu Sheng in such a state, he took out a pillow from his pocket, gave it to him and said: “Try sleeping with this pillow under your head. It may be good for you.” Lu Sheng went to bed as told, while the owner of the inn was steaming millet. With the Taoist priests pillow, Lu Sheng fell asleep quickly and had a dream. In his dream, he dreamt he went back to his hometown, after several months, he married the daughter of a high official surnamed Cui in Qinghe, his wife was pretty and his 4 money has been increased, so he felt very happy. Sooner, he became an official and often got promoted. Once he went to fight against the enemy and rendered outstanding service. Thus he rose higher and higher in officialdom till he became the Minister of Revenue and concurrently Imperial Law Enforcement Official. He had five sons, who were higher officials and got famed reputation. He had a large family with lots of children and grandchildren, and enjoyed great wealth and high position. In his old age at 80th, he fell ill, could not be cured, and eventually died. Lu Sheng woke up from his dream and found himself still sleeping at the inn, with the Taoist priest l sitting beside him. The millet which the owner of the inn had been steaming was not yet done. He was surprisingly asked the Taoist priest l: “Is this only a dream?” The Taoist priest l said: “Does peoples life go on just like this?” Lu Sheng understood completely, instead of going to the capital for the imperial examination, he went to the deep mountain and led a practical life. selected from the Narration About the Pillow by Shen Jiji. (Approx.750-797 AD) of the Tang Dynasty 5