小升初英语辅导资料大全.docx
小升初英语辅导资料大全五年级英语辅导资料 目 录 第一部分 单 词 第一课：字母 第二课：名词 第三课：代词 第四课：冠词和数词 第五课：形容词 第六课：副词 第七课：动词 第八课：介词 第九课：特殊疑问词 第二部分 句 子 第十课：一般现在时 1.陈述句 2.一般疑问句 3.特殊疑问句 第十一课：现在进行时 1.陈述句 2.一般疑问句 3.特殊疑问句 第一课 字母 一、常见字母组合发音及练习， ea peach tea seat jeans cheap ea bread ea break great ee beef sheep queen sleep green ow how town brown now flower ow crow blow window yellow snow ou our mouth mountain house ou soup group coup oa coat boat goat road or short fork horse storm or doctor actor visitor author all tall small ball hall ir skirt shirt girl birthday ur nurse purple hamburger fur th thin thank Thursday math th this that those these clothes wh who whose whole whom wh why what where white ai wait rain paint train ay say play today may grow air air hair chair stair ear bear wear swear pear ear ear hear dear near eer deer cheer beer oo cool boots goose school ar park star car hard igh high flight light night (判断下列划线部分发音是否相同)： 1. ( ) tea cheap ( ) peach bread ( ) break great 2. ( ) beef sleep ( ) seat green ( ) sheep queen 3. ( ) how now ( ) brown yellow ( ) flower house 4. ( ) soup group ( ) our mouth ( ) coup house 5. ( ) coat boat ( ) short fork ( ) horse house 6. ( ) doctor visitor ( ) tall small ( ) park star 7. ( ) nurse purple ( ) skirt shirt ( ) birthday nurse 8. ( ) thin thank ( ) this those ( ) math these 9. ( ) who what ( ) why whose ( ) where white 10. ( ) wait rain ( ) say play ( ) train today 11. ( ) hair chair ( ) air swear ( ) bear pear 12. ( ) dear near ( ) wear hear ( ) deer cheer 13. ( ) goose school ( ) cool good ( ) flight light 第二课：名词 一、名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词 专有名词：是指某个或某些个人、地方、机构等专有的名词。 如： China Canada Australia Japan the United States of America Beijing New York Sydney London January February March April May June July August September October November December Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Mike Amy John Sarah Miss White Mr. Black Chen Jie Wu Yifan Zhang Peng 普通名词: 是指一类人或东西或一个抽象的名称。 如: 1. boy girl man woman family class classmate student teacher mother father grandpa grandma sister brother aunt uncle cousin policeman everyone 2. cabbage pork mutton eggplant fish green beans tofu potato tomato breakfast lunch dinner 3. curtain trash bin closet end table air-conditioner bedroom kitchen bathroom living room study mirror 4. river flower grass lake forest path park nature park farm village city picture house bridge tree road building 5. morning afternoon evening noon night weekend date day time hour 6. spring summer fall winter season month sea snow 二、名词的单数和复数。 可数名词 1 一般情况下，直接加-s， 如：book-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds 2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es， 如：bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es， 如：family-families strawberry-strawberries butterfly- butterflies 4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es， 如：knife-knives leaf- leaves 5不规则名词复数： man-men woman-women mouse-mice child-children foot-feettooth-teeth fish-fish sheep-sheep people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 不可数名词(英语中的不可数名词的数量，用容器的数量来表示)： paper-a piece of paper 一张纸 coffee-a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡 water- three glasses of water 三杯水 bread-a piece of bread 一片面包 watch _ child _ photo _ foot_ book_ tooth_ sheep_ box_ peach man_ woman_ water_ milk_ 三、名词的所有格 在英语中，有些名词可以加's来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式叫名词所有格。 1. 名词是有生命的，我们用:名词's 如：Mike's book teacher's desk 2. 名词是无生命的，我们用：名词of名词 如：the picture of the family the window of the house 第三课：代词 代词是代替名词的一种词类。在英语中，当人名或其他名词在第二次提到时，一般都要用代词来替代。 一、人称代词 单 数 主格 第一人称 I 宾格 me 复 数 主格 we you 宾格 us you 第二人称 you you he him 第三人称 she her it (它) it 1.作主语 they them I am a student. You are teacher. He is a doctor. 我是一名学生 你是一位老师 他是一名医生 We are friends. 我们是好朋友。 2.作宾语 It's me I tell you Do you know him? 