小学英语代词讲解与练习.docx

小学英语代词讲解与练习代 词 人称代词 一、概念 人称代词是表示我、你、他/她/它、我们、你们和们的词。人称代词有人称、格和数的变化，具体见下表： 数 人 格 称 第一人称 第二人称 主 格 I you he 第三人称 she it 宾 格 me you him her it they them 主 格 we you 宾 格 us you 单 数 复 数 二、人称代词的用法 1一般情况下，人称代词的主格作主语，放在句子的开头。 I am a teacher. 我是一名教师。 You are 10 years old. 你10岁了。 He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 It is hot today. 今天天气热。 2宾格作宾语，通常放在动词，如：let, like, help,give,ask等的后面；或介词，如：for, to, of,at等的后面。 Lets go .(lets =let us) Can you help me？你能帮我吗？ The cake is for you. 这个蛋糕是给你的。 在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或用在not后，多用宾格。 -I like English.-Me too. -Who broke the window?-Me.(me作表语= It's me.) Why not me?(为什么不是我？) 3作表语,口语中常用宾格 -Who is that？-It's me. 是谁啊？是我。 三、注意 1人称代词I无论放在句首、句中或句尾，都要大写。 2人称代词she除了指女性“她”之外，还可以指祖国、月亮等拟人的东西。表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。 如：I love my country. She is great. The moon is in the sky. She is round and bright. 四、It的特殊用法 1一般情况下，it表示人以外的动物和东西，是单数名词的代词，译为“它”。 Where is your car？It is over there. 你的小汽车在哪儿？在那边。 2但在表示天气、时间、距离等时，用it来代替，此时的it，并不译为“它”。 1 1）指天气:It is sunny today. 今天阳光灿烂。 2）指气候:It's cold in this room. 这个房间很冷。 3）指时间:What time is it？It's six thirty. 几点了？六点半了。 4）指距离:How far is it from here to the park？ 从这儿到公园有多远？It's about two miles. 大约是二英里。 3“ it ” 有时也可指人。 It's me. Open the door, please. 五、并列人称代词的排列顺序： 1、单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称第三人称第人称 如：you，he，and I 2、复数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称第二人称第三人称 weyouthey 注意：如果是做错事，承担责任时，说话的人把I放在第一位。 Who broke the window？谁打碎了玻璃？I and Li Ming.我和李明. 物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，物主代词也有人称和数的变化，见下表： 数 人称 类别 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 汉语 单数 第一 人称 my mine 我的 第二 人称 your yours 你的 第三 人称 his his 他的 her hers 她的 its its 它的 复数 第一 人称 our ours 我们的 第二 人称 your yours 你们的 第三 人称 their theirs 他们的 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词，表示是属于谁的东西。 如：I love my country. 而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相单于对应的形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如： Is this your book? No, it isnt，its hers(her book) /Jims /Toms/Marias This is her book. = This book is hers. 2 指示代词 表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等指示概念的代词叫做指示代词。指示代词有this，that，these，those等。 this，是指在时间上或空间上离说话人较近的人或物。 that，是指在时间上或空间上离说话人较远的人或物。 This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. I am busy these days. That is a red car. What do you like? I like this. 反身代词 反身代词是表示我自己,你自己,他自己,我们自己,你们自己,他们自己等的词。 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself themselves 第三人称 herself themselves 第三人称 itself themselves 如： She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。 I am teaching myself computer. 我自学计算机。 Take good care of yourself. 把自己照顾好。 You should ask the children themselves. 你应该问一问孩子们自己。 Enjoy yourself.玩的愉快。 人称代词口诀：I 是主格 me 是宾，请你一定记在心；主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾。 you 是主格，也是宾，； he 是主格 him 是宾， she 是主格 her 是宾， it 是主格，也是宾， we 是主格 us 是宾， you 是主格，也是宾， they 是主格 them 是宾。 相关练习题 一、填写下面的表格。 人 称 数 格 性 主格 I you she it 宾格 us you him them 形容词性物主代词 my your his her 名词性物主代词 ours yours its 第一人称 第二人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 第三人称 3 二、用人称代词代替下单词或词组。 1Mike 6the rabbit 2Mr White 7Miss White 3Tom and I 8Kate,Tim and I 4Joan and John 9Joans mother 5My father 10their brother 三、选词填空。 1. _ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii. A. She, you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you 2. My uncle bought a new bike for _. A. theirs B. they C. me D. I 3. She is a student, _ name is Julia. A. its B. her C. hers D. his 4. Could you help _ with _ English, please. A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I 5. A friend of _ came here yesterday. A. my B. his C. him D. himself 6. _ pencil-box is beautiful. But _ is more beautiful than _. A. Toms, my, he B. Tom's, mine, his C. Tom's, mine, him D. Tom's, my, his 7. Most of _like Chinese food. A. they B. Their C. Them D. theirs 8. Don't you let _ help you ? A. I and my friend B. my friend and I C. my friend and me D. my friend and I to 9. She gave the erasers to Lucy and _ . A. I B. me C. my D. mine 10. That's not _, it is_. I made it _ . A. ours, mine, myself B. your, mine, myself C. yours, her, myself D. yours, my, myself 四、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This ismother. 2. Nice to meet . 3. name is Mark. 4. Whatsname? 5. Excuse. 6. AreMiss Li? 7. am Ben. 8. is my sister. 9. Fine , thank . 10. How old is 五、根据中文提示，用代词的适当形式填空。 1、There is a new dress for _siter. 2、This is _wallet. _ is red. 3、Whose _calculators are these? _ are ours 4、Give _ a toy, please. 5、_你们的） eyes are black. _ come from Japan. 6、Tim and Bill are twins. _are from England. Show _ around _ (我们的）school. 7、Give the book to _. 