必修五Unit Great Scientists.docx

必修五Unit Great ScientistsUnit 1 Great Scientists(教案) Teaching aims and demands: Topic how to organize scientific research : contributions of scientists. useful words and expressions engine characteristic radium theory scientific examine conclude conclusion analyse repeat defeat attend expose cure control absorb severe valuable pump pub blame immediately handle addition link announce instruct virus construction contribute positive strict movement god God backward complete spin enthusiastic cautious reject view steam engine , put forward , draw a conclusion , in addition , linkto , apart from , (be) strict with , lead to , make sense , point of view Functions: Describing people: characteristics and qualities How will I recognize you? You can recognize me because What will you wear? I will wear a What do you look like? What special features do you have? Im tall/short, fat/ thin, young/old How will I know you? I have large/ small, brown/ green / black eyes with Grammar The Past Participle as the Attribute and the Predicative So many thousands of terrified people died.Attribute But he became inspired when hePredicative Teaching procedure: Period 1 Step 1 lead in Ask the Ss to answer the following question: Do you know any scientists? (Ss say some scientists. Such as : Albert Einstein, Isaac Newton, Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790, Qian Xuesen , Liu Zhenxing , Hawking, Mendeleev) Step 2 action 1.Ask the Ss some to introduce some scientists by his / her own word by the next question Can you remember their names and their scientific achievements? 2.Help the Ss to finish the introduction. Step 3. Group work Four Ss in a group and finish the chart in warming up in page 1. Step 4. pre-reading Ask the Ss the following Qs” what do you know about infectious diseases such as cholera ? do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? (Ask the Ss to guess the correct orders of the steps on page 1.) step 5.read the new words of this unit Step 6.assignment and home work prepare the text <John snow defeats “King Cholera”>, and check the orders on step 4. Period 2 Step 1. Revision 1. Check the Ss homework (7 Draw a conclusion 3 Think of a method 4Collect results Make up a question 1Find a problem 5Analyse the results 6.Repeat if necessary) 2. Check the pronunciation of some new words. Step2. Scanning Read the passage quickly and put the correct stages into the reading about research into a disease. Find a problem: John Snow was a well-known doctor in Londonuntil its cause was found. Make up a question: He got interested in the two theoriesand soon the affected person was dead. Think of a method: He believed in the second theory butso severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days. Collect results: He determined to find out why It seemed the water was to blame. Analyse the results: Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streetsthat cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. Repeat if necessary: In addition, he foundthat polluted water carried the disease. Draw a conclusion: To prevent this from happening again,not to expose people to polluted water anymore. Step 3. Careful reading 1.Ask the Ss to read the text carefully and then finish the chart in Ex. 1 on page 3. Scientific Report by John Snow The problem Nobody knew the cause of the serious disease of cholera. The cause Idea 1: strange cloud in the air that attacked victims. Idea 2: people absorbed the disease with their meals. The method Collect data from the next cholera attack to test theories. Try to prove which method was correct. The results He found the cause of cholera was the polluted water. Idea 1 or 2? Why? Idea 2. Because the data showed a connection with the water. The conclusion John Snow was able to defeat cholera once its cause was known. Step 4. Further Discussion 1.Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today? Why? 2.Two diseases, which are similar today, are SARS and AIDS because they are both very serious, have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them. Step 5. assignment and home work Finish Ex 2 on page 3 after class. Period 3 Step 1. Revision Check the Ss homework Step 2. Discussion What qualities do you think a scientist should have according to the text ? Such as : Good observation , Patient, Clever and strict, Creative, Careful, Strong Perseverance, determination Step 3. Language Points 1. Doctor John Snow was so famous that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. 