原形 过去式.docx

原形 过去式原形 过去式 fly flew throw threw blow blew feed fed pay sell understand find make learn hear lose sit get forget spend lend build catch bring buy paid sold understood found made learnt heard lost sit got forgot spent lent built caught brought bought fight flight think thought teach taught feel felt spell spelt leave sleep sweep keep meet sing ring begin drink swim come become run can may shall will would left sleept swept kept met sang rang began drank swam came became ran could might should AAA型 过去式、过去分词与原形一致 原形 过去式 过去分词 词义 cut cut cut 切、割 shut shut shut 关、闭 put put put let let let set set set hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt cost cost cost read ri:d read red read red beat beat beaten run ran run come came come become became become AAB型 过去式与原形一致 ABA型 过去分词与原形一致 放置 让 设置 撞击 受伤；疼痛 值钱；花费 朗读；阅读 击败 跑步；逃跑 来 变得；成为 ABB型 过去式与过去分词一致 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought think thought thought seek sought sought bring brought brought catch caught caught teach taught taught lend lent lent send sent sent spend spent spent build built built feel felt felt leave left left keep kept kept sleep slept slept oversleep overslept overslept sweep swept swept 打架；打仗 想；认为 寻找；探究 带来 抓住；接住 教；教书 借出 送；派遣 花费 建设；建立 感觉；摸起来 离开 保持；保留 睡觉 睡过头 打扫 mean mi:n meant ment meant ment 意思是 learn learnt/learned learn/learned 学；学会 burn burnt / burned burnt / burned 燃烧；烧伤 hear hiE heard hE:d heard hE:d 听见 lead led led 领导；致使 mislead misled misled feed fed fed flee fled fled meet met met shoot shot shot light lit / lighted lit / lighted get got got win won won sit sat sat dig dug dug stick stuck stuck hang hung hung hang hanged hanged sell sold sold tell told told smell smelt smelt spell spelt spelt 把引错方向 喂养；喂食 逃跑 遇见；碰到 射击 点燃 获得；得到 获胜；赢得 坐下 挖掘 刺；戳 悬挂 绞死 出售 告诉 闻；嗅 拼写 hold held held 拿着；握住 find found found 找到；发现stand stood stood 站立 understand understood understood 理解 lay laid laid 下蛋 pay paid paid 付款 say sei said sed said sed 说 have/has had had 有 make made made 制作 shine shone / shined shone / shined 照耀 lose lu:z lost lRst lolRst 丢失 ABC型 原形、过去式、过去分词不一致 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 喝；饮 ring rang rung 铃；打电话 sing sang sung 唱歌 sink sank sunk 下沉 swim swam swum 游泳 blow blew blown 吹；刮风 fly flew flown 飞；放 know knewnju: known 知道；懂得 grow grew grown 种植；生长 throw threw thrown 扔；投 draw drew drawn 绘画 show showed shown 出示；给看 break broke broken speak spoke spoken steal stole stolen choose chose chosen freeze froze frozen wake woke woke / woken forget forgot forgotten take took taken mistake mistook mistaken shake shook shaken eat ate eaten fall fell fallen rise rose risen rizn drive drove driven drivn give gave given forgive forgave forgiven see saw seen 打破；不服从 说话 偷 选择 冻结 醒来；唤醒 忘记 拿走 错拿 摇动；握吃 落下；摔倒 上升；上涨 驾驶 给 原谅 看见 ride rode ridden 骑 hide hid hidden 躲藏 bite bit bitten 咬 forbid forbade/forbad forbidden 禁止；不许 write wrote written bear bore born tear tore torn wear wore worn am/is was been are were been do/does did done go went gone lie lay lain 情态动词的过去式 must must can could shall should will would 书写 忍受 撕破 穿、戴是 是 做 去 躺；卧 必须 能够；会 应当 将；会 . 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同. cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut put-put-put let-let-let set-set-set hit-hit-hit shut-shut-shut hurt-hurt-hurt read-read-read 读音 /e/ lie-lied-lied 说谎 lay-laid-laid 放置，下蛋 lay- lain 躺下，位于，平放 eg. The hens dont _eggs during such cold weather. She _ her books on the table. _ B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同 1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是 :t bright-brought-brought think-thought-thought buy-bought-bought catch-caught-caught teach - taught -taught 2. 动词原形中的e为o，变成过去式和过去分词。 get-got-got sell-sold-sold tell-told-told 3. 动词原形中i为a, sit-sat-sat spit-spat-spat 4. 