初中英语语法宾语从句讲解.docx

初中英语语法宾语从句讲解 初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习及答案 注意宾语从句小口诀 宾语从句三注意时态语序引导词 主句一般现在时从句不需受限制 主句一般过去时从句须用相应时 陈述句转化that引一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语也可做介词的 宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的 宾语从句从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意一般情况下whether 和if 可以互用 但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时 引导的是条件状语从句 这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时引导词用特殊疑问词引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matterwrong with you? 特殊情况当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时句式结构应为引导词 do you think陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态 a.当主句是一般现在时一般将来时或祈使句时从句不受主句的限制根据自身的需要选 用相应的时态。例如 Do you knowif/whether he has seen the film? 2 b.当主句是一般过去时从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如 I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film. 注意当主句是一般过去时而从句表示的是客观真理自然现象科学原理格言等 从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如 He said that the earth moves round the sun. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 4.、人称的变化和标点的使用 a.从句的主语如果是第一人称变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致如果是第二人称则 与主句的宾语一致如果是第三人称不用变化。如 “May I use your knife”He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number. b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句用句号主句是疑问句用问号。如 Who will give us a talk? I don?t know. I don?t know who will give us a talk. Do you knowWhere does he live? Do you know where he lives? 二、宾语从句的转化 1.2. 当主句谓语动词是hopewishdecideforgetplanagree等且主句主语与从句 主语相同时从句可简化为不定式结构。如 She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths. 2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾 语时主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。例如 I don't know which sweater I should buy.I don't know which sweater to buy. 3.当主句的谓语动词是asktell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时从句的主语和间接宾语一 致且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,或者在连接 代词/副词引导的宾语从句中当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时宾语从句可简化 为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如Could you tell me how to get to the park? 4. 当主句谓语动词是findseewatchhear等感官动词时从句常简化为“宾语宾补” 结构宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如 She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 3 宾语从句专项习题 巩固练习 1.Have you decided _for Australia? A. when will you leave B. when do you leave C. you will leave when D. when you will leave 2.Can you tell me _ ? A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives 3.The old man asked me _ . A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinema C. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema 4.I think _ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how 5.I didn?t know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how 6.I wonder _ . A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes cost C. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost 7.She asked me _ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is 8.Ask him _. A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup 9.I don?t know _ . A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movie C. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts 10.The doctor asked me how long _ . A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill 11.The weather forecast doesn?t say _. A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow C. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow 12.Do you know _? A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this is C. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to 13.Could you tell me where _? A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape 14.They want to know _? A. where is the hospital B. how old are you C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying 15.Tony wanted to know _. A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking 16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not. A. when B. whether C. where D. if 17.July didn?t know_. A. where is Tim?s father B. when was the first watch made C. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch 18.No one told us _, so we need your help. A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do 19.We don?t know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea. A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do 20.He asked me _. 4 A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender of the money C. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money 21. Did you hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 22. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. which class are you in C. you are in which class D. are you in which class 23. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station 24. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 25. Tom asked me _. A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was 26. Excuse me, could you tell me _? A. where?s the teachers? office B. where?s the bus station C. what?s she doing D. where the post office is 27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don?t know _. A. she lives where B. she where lives C. where she lives D. where does she live 28. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I don?t know _. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there 29. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. what he said 30. Have you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when are you going D. when you are going 31. Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show 32. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in _. A. how egg is fried B. how is egg fried C. How egg fries D. how does egg fry 33. Do you know _? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it 34. Do you know _? A. whose book is this B. whose book this is C. this book is whose D. who?s book this is 35. I don?t know _ now. A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat 36. Does he know _? A. what?s your name B. what name is your C. what your is name D. what your name is 37. Do you know _? A. which floor he lives B. which floor he lives on C. he lives on which floor D. which floor does he lives on 38. Tell me where _? A. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is 39. He hasn?t decided _. A. if he?ll go on a trip to Wu xi B. when will he go on a trip to Wu xi C. if he goes on a trip to Wu xi D. when does he go on a trip to Wu xi 40. Can you see _? A. what he?s reading B. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what 5 能力提高练习 1. I don't know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I don't know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come 3. Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _? A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I don't know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children don't know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I can't understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 11. I don?t know _ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D. where 12. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in 13. Do you still remember _? A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say 14. I can?t understand _the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left 15. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen 16. They tried to find out _ the new train _. A. how far/ had gone B. how long/ has gone C. how far/ went D. how far / had run 17. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. what?s the matter 18. Can you tell me _? A. what are you doing B. where do you study C. what you were doing D. what to do it 19. He asked his father _. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen 20.No one tells us_ so we need your help. A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it 21. Could you please teach me _ the computer. A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking 22. _ he?ll come or not isn?t important. A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What 23. Would you like to know _they will do it or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why 24. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry I?ve no idea. A./; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. did bought 25. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years. 6 A. how; another B. what; more C. how ; other D. what; another 26. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the USA. A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has gone C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone 27. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _ we?ll visit the museum instead. A. you have; will rain B. you will have; will rain C. you will have; rains D. will you have; rains 28. I don?t know if he _tomorrow. If he _ I?ll meet him. A. will come; comes B. comes; comes C. will come; will come D. comes; will come 29. I really don?t know if she _ it when she _. A. finds; arrives B. finds ;will arrive C. will find; will arrive D. will find; arrives 30. Can you make sure _. the gold ring? A. where Alice has put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice had put D. where has Alice put 31. - When are the Shutes leaving for New York? -Pardon? - I asked _. A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York B. when the Shutes are leaving for New York C. when were the Shutes leaving for New York D. when the Shutes were leaving for New York 32. Could you tell me _? I have something interesting to tell him. A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong is C. where was Li Hong D. where Li Hong has been to 33. - Could you tell me _? A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is Thanksgiving C. which animal does he like best D. what time will the dolphin show start 34. I want to know _. A. what is his name B. what?s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 35. He asked me _. A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have C. they would help us do it D. what was wrong with me 36. Do you still remember _ at the meeting? A. that Jim said B. what Jim said C. did Jim said that D. what did Jim said 37. - Excuse me, _ to the nearest bookshop, please? #NAME? A. where the way is B. which the way is C. where is the way D. which is the way 38. -Can I help you? - Yes. I want a ticket to Suqian. Tell me _take to get there. A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it 39. - I hear we?ll have a new teacher this term. - Really? Do you know _? A. what subject does he teach B. what subject will he teach C. what subject he teaches D. what subject is he going to teach 40. He asked his teacher _. A. if there was a monster in Loch Ness B. when was Albert Ein