单区域OSPF基本配置.docx
单区域OSPF基本配置单区域OSPF基本配置 一、 实验目的 1. 掌握单区域OSPF的配置 2. 理解链路状态路由协议的工作过程 3. 掌握实验环境中虚拟接口的配置 二、 应用环境 1. 在大规模网络中，OSPF作为链路状态路由协议的代表应用非常广泛 2. 具有无自环，收敛快的特点 三、 实验设备 1. DCR-1702 2. CR-V35MT 3. CR-V35FC 两台 一条 一条 四、 实验拓扑 五、 实验要求 ROUTER-A S1/1 192.168.1.1/24 Loopback0 10.10.10.1/24 ROUTER-B S1/0 192.168.1.2/24 Loopback0 10.10.11.1/24 六、 实验步骤 第一步：路由器环回接口的配置 路由器A： Router-A_config#interface loopback0 Router-A_config_l0#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 路由器B： Router-B#config Router-B_config#interface loopback0 Router-B_config_l0#ip address 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0 第二步：验证接口配置 Router-B#sh interface loopback0 Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is Loopback Interface address is 10.10.11.1/24 MTU 1514 bytes, BW 8000000 kbit, DLY 500 usec Encapsulation LOOPBACK 第三步：路由器的OSPF配置 A的配置： Router-A_config#router ospf 2 ！启动OSPF进程，进程号为2 Router-A_config_ospf_1#network 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.0 area 0 ！注意要写掩码和区域号 Router-A_config_ospf_1#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 0 B的配置： Router-B_config#router ospf 1 Router-B_config_ospf_1#network 10.10.11.0 255.255.255.0 area 0 Router-B_config_ospf_1#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 0 第四步：查看路由表 路由器A： Router-A#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2 DHCP - DHCP type VRF ID: 0 C 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 O 10.10.11.1/32 110,1600 via 192.168.1.2(on Serial1/1) ！注意到环回接口产生的是主机路由 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1 路由器B： Router-B#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2 DHCP - DHCP type VRF ID: 0 O 10.10.10.1/32 110,1601 via 192.168.1.1(on Serial1/0)！注意管理距离为110 C 10.10.11.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0 第五步：其他验证命令 Router-B#sh ip ospf 1 ！显示该OSPF进程的信息 OSPF process: 1, Router ID: 192.168.2.1 Distance: intra-area 110, inter-area 110, external 150 SPF schedule delay 5 secs, Hold time between two SPFs 10 secs SPFTV:11(1), TOs:24, SCHDs:27 All Rtrs support Demand-Circuit. Number of areas is 1 AREA: 0 Number of interface in this area is 2(UP: 3) Area authentication type: None All Rtrs in this area support Demand-Circuit. Router-A#show ip ospf interace ！显示OSPF接口状态和类型 Serial1/1 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address: 192.168.1.1/24 Nettype: Point-to-Point OSPF process is 2, AREA: 0, Router ID: 192.168.1.1 Cost: 1600, Transmit Delay is 1 sec, Priority 1 Hello interval is 10, Dead timer is 40, Retransmit is 5 OSPF INTF State is IPOINT_TO_POINT Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.1.2 Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address: 10.10.10.1/24 Nettype: Broadcast ！环回接口的网络类型默认为广播 OSPF process is 2, AREA: 0, Router ID: 192.168.1.1 Cost: 1, Transmit Delay is 1 sec, Priority 1 Hello interval is 10, Dead timer is 40, Retransmit is 5 OSPF INTF State is ILOOPBACK Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 Router-A#sh ip ospf neighbor ！显示OSPF邻居 - OSPF process: 2 AREA: 0 Neighbor ID Pri State DeadTime Neighbor Addr Interface 192.168.2.1 1 FULL/- 31 192.168.1.2 Serial1/1 第六步：修改环回接口的网络类型 Router-A#conf Router-A_config#interface loopback 0 Router-A_config_l0#ip ospf network point-to-point ！将类型改为点到点 第七步：查看接口状态和路由器B的路由表 Router-A#sh ip ospf interface Serial1/1 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address: 192.168.1.1/24 Nettype: Point-to-Point OSPF process is 2, AREA: 0, Router ID: 192.168.1.1 Cost: 1600, Transmit Delay is 1 sec, Priority 1 Hello interval is 10, Dead timer is 40, Retransmit is 5 OSPF INTF State is IPOINT_TO_POINT Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.1.2 Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address: 10.10.10.1/24 Nettype: Point-to-Point OSPF process is 2, AREA: 0, Router ID: 192.168.1.1 Cost: 1, Transmit Delay is 1 sec, Priority 1 Hello interval is 10, Dead timer is 40, Retransmit is 5 OSPF INTF State is IPOINT_TO_POINT Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 Router-B#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2 DHCP - DHCP type VRF ID: 0 O 10.10.10.0/24 110,1600 via 192.168.1.1(on Serial1/0) C 10.10.11.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0 七、 注意事项和排错 1. 每个路由器的OSPF进程号可以不同，一个路由器可以有多个OSPF进程 2. OSPF是无类路由协议，一定要加掩码 3. 第一个区域必须是区域0 八、 配置序列 Router-A#show running-conf Building configuration. Current configuration: ! !version 1.3.2E service timestamps log date service timestamps debug date no service password-encryption ! hostname Router-A ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 no ip directed-broadcast ip ospf network point-to-point ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0 no ip directed-broadcast shutdown ! interface Serial1/0 no ip address no ip directed-broadcast physical-layer speed 64000 ! interface Serial1/1 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 no ip directed-broadcast physical-layer speed 64000 ! interface Async0/0 no ip address no ip directed-broadcast ! ! router ospf 2 network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 0 network 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.0 area 0 ! ! 九、 共同思考 1. OSPF与RIP有哪些区别？ 2. 环回接口有什么好处？ 十、 课后练习 请将地址改为10.0.0.0/24重复以上实验 十一、 相关命令详解 router ospf 配置路由器使用OSPF路由。No router ospf 禁止路由器使用ospf. router ospf process-id no router ospf process-id 参数 参数 process-id 参数说明 用于内部标示OSPF路由处理的参数，它是本地分配的非负整数。它唯一表示一个ospf的路由处理过程。 缺省 无OSPF路由处理被定义。 命令模式 全局配置态 使用说明 在一个路由器中，可以有多个OSPF路由处理过程。 示例 下面配置了一个OSPF路由处理，其处理号为109。 router ospf 109
