年级英语上册第一单元重点知识.docx
年级英语上册第一单元重点知识八年级英语上册第一单元重点知识 Unit 1 一，Grammars: 提问频率：how often 1, 频率两类： 频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, hardly, never 频率短语：once a day , three times a month , every day 等 2，eg: 1) He often surfs the Internet.(划线提问) How often does he surf the Internet ? 2) My mother watches TV every day.(划线提问) How often does your mother watch TV? 3, 区别于对次数提问： I play computer games three times a week . How many times do you play computer games ? 4，含有的how疑问词: how 怎样 how old 多大 how many 多少how much 多少 how often 多久一次 how far 多远 how long 多长时间 二，Words and phrases: 1,hardly 几乎不，表示否定含义 2，time 时间，不可数 much time 次数，可数 four times 3, active 积极的 形容词 activity 活动 名词 4, heath 健康，名词 healthy 健康的，形容词unhealthy 不健康的，形容词 注：有些形容词词前加un表示反义词 unhappy unimportant 5， try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth, 试着做某事 6, 照看，照顾：look after = take care of 照看好： look afterwell = take good care of 7, same 相同的 adj, 用时前加the We are in the same class. different 不同的adj, The twins look different. difference 不同点 n. 可数名词 There are some differences between us . 8, although but 不能同时使用，because so 不能同时使用 9，许多 ： a lot of =lots of 修饰可数和不可数名词 many 修饰可数名词 much 修饰不可数名词 10，must 情态动词，后加动词原形，没有人称和数的变化 注：Must I clean the house now ? Yes, you must. No, you neednt. 11, the best student 最好的学生 注 best, good 的最高级，用时前加the 12，my eating habits 我的饮食习惯 注： eating动名词作定语修饰名词 13, eat less meat 少吃肉注： less是 little 的比较级 ，修饰不可数名词 14，make a list of 列一个。的清单 15, once a week 每周一次 16, the result of 的结果 17, hardly ever 很少 18, three or four times a month 每月三四次 19, no students 没有学生 20, want (sb.)to do sth. 想让做某事 21, be good for 对。有好处 be bad for 对。有坏处 22, surf the Internet 网上冲浪，上网 23, come home from school 从学校回家 24, keep in good health =keep healthy 保持健康 25, get good grades 取得好成绩 26, study well 学得好 study better 学得更好 27, be the same as 和。相同 be different from 和。不同 Unit 2 一，Grammars: 1, 你怎么啦？ Whats the matter with you ? Whats wrong with you? Whats your trouble? 回答： I have a headache / toothache / stomachache . I have a sore back / leg /throat . I have a cold / fever . 2, 提建议： You should lie down and rest. You shouldnt eat anything . 二，Words and phrases: 1，foot 复数：feet tooth复数：teeth 2，休息：rest 动词 名词：have a rest 3, 在。以前 ago 段 ago five hours ago before before 点 begofe eight oclock 4, ill, adj. 形容词 She is ill . illness n. 名词 her illness 5, 有些动词加ed变为形容词 relaxed interested stressed 6, believe，think， 否定前移：当主语是第一人称时，从句若是否定，不否定从句，否定主句。 Eg: We dont think they can do it very well . 7, 包含good的短语： be good at 擅长于。 be weak in 在。方面比较差 be good for 对。有益 be bad for 对。有害 be good with 和某人相处得好 8，get 得到 +名词 get a gift 变得 +形容词 get warm 9, a few 一些，表肯定，修饰可数 a little 一些 表肯定，修饰不可数 few 几乎没有，表否定，修饰可数 little几句没有，表否定，修饰不可数 10，现在：now= at the moment 11，listen to 听 hear 听见，听说 12，too many 太多，修饰可数 too much 太多，修饰不可数 much too 太，修饰形容词、副词 13, hot yang foods like beef 像牛肉一样的阳类食品 注：like,介词，like beef 介词短语修饰前面名词food 做后置定语。 14，作主语：名词，代词，如果动词作主语，变成动名词 15, people (who are too stressed out and angry) 容易紧张和生气的人 注：who 是定语从句，修饰前边名词people. 16, Its adj. for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人说是。的。 Its hard for him to learn English well . 学好英语对他是很困难的。 17，get tired 变累 be tired 累的 18，保持健康 stay healthy = keep healthy stay in good heath = keep in good health 19，Im sorry to hear that. 听到。我感到很难过。 20，hot tea with honey 有蜂蜜的热茶注：with,有的，介词 修饰名词后置 Eg: a house with a small garden a girl with long hair 21, maybe 副词，位于be 后动词前或句首，作状语。(不影响句子结构) Maybe he is a student. may be 情态动词+动词原形，作谓语。 He may be a student. 22, have a fever 发烧 23, a good idea 一个好主意 24, a few nights 几个晚上 25, drink lots of water 多喝水 26, three days ago 三天前 27, study late 学习到很晚 28, go to bed early 早睡 29, give advice 提出建议 30, listen to music 听音乐 31, some conversation practice 一些对话练习 32, a balance of 一种。的平衡 Unit 3 一、Grammars: 现在进行时： 1, 表示正在发生的事 Eg：My brother is reading a book. 2, 表达按计划或安排将要发生的事，打算做某事。