初二英语知识点复习 绝对有用,下载下来留着!!.docx

初二英语知识点复习 绝对有用,下载下来留着!初二英语知识点复习(总结版) 1. take : 拿走 take sb. / sth. to someplace; take sth. with you bring: 带来 bring sth for a picnic Its going to rain, please take an umbrella with you. Youd better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow. 2. keep + 名词 + 形容词 Keep the windows open, its hot here. keep sb doing sth Im sorry Ive kept you waiting for a long time. keep表示“借”用于和一段时间连用： How long can I keep this book? 3. let / make / have sb do sth 让某人干某事 Lets go to the zoo! How did he make the baby stop crying? 4. forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 remember to do sth 记得去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事 5. stop to do sth 停下来做另一件事情 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事 Lets stop to have a test, its too hot today. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away. begin / start to do sth 6. 1 tell / ask sb to do sth 否定形式 tell / ask sb not to do sth. Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous. Our P.E. teacher told us a story yesterday. 7. see / hear / watch sb do sth see / hear / watch sb doing sth I heard him singing in the room when I passed by. 8. enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ; enjoy oneself = have a good time Our classmates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed themselves. 9. be busy with sth ; be busy doing sth They are all busy with their work. 10. finish doing sth. Tom didnt go to bed until he finished writing the composition. 11. want sth / to do sth / sb to do sth would like sth / to do sth / sb to do sth feel like doing sth. He didnt feel like eating anything. 12. had better do sth 2 否定形式： had better not do sth Youd better not sing here, the baby is asleep. 13. Why not do sth ? = why dont you do sth ? = Why didnt you do sth ? Why not come with me? 14. What about sth / what about doing sth ? = How about -? How about playing basketball with us? 15. Thank you for sth / Thanks for doing sth. Thanks for your help. - Its a pleasure. Thanks very much for helping me. 16. instead往往放在句首或句尾 instead of sth / instead of doing sth. 通常放中间 He didnt go to the park. He went to the cinema instead. He went to the cinema instead of going to the park. 17. put on 强调动作 wear 强调状态 in 介词，构成一个短词 Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because well do some cleaning. 3 Kate is wearing a red sweater today. The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li 18. 在if 引导的条件状语从句、以when , before, after , as soon as 引导的时间状语从句, 当主句是：一般将来时态、含情态动词或祈使句的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。 Well go hiking if it doesnt rain tomorrow. it doesnt rain = it isnt rainy Ill tell her the good news as soon as I see her. 同样的情况还适用于not - until 句型 I wont go to bed until I finish my homework. 19. 在以when 引导的时间状语从句, 当从句是一般过去时态时，主句往往用过去进行时,表示在过去的某一时刻正在发生或正在进行的动作： They were having supper when I got to their home. 20. Its time for sth / Its time to do sth / Its time for sb to do sth. Its time for us to start our lesson now. 21. It takes / It took / It will take somebody some time to do something. It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning. It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework. 22. it 作形式主语或形式宾语，其真正的主语或宾语是后面带to 的动词不定式: Its necessary to learn English well. We found it difficult to work out the maths problems. 23. too - to 句型, too - for sb to do sth -，对某人来说太-以致于不能- The apples on the tree are too high for me to reach. Kate is too young to go to school. 4 24. enough 用法：形前名后， big enough ; enough food - enough to do sth 足够-能够- Jim is old enough to go to school. 25. little , a little 修饰不可数名词 ; much 修饰不可数 few a few 修饰可数名词; many 修饰可数 a little a few 具有肯定含义little few 具有否定含义 some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以 修饰不可数，也可以修饰可数名词； There is a little time left, take it easy. Wed better go shopping ,there are few eggs left. Mr. Little doesnt have much money. 26. much too 中心词是too, 常修饰形容词, Its much too cold today, we should wear warm clothes. too much中心词是much, 常修饰不可数名词, Theres too much water, please be careful. 27. 有关情态动词的问答： May I -? No, you cant. No, you mustnt. Must I / we -? No, you neednt. 要注意could 和can的区别：could可表示语气的委婉，也表示过去的能力Could you help me ? Could she swim when she was four years old? 要注意must 和have to 的区别：must强调主观, have to 强调客观 要注意maybe和 may be的区别 ： maybe在句中作谓语 Maybe its here. 5 It may be here. 28. 不定代词：someone, anyone ; something , anything , nothing ; somebody , anybody, nobody. Something常用于肯定句和表示请求的疑问句中 ， anything用于否定句中和疑问句中，not anything = nothing ; without anything = with nothing Would you like something to eat? Id like Chinese tea with nothing in it . 形容词修饰不定代词要放在不定代词后面： Be quiet! I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper? 29. 反身代词: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves. 要记住：一、二人称用物主，第三人称用宾格， 复数self要变selves 和反身代词有关的一些词组：enjoy oneself. = have a good time. learn by oneself, leave one by oneself She had to teach her son herself. I dont need your help, I can do it myself. 30. 形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词： What a strong wind! Its blowing strongly. 连系动词：be, feel, look, get, turn , taste, smell, become, + 形容词作表语 31. 感叹句：What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词的单数形式+ 主语+ 谓语！ What+ 形容词+ 可数名词的复数形式 / 不可数名词+ 主语+ 谓语！ How + 形容词或副词 + 主语+ 谓语！ What a nice day it is ! What beautiful flowers they are! How happily they are playing! 32. 反意疑问句：要注意前肯后否，前否后肯，要用be动词，助动词或情态动词来做，要注意否定词：never, little, few, hardly ,nothing, nobody 等 祈使句的反意疑问句用：will you ? 6 以Lets开头的反意疑问句用: shall we ? She usually gets up at six, doesnt she? Theres little water in the bottle, is there? Please take these books to the office, will you? You have never been to New York, have you? 33. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级：要注意比较级和最高级的构成: 规则变化: 要双写的：big, fat, thin, red, 不规则变化：good, bad, far, ill, 比较级用在：than ， a little + ， much + , 最高级用在： of all, of the three, in his class, in the world等表示有范围的短语中， one of + 最高级 + 可数名词的复数 34. 以so 引导的倒装句：表示-也一样，也如此，前后主语要不一致，要通过be动词、助动词、情态动词来做: I reached home at 9:00, so did my brother. Canadians eat a lot of beef, so do Chinese people. 35. either-or-, neither - nor - 连接两个主语，谓语动词采用就近原则； Either of -或 Neither of -谓语动词用单数； Both of -或 both - and -谓语动词用复数 Both of them are Chinese. Neither of them is Australian. Neither Jim nor I am American. 7