约翰斯诺太富盛名了，以致于维多利亚女王生孩子时都是他去照料，帮助她顺利分娩。 attend vt. vi. to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, lecture) 出席，参加 He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他决定亲自赴会。 2) to look after, care for, serve 照顾；看护 Which doctor is attending (to) you? 哪位医生护理你？ attendance n. 1) the act of attending 照顾 There is a doctor in attendance. 有一位医生照顾。 2) the number of people present 出席人数 There was a large attendance at the concert. 音乐会听众很多。 2. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但当他一想到要帮助受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。 expose to 暴露；受到风险 Dont expose yourself to the sun for too long. Youll get sunburned. 别在太阳下晒得太久，你会被晒伤。 Its very dangerous to be exposed to these viruses without any protection. 不加任何保护，直接暴露在这些病毒下是十分危险的。 3. He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found. 他知道，在找到病源前，疫情是无法控制的。 control v. to have power over, rule, direct 统治，控制 You are trying to control me as though I were your slave. 你是想把我当作你的奴隶控制。 The government tries its best to control prices. *努力控制物价。 He cannot control his anger. 他无法抑制自己的愤怒情绪。 n. 统治，控制，掌握 1) lose control of / be (go) out of control 失去控制 The driver lost control of his car and it knocked into a tree. 司机失去控制，车撞到树上。 The car was out of control and ran into a wall. 车失去控制，撞到了墙上。 2) in control of 在控制下 Mr Brown is in control of the money. 布朗先生管理钱财。 3) under the control of 被控制着 This money is under the control of Mr Brown. 钱财由一位布朗先生掌管。 4. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。 suggest经常有“建议”的意思，但在这个句子里的意思是“暗示，间接表明”。 The disorganized meeting suggestedbad preparation. 混乱的会场表明准备工作很差。 absorb vt. & vi. 1) to take or suck in (liquids) 吸收 A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。 absorbinto 吸收 The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.这家大公司渐渐把这些小公司吞并了。 2) to take in (knowledge, ideas) 专心于 The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 这个小姑娘正在全神贯注地阅读一篇故事。 5. In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. 此外，他还发现伦敦另一个地区有两个死亡病例都与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联。 in addition (to) 此外 In addition, the course also provides practical experience.此外，这门课程还提供了实践的经验。 We saw a Micky Mouse cartoon in addition to the cowboy movie.我们除了西部牛仔片之外还看了一个米老鼠动画片。 link.to 把与连接；联系 Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime. 指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪行为。 6. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the disease. 有了这个证据，约翰斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病毒。 announce v. 1) to make known publicly 发表、告知、宣布 The government announced its new economic policies.*发布了新的经济政策。 The news was announced to the public on TV. 这则消息经由电视向大众宣布。 2) to state in a loud voice (the name of a person or thing on arrival, as of people at a party or aircraft at an airport) 宣布 His servant announced Mr and Mrs White. 他的仆人通报怀特夫妇驾临。 3) to make clearly known 显示；预告 Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring. 温暖的阳光预示春天即将来到。 7. To prevent this form happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found. 为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议，所有水源都要经过检测，而且要寻找处理污水的新方法。 suggest在此句中是“建议”的意思，它的句型是suggest (that) sb. (should) do sth. I suggested that he should give up smoking.我建议他戒烟。 The chairman suggested the meeting be put off until next week.主席建议会议延迟到下周举行。 suggest后面还可以接-ing形式或名词。 Kane suggested leaving early for the airport. 凯恩提议早些出发去机场。 8. Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases. 除了上面提到的结构，你们还学过以下的一些短语。 apart from 除之外，相当于besides, in addition to。 What do you study apart from English? 除英语外，你还学些什么？ Apart from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. 除了作为一种有趣而且有益的运动外，游泳还是一项很有用的技能。 