动词原形中i为o, win-won-won shine-shone/ shined-shone / shined 5. 动词原形中an为oo, stand-stood-stood understand-understood-understood 6. 动词原形中的ay为ai, say-said-said pay-paid-paid 7. a）动词原形中的d为t, send-sent-sent lend-lent-lent spend-spent-spent build-built-built b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , smell-smelt-smelt lose-lost-lost c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, learn-learnt-learnt mean-meant-meant 读音/e/ d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/ feel-felt-felt sleep-slept-slept sweep-swept-swept keep- kept- kept 其它meet-met-met have-had-had hold-held-held make-made-made dig-dug-dug hear-heard-heard find-found-found hang-hung -hung C.原型与过去分词相同 come-came-come run-ran-run become-became-become D. 原形，过去式， 和 过去分词完全不同 1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式，改成u变成过去分词 begin - began -begun drink-drank-drunk ring-rang-rung swim-swam-swum sing-sang-sung 2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式，在原形词尾加n变成过去分词 blow-blew-blown grow-grew-grown know-knew-known throw - threw - thrown fly -flew /flu:/ -flown ( 和以上相似) 3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾，故把它们分为一类 a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式，在词尾加n变成过去分词 drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen write-wrote-written (双写t ) ride-rode-ridden (双写d ) b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式，在过去式后加n变成过去分词 speak-spoke-spoken steal-stole-stolen break-broke-broken c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词 wake-woke-woken freeze-froze-frozen choose-chose-chosen forget-forgot-forgotten d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词 eat-ate-eaten beat- beat - beaten fall-fell-fallen give-gave-given see-saw-seen take-took-taken mistake- mistook- mistaken hide-hid-hidden E. 没有过去分词的动词 can - could may- might shall- should will - would 其它 am, is - was- been are-were- been do-did- done draw-drew- drawn : go-went- gone show-showed-shown wear- wore - worn 不规则动词的过去式 不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点，也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律，总结如下： 1. 把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。过去分词不变如： becomebecame, comecame 2把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如： beginbegan，drinkdrank，givegave，ringrang，singsang，sitsat，swimswam ，sinksank， 3把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如： drivedrove，riderode，shineshone，winwon，writewrote 4动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如： getgot，forgetforgot 5动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如： keepkept，sleepslept，sweepswept 6. 动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如： standstood，understandunderstood 7改动词原形中的aw ow为ew，变成过去式。如： drawdrew，growgrew，knowknew，throwthrew 8动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如： breakbroke，speakspoke 9动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如： sellsold，telltold 10以ought和aught结尾，且读音是 :t的过去式。如： bringbrought，buybought，thinkthought，catchcaught，teachtaught 11以ould结尾且读音为ud的情态动词过去式。如： cancould，shallshould，willwould 12在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如： hearhi heardh :d， sayseisaidsed， meanmi:nmeantment， dreamdreamt dremt 13动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如： cutcut, hithit, hurthurt, letlet，mustmust， putput，readreadred，setset 14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如： dreamdreamed/ dreamt learnlearnt/ learned shineshone/ shined smellsmelt/ smelled wakewoke/ waked 15不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如： am，iswas，arewere，buildbuilt，dodid，eatate，fallfell， feelfelt，findfound，flyflew，gowent，have has had，hidehid， holdheld，laylaid，leaveleft，lielay，loselost，makemade，may might，runran，seesaw， smellsmelt，taketook，wakewoke， wearwore