Eg: She is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 复合不定代词： 1，主要包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等， 2，它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。 3，其中something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句。 注：some-构成的复合不定代词可用于疑问句中：表请求、邀请、借东西、特别希望得到肯定回答的问句。 4，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Eg: Nobody is in the room. 5，修饰它们的形容词或不定式一定要位于它们的后面. Eg ：Tell us something interesting. 给我们讲点有趣的事。 There was something to eat here. 这有吃的东西。 6，anyone, everyone 等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接 of 短语，可用 any one, every one (即分开写)。 二、Words and phrases: 1，babysit 过去式：babysat 现在分词：babysitting 2，寄给某人某物： send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 当sth。.是代词时，只能用send sth. to sb. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 语法同上 Eg : please show them to me. 3，leave 过去式：left forget 过去式：forgot 4，forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 Eg：Dontt forget to close the window when you leave. 走的时候不要忘了关窗户。 Oh, I forget washing the clothes. 我忘记我洗过衣服了。 语法同：remember to do sth. 记得去做某件事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 5，go +doing 去做某事 eg：go swimming go climbing go shopping go fishing 6, last, this, next 前边不加介词。 Eg : this weekend last month 7, 决定做某事：decide to do sth. / decide on sth. 8, I heard that Canada is beautiful and there were many people who speak French. 注：that 引导宾语从句，不翻译，可省略。 who speak French 是定语从句，who为关系词，修饰people 后置。意为：“说法语的人”。 9，leave 的用法：忘记：leave sth. swh. 把某物忘在某地 eg：I forget my homework at home. 离开：leave swh. 离开某地 leave for swh. 出发去某地 leave swh. for swh. 离开。去。 leave from swh. 从某地出发 10，对时间段提问：how long 回答：for +时间段。 11，对人物提问： who eg : Im going with my parents.(划线提问) Who are you going with? 12, 表达请求：May I.? Can I .? 13, relax at home 在家里放松 14, go hiking 去远足 15, go away 离开，走开 16, get back to swh. 回到某地 17, plan to do sth. 计划做某事 18, cant wait to do sth . 迫不及待做某事 19, sports camp 运动营 20, the south of 。的南方 21, stay for a week 呆一周 22, go bike riding 去骑车兜风 23, take walks/a walk 散步 24, all my problems 我所有的问题 25, a good place to go sightseeing 一个观光的好地方 26, this summer 今年夏天 27, think about doing sth . 考虑做某事 28, this /that /last /next time 这/那/上/下 一次 29, sleep a lot 多睡觉 30, take sth. with sb. 某人随身携带某物 31，finish dong sth. 做完某事，完成做某事 Unit 4 一、Grammars: 1, 对方式提问：how Eg: How do you get to school I get to school by bike. = I ride my bike to school. on my bike 注：by bike = on my/a bike by bus/train/plane/subway = on a/the bus/train. by car = in a car by 后直接加交通工具，不加冠词。若有冠词需用on/in go to school by bike = ride my bike to school go to school by bus/subway = take a bus/subway to school go to school on foot = walk to school 2, 花费： take: It takes sb. some time to do sth. spend :某人spend 时间/金钱 (in) doing sth. on sth. pay : 某人pay 钱 for sth. cost: 某物 cost 某人 钱 eg：It took her half an hour to cook dinner yesterday. 昨天她花了半小时做饭。 He spent the whole afternoon (in) playing soccer last weekend. 上周末他打了整个下午的篮球。 I spent two dollars on this book. 我买这本书花了2美元。 My mother paid fifty yuan for the sweater. 我妈妈花50元买了件毛衣。 The skirt cost(过去式) her 110 yuan . 这件裙子花了她110元。 3， 对距离提问：how far eg : Its 10 miles from my home to school. = My home is 10 miles from school. (划线提问) How far is it from your home to school ? = How far is your home from school ? 4， 宾语从句：考点：使用陈述语序 eg：I ask her. Where does she live ? I ask her where she lives? My brother told me how old his friend was. 二、Words and phrases: 1, 数词：易错的：four fourteen forty nine nineteen ninety ninth 241读作：two hundred and forty-one (百位与十位之间常用and 连接) 2，shower : 名词 have a shower 洗澡 动词 洗澡 3， must：应该，必须 We must finish the work today. 肯定、一定 He must be ill. 4,worry 动词 worry about 担心 worried 形容词 be worried about 担心 5，have a quick breakfast = have breakfast quickly 匆匆吃早餐 形容词，修名 副词，修动 形容词+ly 副词 eg : quick + ly quickly careful + ly carefully 6, 全世界：all over/in/around the world 7, most + 名词 = most of the 名词 eg： most people = most of the people 8, It depends on (where you are). where you are 宾语从句，使用陈述语序。 