是我 我告诉你 你认识他吗？ She is running to us! 她正向我们跑来! 二、物主代词 单 数 第一 人称 形容词性 物主代词 第二 人称 第三 人称 his他的 复 数 第一 人称 our 第二 人称 第三 人称 my your 我的 your their 你的 her她的 its它的 我们的 你们的 他们的 名词性 物主代词 mine yours his他的某物 我的 某物 你的ours yours theirs 他们的某物 her她的某物 我们的你们的某物 某物 某物 its它的某物 用法： 1. This is my father. 2. Is that your bike? Yes, its mine. (= my bike) 那是你的自行车吗？是的，它是我的(自行车)。 三、指示代词 单 数 this这个 用法： 1. This is a picture of my room. 这是我房间的照片。 2. These are potatoes. 这些是土豆。 that 那个 复 数 these 这些 those 那些 第四课：冠词和数词 1.不定冠词 a和 an的用法 a 用在辅音开头的词前面，an用在元音开头的词前。 如: a boy 一个男孩 an English boy 一个英国男孩 a red apple一个红苹果 an apple 一个苹果 a building一栋楼 an old building 一栋旧楼 2.基数词、序数词： 基变序，有规律 词尾加上th 一二三，特别记 八去t 九去e ve要用f替 ty变成tie 若是碰到几十几 只变个位就可以 举例 fourfourth sixsixth onefirst twosecond threethird eighteighth nineninth fivefifth twentytwentieth seventyseventieth twenty-one twenty-first sixty-three sixty-thir 缩写形式：1st, 2nd, 3rd 为特殊，其他为数字加上th. 如, 23rd、9th 用法： 1. There are five bikes. The fifth is mine. 2. We have nine classes. Our class is on the second floor. 3. What is the date? Its June 1st. 第五课：形容词 在英语中，形容词用来修饰名词。 如: 1. young old funny tall strong kind thin fat strict smart active quiet interesting 2. red blue yellow green white brown black purple pink orange 3. healthy ill sweet sour fresh salty favourite 4. warm cold cool hot rainy snowy windy cloudy sunny 5. big small long short colorful pretty happy cheap expensive 用法举例： 1. Hes tall and strong. 他又高有壮 2. The red shirt is very cheap. 这件红色的衬衫很便宜。 3. Today is warm. It's sunny day. 今天天气暖和,是晴天。 4. The apple is sweet and fresh .这苹果又甜又新鲜。 第六课：副 词 副词在句子中修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。用来表示时间、场所、状态及程度。(以下单词要求会读会背) 1. well fast slowly carefully 2. very much enough 3. here there out 4. soon already now today 5. always usually often(经常) never(从来） 6. also either too(也） only 用法举例： 1. She is very tall. 她非常高 2. I am very well. 我很好 3. hes over there. 他在那里 4. Its raining now. 现在正下着雨 5. I often do homework on the weekend. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. 我经常在周末写作业，有时候去看望祖父母。 6. Usually I clean my room. I often go hiking, too. 我通常打扫房间，也常常去远足。 7. My sister doesn't like cats. I don't like them, either. 我妹妹不喜欢猫，我也不喜欢它们。 第七课：动 词 在英语中，每个句子都有一个动词来说明主语“是什么”或“做什么”，从动词的变化，可以看出句子是现在时或过去时，了解动词的时态，在英语学习上相当重要。 一、be动词 ( 表示“是， 在”的意思。现在式有am is are三种，这三种的原型动词是be，所以它们称为be动词) 用法：am is are 这三种形式分别接在不同人称的主语后面，用图表来表示： 人称 主语be动词 缩略式 Im were youre youre hes shes its 中文意 我是 我们是 你是 你们是 他是 她是 它是 他们是 第一人称 I am we are 第二人称 you are you are 第三人称 he is she is it is they are theyre be动词的否定形式：be+not is not = isn't are not = aren't am not ： 1. Mary a nurse. 2. Miss White a teacher. 3. He at school. 4. She at home. 5. You doctor. 6. I a doctor ,too. 7. We students. 8. They friends. 二、一般动词和动词短语 正确朗读和背诵下列的一般动词和动词短语 一般动词： 如：become give catch come climb go eat fight find fly know leave let make read run say see send sing sleep smell speak swing take tell think write walk swim skate jump play study talk 动词短语 1. at home just do it have a try play chess use a computer look at watch TV 2. cook the meals water the flowers sweep the floor clean the bedroom wash the window do housework empty the trash make the bed set the table wash the clothes do the dishes 3. do morning exercises eat breakfast have English class 4. go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking make a snowman plant trees draw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone see you later listen to music drink water take pictures watch insects get up pick up leaves do an experiment count insects play sports eat dinner collect leaves climb mountain write a letter write an e-mail speak to hold on catch butterflies write a report have a picnic 三、一般动词的现在时和现在分词 1. 一般动词的现在时，第一、第二人称用动词原型 如：I go to school every day. 我每天都去上学 You study English every day. 