Step 4. assignment and home work Ask the Ss to do the Exs on page 36 Period 4 Step 1. Revision 1. Review some language points in the text. 2. Review the new words of unit 1 Step 2 check Ex 1 of discovering useful words and expressions Ask some Ss read the passage sentence by sentence. Ex.1: examined put forward exposed cure immediately look into announced instruct valuable Step 3 check Ex 1 of discovering useful words and expressions Ex. 2: make a telephone call make a decision make a plan make a contribution make a speech make a noise make a change make a description Step 3.exercise Ask some Ss to tell the meaning of the phrases in Ex 3. Ask the Ss to make sentences with each of phrases. Step 4. assignment and home work Prepare Discovering useful structures on page 4. Period 5 Step 1 . lead-in look at the sentences where the past participle is used in Discovering useful structures, Ex 1 on page 4. ask the Ss to find more examples in the reading passage. Step 2.Grammar study 一.过去分词做表语和定语 过去分词作表语 1过去分词可以置于系动词后做表语。常用的系动词有be, get, become, grow，seem，turn，remain，appear，feel， look，sound等。 e.g. The whole world were shocked at the news of Israels killing Yassin， the founder and spiritual leader of Hamas.听到以色列杀害哈马斯创始人和精神领袖亚辛的消息，全世界都为之震惊。 The case seems (2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。 过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行。有些动词如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人，用 -ing 形式来修饰物。 (3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。 过去分词作定语 作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。 1. 过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰的名词之前。 We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。 2. 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。 The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。 3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。 e.g. The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。 4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。 e.g. The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。 二.现在分词和过去分词用法之异同 现在分词和过去分词的用法异同历来是学习中的难点和高考测试的重点。众所周知，两种分词的区别很多，但它们之间的根本区别是： 过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，在语态上侧重于被动； 而现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行，在语态上侧重于主动。 这种根本的区别具体体现在两种分词分别充当的各种句子成份中。细述如下： 一、分词作定语 共同点：分词作定语时，如果分词只是一个单词，那么，该分词就位于其所修饰的名词之前；如果是分词短语，那么，该短语就位于其所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 不同点：分词作定语时，被分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。 过去分词和现在分词都可以做定语，区别如下： 所修饰的 中心词 及物动词的分词 不及物动词的分词 过去分词 多为人 表被动意义，意为“的” spoken English， the excited students 表示分词的动作已经完成 fallen leaves(落叶) boiled water(开水) 现在分词 多为事物 表主动意义，意为“令人的" Englishspeaking countries， exciting news 表示分词的动作正在进行 falling leaves(正在飘落的树叶) boiling water(正在沸腾的水) 二、分词作表语 共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。 不同点：分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作的一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。 过去分词和现在分词都可以做表语，区别如下： 主语 意义 备注 过去分词 人 人所处的状态或对某事的感觉 被动意义 现在分词 事物 事物的特征，意思是“令人的” 主动意义 Step 3.Exercises ask the Ss to complete the table with phrases tha have the same meaning in Ex 2 on page 5 and check the answer for them. ask the Ss to complete the table with phrases tha have the same meaning in Ex 3 on page 5 and check the answer for them. Step 4. assignment and homework Do more exercise about the past participle used as the Attribute and the Predicative Period 6 Step 1. Warming up Ask the Ss the following Qs Do you know what is the center of the solar system? Can you name the nine planets in the solar system? Nine Planets In the Solar System: Mercury 水星. Venus金星 Earth地球 Mars 火星 .Jupiter木星 Saturn土星 Uranus天王星 Neptune海王星 Pluto冥王星 Step 2. Fast reading Ask the Ss to read the passage and find the answer of the following Qs: What did Copernicus think was the center of the solar system? the sun. 2.When did Copernicus publish his theory? in 1543. Step 3. Careful Reading Use the reading to help you draw the two theories of the universe 1.Before Copernicus theory-A diagram showing the solar system with the earth at its centre. 2. Showing Copernicus theory- diagram showing the solar system with the sun at its centre. Step 4. Further reading Why didnt Copernicus publish his theory before he died? Step 5 Discussion (pair work) If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years? Give a reason. Step6. language point Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 1.You can learn English well only in this way. Only in this way can you learn English well. 2. I was a student only then. Only then was I a student Only when one is away from home does one realize how nice home is. But only his new theory could do that Step 7 Discussion In pairs discuss what scientific job each of you would like to choose in the future .