常用骨科医学专业英语词汇.docx

常用骨科医学专业英语词汇常用骨科医学专业英语词汇 骨科 ORTHOPEDICS 1、 概论 INTRODUCTION *fracture n.骨折 pathological fracture 病理骨折 fatigue fracture 疲劳骨折 *open fracture 开放骨折 close fracture 闭合骨折 *comminuted fracture粉碎性骨折 compressed fracture 压缩骨折 shock n.休克 *deformity n.畸形 tenderness n.压痛 swelling n.肿胀 ecchymosis n.瘀斑 obstacle n.功能障碍 *bonefascial compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室综合征 infection n.感染 spinal cord injury 脊髓损伤 surrounding nerve 周围神经 *fat embolism 脂肪栓塞 bedsore n.褥疮 arthroclisis n.关节僵硬 ischemic necrosis 缺血性坏死 ischemic contraction 缺血性挛缩 *traumatic arthritis 创伤性关节炎 hematoma n.血肿 *callus n.骨痂 heal n.愈合 *synovitis n.滑膜炎 *ligament n.韧带 *tendon n.肌腱 * pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎 *reduction n.复位 *bone traction 骨牵引 *osteoporosis n.骨质疏松 2、上肢骨折FRACTURE OF UPPER EXTREMITIES clavicle n.锁骨 *humerus n.肱骨 *rotation n.旋转 supracondyle n.髁上 blister n.水疱 pulsate n.搏动 thrombus n.血栓 *cancellous n.松质骨 *epiphysis n.骨骺 *injury n.损伤 *joint n.关节 stability n.稳定 ulna n.尺骨 radius n.桡骨 metacarpal bone 掌骨 bone graft 植骨 hemostasis 止血 *periosteum n.骨膜 tension n.张力 adhesion n.粘连 *skin grafting 植皮 *arthrodesis n.关节融合 extrusion n.挤压 gangrene n.坏疽 pallor n.苍白、灰白 *amputation n.截肢 plaster n.石膏 paralysis n.瘫痪 bandage n.绷带 2、 手外伤 HAND TRAUMA avulsion n.撕脱 *dislocation n.脱位 stiff adj.僵硬 3、 下肢骨折与关节损伤 FRACTURE OF LOWER EXTREMITIES AND ARTICULAR INJURY femur n.股骨 adduction n.内收 separate v.分离 cartilage n.软骨 *synovialis n.滑膜 *spinal column 脊柱 5、脊柱及骨盆骨折 FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND PELVIS column n.椎体 cervical column 颈椎 *lumber vertebra 腰椎 sacrum n.骶椎 sense n.感觉 movement n.运动 reflect v.反射 *pelvis n.骨盆 6、关节脱位 ARTICULAR DISLOCATION congenital dislocation 先天性脱位 pathological dislocation 病理性脱位 *osteoarthritis n.骨关节炎 *total hip replacement 全髋置换术 7、运动系统慢性损伤 CHRONIC STRAIN OF MOVEMENT SYSTEM strain n.劳损 *cystis n.滑囊 *stenosed tenosynovitis 狭窄性腱鞘炎 *ganglion n.腱鞘囊肿 degenerative adj.退行性变 multiply v.增生 abnormal sense 感觉异常 8、腰腿痛和颈肩痛LUMBAGO AND SHOULDER PAINS stenosed column 椎管狭窄 9、骨与关节化脓感染OSTEOARTICULAR PURULENT LNFECTION channel n.窦道 drill hole 钻孔 *drainage n.引流 10、骨与关节结核 OSTEOARTICULAR TUBERCULOSIS bone tuberculosis 骨结核 spinal cord compression 脊髓压迫 11、骨肿瘤BONE TUMOR bone tumor 骨肿瘤 *osteochondroma n.骨软骨瘤 *osteosarcoma n.骨肉瘤 chemotherapy n.化疗 *synoviosarcoma n.滑膜肉瘤 医学英语分科常用词汇 人体解剖学 HUMAN ANATOMY 之运动系统 LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM 1、 中轴骨 AXIAL BONES *bone n.骨 *vertebrae n.椎骨 *cervical vertebrae 颈椎 *thoracic vertebrae 胸椎 lumbar vertebrae 腰椎 *sacrum n.骶骨 coccyx 尾骨 atlas n.寰椎 axis n.枢椎 *sternum n.胸骨 sternal angle 胸骨角 sternal manubrium 胸骨柄 xiphoid process 剑突 *rib n.肋 *thoracic cage 胸廓 2、颅SKULL *skull n.