你每天都学英语 (第三人称单数时动词要s或es) 如：She goes to school every day. 她每天去上学 He likes cats.他喜欢猫 如: I do not go to school every day . 我每天不去上学 Does she do exercises every day? 她每天做锻炼吗？ 2. Can 表示能力：“能，会，可以”它没有人称和数的变化，它 后面必须跟动词原型。 can can not = cant 如：The birds can fly. The cats cant fly. I can make a snowman I cant swim in the sea. 3. 现在分词是指：动词ing的形式, 它和be 动词连用，表示现在正在做的动作。 如：I am reading a book. 动词的现在分词构成： 构 成 法 一般加ing 例 词 walk-walking fly-flying 以e结尾的词去e后加ing write-writing have-having take-taking 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加ing 以ie为结尾的重读开音节的词，改ie为y， die-dying run-running swim-swimming 再加ing 1. I usually at 6:30. 2. I often on Sunday. 3. He every day. 4. He can 5. Amy is butterflies. 第八课：介词 一、表示时间的介词: at on in before after 1. at, on, in 的用法和区别 at: at nine (oclock) 在九点 at 6:30 I get up at 7:00 every day. 我每天在七点钟起床。 on: on Monday 在周一 on Tuesday morning 在周二的早上 on June 6th 在六月六号 on the weekend 在周末 in: (用于月、年、季节，泛指的上午或下午) in May in July in summer in winter in 1996 in 2008 in the morning in the afternoon 2. before，after的用法和区别 before Wash your hands before dinner. 晚餐前要洗手 after Lets play together after school. 放学后我们一起玩 1. I go to bed 9:30. 2. We have English class 10:00 3. I often play the piano Sundays. 4. Teachers day is September. 5. My birthday is December 12th 二、表示场所、方向的介词 1. 表示场所：at ,in at: 在某地点 at school 在学校 at home 在家 in:在某地 in Beijing 在北京 in China 在中国 in the world 在世界上 in the street 在街上 2. 表示方位的介词： in在里面 on在上面 under在.下面 over 在上方 next to在旁边 near近的，不远的 in front of 在前面 behind在后面 between在两者之间 around 环绕,在四周 1. I study at school 2. I do my homework at home. 3. My sister lives in Beijing. 4. The pencil is in the pencil box. 5. The books are on the desk. 6. The ball is under the table 7. The bridge is over the river. 8. Tom is standing in front of me. 9.There is tree behind the house. 10.My teacher is sitting between Tom and Mike . 第九课：特殊疑问词 一、特殊疑问词 what who which where why whose when How How many How much 二、读读背背,并写出下列特殊疑问句的汉意。 what 引导的特殊问句？ 1. Whats your name? 2. What do you do? 3. What do you like to eat? 4. What do you do on the weekends? 5. What about you? 6. What would you like? 7. What day is it today? 8. What is the weather like today? who引导的问句 1. Who can clean the room? 2. Who is that? which引导的问句 1. Which bike do you like? 2. Which season do you like best? where 引导的问句 1. Where is my key? 2. Where are they? why引导的问句 1. Why do you like summer？ whose引导的问句 1. Whose T-shirt is this? 2. Whose birthday is in June? when引导的问句 1.When is your birthday? 2.When is Teacher's day? 3.When do you get up? 4.When do you go to school? How 引导的问句 1. How old are you? 2. How about you? 3. How do you do ! How many引导的问句 1. How many books do you have? 2. How many students are there in your school? How much引导的问句 1. How much is it? 2. How much are they? How, what 引导的感叹句。 1. How beautiful ! 2. What a big fish! 3. What an interesting story it is! 4. How hard the workers are working! 第二部分 句 子 第十课：一般现在时 一般现在时表示: 1. 经常发生的动作或存在状态, 常和always,usually,often, sometimes, everyday, every week等时间状语连用。 2.表示普遍真理。一、陈述句: 肯定句：主语be动词 1. I am a teacher. 我是老师 2. Spring is green with flowers and songs. 绿色的春天，鸟语花香。 我爱春天。 3. My birthday is on October 1st.我的生日在十月一日 主语动词 1. I often play football on Sundays. 我经常在周日踢足球。 2. I like spring. 我喜欢春天 <第三人称单数动词-s或-es.> 1. She likes summer. 她喜欢夏天 否定句： 主语be动词not 如：You are not a student. 你不是学生 主语do not +动词 如： I dont go to school Sunday. 我星期天不去上学 <第三人称单数does not动词> 如： She doesnt go shopping on Saturdays.她在周六不购物。 二、一般疑问句 陈述句变一般疑问句时， 1. 把be动词移到主语前面，即Be动词主语 如: -Are you a student? -Yes, I am. 2. 把do或does移到句首，即Do (Does)+主语动词原型 如：-Do you have English class on Mondays? - No, we dont. - Does he play football every day? - Yes, he does. 1. I am a teacher. 2. You are student. (变成一般疑问句) 3. We have math class on Tuesday. (变成一般疑问句) 三、 特殊疑问句 1. What do you do on the weekend? 你周末干什么？ 2. When do you get up?