4 8._(他的) chair is blue. _( 我们的) is yellow. 9_(我们的) classroom is big._( 你们的) is small. 10._(他) often plays basketball after school. 五、用代词的适当形式填空。 1There is a letter for _ (her 、hers) mother. 2That is _ (she ) coat. The coat is red. _ (its)is a new one. 3Whose pens are these? _(their) are _ (we). 4Give _(he) a toy, please. 5_(we) eyes are black. _ (us) come from Japan. 6Tim and Bill are twins. _ are from England. _ (them) parents are teachers in the No.6 Middle School. 7Give the book to _(I ). 8These books are _(we). 9That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I ) 10The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 11Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I ) 12_ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _.( he ) 13I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you ) 14Show _ your kite, OK? (they) 15I have a beautiful cat. _ name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it ) 16. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ is a nurse. ( she ) 17That is not _ camera. _is at home. ( he ) 18Where are _ ? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they ) 19. _ dont know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we ) 20These are _ ( he ) brothers.2. That is _( she ) sister. 21. Lily is _ ( Lucy ) sister.4. Tom, this is _ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 22. Now _(her parent) are in America. 23. Those _ ( child ) are _ ( I ) fathers students. 24. Do you know _ ( it ) name? 25. Thanks for helping _( I ). 26. _(Ann)mother is _(we) teacher. 27. Mike and Tom _ ( be ) friends. 28. That is not_ kite.That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I ) 29. The dress is_. Give it to _. ( she ) 30. Is this_watch? (you) No, it's not _. ( I ) 31. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps(邮票) are _. ( he ) 32. _dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you ) 33. Here are many dolls, which one is_ ? ( she ) 34. I can find my toy,but wheres _ (you)? 35. Show _ your kite, OK? (they) 36. I have a beautiful cat. _ name is Mimi.These cakes are_. ( it ) 37. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not theirs. _ aren't here. ( they ) 38. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we ) 39.I am teaching _computer. 5 一、用适当的人称代词填空： 1. _ is my aunt. We often visit _. ( she ) 2. China is a developing country. _is in the east of Asia. ( its ) 3. I own a blue bike. The red one isnt _. ( I ) 4. These new houses are so nice. _ are very expensive.( them ) 5. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didnt _? ( them ) 6. Ling Ling is a girl. _ studies in a primary school. _ brother lives with _ and helps _ with_ lessons. ( she ) 7. Mike is my classmate. _ is good at Engliush . ( his ) 8. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to _ ? ( she ) 9. Whats the weather like today ? _ is cloudy. ( its ) 二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空 1. I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of _ ? ( you ) 2. George has lost _ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary ifshe will lend him _ . ( she ) 3. Jack has a dog and so have I. _ ( he ) dog and _ ( I ) had a fight (打架). 4. The teacher wants you to return that book of _ ( he ) 5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of _ are coming to see us. ( they ) 6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of _ . (we ) 三、用适当的代词填空 A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空 1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _(they，them，their，theirs) away. 2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs. Green.We all like _(she，her，hers). 3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_ cant get my kite. Could you help _(I，me，my，mine)? 4. Tom cant get down from the tree.Can you help _(he，him，his)? 5. These are _(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _(I，me，mine). 6. We cant find our bikes.Can you help _(we，us，our，ours)? B. 填入正确的代词 1. This isnt_knife. _ is green. ( she ) 2. These are your books，Kate. Put _ in the desk，please. (they ) 3. _ must look after _ things. ( you ) 4. Wei Fang，is that _ ruler? Yes，its.( you ) 5. They want a football. Give _ the green one，please. ( they) 6. Its Lin Taos bag. Give it to _. ( he ) 7. Is this pencil-box Li Leis? No，_ is very new. ( he ) 8. This box is too heavy. I cant carry _. ( it ) Dont worry，Let _( I ) help _. ( you) 9. _ is a boy _ name is Mike. Mikes friends like _ very much. ( he ) 10. My sister is in _ room. _ is a teacher. ( she ) 11. Jane is a little girl. _ mother is a nurse. ( she ) 12. We are in _ classroom. _ classroom is big. ( we) 13. My father and mother are teachers. _ are busy ( them) 14. You should ask the children _. 你应该问一问孩子们自己。 6