颅 *frontal bone 额骨 *parietal bone 顶骨 *occipital bone 枕骨 *temporal bone 颞骨 *sphenoid bone 蝶骨 *ethmoid bone 筛骨 *mandible n.下颌骨 hyoid bone 舌骨 vomer n.犁骨 *maxilla n.上颌骨 palatine bone 腭骨 nasal bone 鼻骨 lacrimal bone 泪骨 inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲 zygomatic bone 颧骨 *coronal suture冠状缝 *sagital suture 矢状缝 *lambdoid suture 人字缝 orbit n.眶 cranial fontanelle 颅囟 2、 附肢骨TARSAL BONES AND EXTREMITAL BONES *clavicle n.锁骨 *scapula n.肩胛骨 *humerus n.肱骨 *radius n.桡骨 *ulna n.尺骨 carpal bone 腕骨 metacarpal bone 掌骨 phalanges n.指骨，趾骨 *hip bone 髋骨 *ilium n.髂骨 *ischium n.坐骨 *pubis n.耻骨 *femur n.股骨 patella n.髌骨 *tibia n.胫骨 *fibula n.腓骨 tarsal bone 跗骨 metatarsal bone 跖骨 4、关节学 ARTHROLOGY *articulation n.关节 *ligament n.韧带 *flexion n.屈 *extension n.伸 *adduction n.收 *medial rotation 旋内 *lateral rotation 旋外 pronation n旋前. supination n.旋后 circumduction n.环转 *vertebral column脊柱 *thoracic cage 胸廓 *intervertebral disc 椎间盘 *temporal-mandibular joint 颞下颌关节 *shoulder joint 肩关节 *elbow joint 肘关节 *radiocarpal joint 桡腕关节 *pelvis n.骨盆 *hip joint 髋关节 *knee joint 膝关节 *ankle joint 踝关节 5、肌肉系统 MUSCULATURE (1)肌学系统INTRODUCTION OF MUSCULATURE *muscle n.肌肉 muscle belly 肌腹 tendon n.肌腱 aponeurosis n.腱膜 *fascia n.筋膜 *tendinous sheath 腱鞘 躯干肌TRUNK MUSCLES trapezius n.斜方肌 latissimus dorsi 背阔肌 erector spinae 竖脊肌 *sternocleidomastoid adj.胸锁乳突的 *scalenus n.斜角肌 pectoralis major 胸大肌 intercostales n.肋间肌 *diaphragm n.膈 *inguinal canal 腹股沟管 *sheath of rectus abdominis 腹直肌鞘 头肌 HEAD MUSCLES orbicularis oculi 眼轮匝肌 masseter n.咬肌 *temporalis n.颞肌 *deltoid n.三角肌 *biceps brachii 肱二头肌 *triceps brachii 肱三头肌 *axillary fossa 腋窝 附肢肌 MUSCLES ATTACHED TO EXTREMITTES *gluteus maximus 臀大肌 piriformis n.梨状肌 *sartorius n.缝匠肌 *quadriceps femoris 股四头肌 triceps surae 小腿三头肌 *femoral triangle 股三角 popliteal fossa 腘窝 医学英语分科常用词汇 诊断学骨关节系统 OSTEOARTICULAR SYSTEM *Codmanstriangle 骨膜三角，科德曼三角 H-shaped vertebra,butterfly vertebra 蝴蝶椎 Rugger-Jersay vertebra 夹心椎体 Scheuermanns disease 绍尔曼病 Schmorls nodule 施莫尔结节 Shentons line 沈通氏线 apophysis n. 骺状突 *arthrography n.关节造影 basilar impression,basilarinvagination 颅底凹陷 block vertebra 融合椎 bone island 骨岛 bursography n.泪囊造影 compacta n.骨密度 cortical porosity 皮质骨疏松症 craniolacunia,luckenschadel n.颅骨陷窝 *empty sella 空蝶鞍 endosteal proliferation 骨内膜增生 *epiphysis n.骨骺 Intratrabecular resorption 骨小梁内吸收 ivory vertebra 象牙椎 marrow-packing disease 骨髓充填疾病 massive osteolysis 大片骨溶解 melopheostosis n.蜡油骨症 ossification n.骨化 osteopathia striata 纹骨症 *osteopenia n.骨质减少 osteopetrosis n.石骨症 osteopoikilosis n.斑骨症 pars interarticularis 椎弓峡部 periosteal reaction 骨膜反应 physis n.骨生长端 *pseudofracture, Looser zone n.假骨折 spina ventosa 骨气鼓 spongiosa 骨疏松 woven bone 编织骨 *zone of provisional calcification 临时钙化带