9，That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus. 那肯定比坐公交车有趣得多。 注：must, 情态动词，后加动原，没有行为动词时，用be. a lot， 放在比较级前修饰比较级 taking ： than 后加动名词 10， not all students 并不是所有学生，not 与all连用时表示部分否定。 11，the way/means of doing sth. 做某事的方法 12，a number of 修饰可数名词， 许多的 a small number of 修饰可数名词 少数，一小部分 the number of 修饰可数名词 。的数量， 表单数。 13，in hospital 在住院 in the hospital 在医院 14，到达： get to arrive in + 大地点at + 小地点 reach 注 后加地点副词时， 省略介词 eg : get home arrive home 15, leave for school 出发去上学 16, ride my bike to school 骑车去上学 17, take sb. to swh. 带某人到某地 18, the bus ride 汽车行程 19, think of 考虑，想起 20, in other parts of the world 在世界上其他地方 21, on the weekend = on weekends 在周末 22, by bus 乘坐公交车 23, depend on 取决于 24, by boat 乘船 25, North America 北美洲 26, Dont worry. 不要担心 27, Thank you so much. 非常感谢 Unit 5 一、Grammars: 1, 情态动词：后加动原，没有人称和数的变化。 否定句：后加not, 问句：情态动词提前。 can : 能，会 Can he draw? Yes, he can. No, he cant. 可以 Can you help me ? Yes, I can. No, I cant. 可能 That can be dangerous. may : 可以 May I ask you some questions? Sure. Sorry. 可能 You may ask the policeman. He may know the way. must: 应该，必须 一定，肯定 注： Must I clean the room now ? 我必须现在打扫房间吗？ Yes, you must. No, you neednt. 是的，必须扫。 不，你不必扫。 must ,have to 区别 must 必须，应该， 主观愿望， 否：mustnt have to 不得不 客观要求 否：dont have to 在过去时中常用had to 2, 区分： Whats today? 今天什么日子？ Its Monday, June 4th. Whats the date today? 今天几号？ Its June 4th. What day is it today? 今天周几？ Its Monday . 二、Words and phrases: 1, another one, another student another 后加单数名词 another+数词+名词 = 数词+ more +名词 再来几个。 2，谁 who 主格，对主语提问 whom 宾格，对宾语提问 注：who常代替whom，但当前有介词时，只能用whom，不能用who. eg: Im going with her. Who/Whom are going with you ? 3, invite 邀请，动词 invite sb. to do sth. = ask sb. to do sth. invitation邀请，名词 Thank you for your invitation. 4,free 有空的，空闲的 be free = have time 有空，有时间 免费的 Jone got a free ticket. 5, go to the doctor = see the doctor 看医生 6，have a piano/dancing lesson/class 上钢琴/舞蹈课 7，join + 组织/团体 Kate wants to join this swimming club. + sb in sth. Do you want to join us in fishing? 8, this evening = tonight 今晚 this morning 今天早上 this afternoon今天下午 9，all 所有的， 位于修饰语之前 all my questions whole 全部的， 位于修饰语之后 the whole vacation 10, Why not + v. .? = Why dont you + v. .? 11, Thanks for asking/inviting me. = Thanks for your invitation. 12, have tennis training 进行网球训练 13, on Friday evening 在周五晚上 14, after the vacation 在假期之后 15, come over to swh. 顺便来访到。 16, till 10pm 直到下午10点 17, the day after tomorrow 后天 18, the whole day 整天 = all day 19, another time 另一次 Unit 6 一、Grammars: 形容词等级： 1，构成： 单音节和部分双音节的 词尾加 er, est 多音节和部分双音节的 词前加 more, most 2, 用法及标志词： 原级： 一者 vevy, so, too, quite 比较级： 两者 than, much, a lot, a little, even 最高级： 多者 of, in 用时前加定冠词the eg: My mother is very tall. Is your sister the same as you ? No, Im a little taller. Tom is the funniest boy in our class. 3，不规则变化的：两好两坏两多一少一远一老 good,well better best bad,badly worse worst much,many more most little less least far farther farthest further furthest old older oldest elder eldest 4，句型： A + be + 比较级 + than + B A + has + 比较级 + 名词+ than + B 5，特殊用法： 同级比较时：as.as .和。一样 否定：not as/so .as 在某方面不如。 eg: He is as tall as me. 他和我一样高。 He isnt as tall as me. 他不如我高。 含有of the two. 结构，用the+ 比较级 eg：Thisgirl is the shorter of the two. 这个女孩在两个当中是比较矮的。 越来越。 比较级 and 比较级 .er and .er more and more. This boy is more and more handsome. 这个男孩越来越潇洒了。 Oh, she is thinner and thinner. 哦，她越来越瘦了。 比较对象要相同： eg：Herhair is longerthan mine. She has longer hair than me . much, a lot, a little, a bit, even 等修饰语位于比较级前修饰比较级。 有比较的程度时，位于比较级前。 Her father is 25 years older than her. 她爸爸比她大25岁。 越。，越。 。 The + 比较级+句子，the + 比较级+ 句子 The harder you study, the better you getgrades. 越是努力学习，你就会得到越好的成绩。 比较级=最高级的情况 Tom is taller than any other boy in our class. Tom is taller than other boys in our class. = Tom is the tallest boy inour class. that 代替前边出现的单数名词，those代替复数名词。 The weather in Beijing is hotter than thatin Harbin. 二、Words and phrases:
