初中英语阅读科普知识 发明 现代技术.docx

初中英语阅读科普知识 发明 现代技术Robots The technology is improving every day. We will see some very exciting home robots in the next few years. In the future the robots can do lots of things: Getting things In a few years, it will be possible to tell your home robot to get a piece of bread for you. The robot will use its eyes and an arm to get the bread for you. Watering plant Future robots will carry water to water plants. Telling danger A home robot will find out fire, smoke and other danger easily. Every night the robot will make its rounds to make sure that everything is right. Looking after children A robot will help us look after our children well when we are not at home. Choose the best answer according to the passage. ( ) 1. A robot will get something for you with _. A. a hand B. eyes and a leg C. an arm D. eyes and an arm ( ) 2. What does “make its round” mean in Chinese? A.转圈 B.巡查 C.工作 D. 制作 ( ) 3. What will robots do when people are not at home? A. Robots will do housework with the children. B. Robots will cook for the children. C. Robots will look after the children. D. Robots will smoke with the children. ( ) 4. Robots can do all the following things EXCEPT (除了) _. A. Carry heavy things. B. Look after children. C. Look after plants. D. Get things for people. ( ) 5. What is the passage about? A. The food of robots. B. The dream of robots. C. The future of robots. D. The life of robots. TV Many people like to watch TV. Watching TV is one of the most important activities (活动) of the day. TV brings the outside world to the people. Some people say the world is smaller than before, because of TV. Whats going on in the other countries? How do people live in the other places far away? Is there a sport game? If you want to answer these and the other kind of questions, just turn on the TV and watch it. You can see a lot and learn a lot. People can also learn on the radio. But with TV you can learn better and more easily. Because you can hear and watch, TV helps us to open our eyes. TV also gives us some new ideas. Choose the best answer according to the passage. ( ) 1. Some people say the world is smaller than before because of _. A. TV B. radio C. newspaper ( ) 2. With TV we can learn better and more easily than radio because _. A. we can hear B. we can watch C. we can hear and watch ( ) 3. _ the TV and you can learn a lot. A. Turn on B. Turn off C. Turn over ( ) 4. Many people like to _. A. watch TV B. see TV C. look at TV ( ) 5. _ brings outside world to the people. A. TV B. Radio C. Newspaper Make true (T) or false (F). ( ) 1. Watching TV is the only important thing of a day. ( ) 2. Because of TV, some people say the world is bigger than before. Computers We are already familiar with computers computers work for us at home, in offices and in factories. But it is also true that many children today are using computers at schools before they can write. What does this mean for the future? Are these children lucky or not? Many people who do not know about computers think of them as machines that children play with. They worry that children do not learn from experience but just from pressing a button and that this is not good for them. They think that children are growing not knowing about the real world. But people who understand more about computers say that computers can be very good for children. A computer can help them to learn about the real world more quickly, to learn what they want to learn and think for themselves. And for the future, dont we need people who can think clearly, who know how to get information quickly and use it well? What do you think? Choose the best answer according to the passage. ( ) 1. “To be familiar with” means to _. A. know nothing B. know about C. dislike D. like ( ) 2. Does everyone think computers are good for children? A. Yes, they do. B. No, not everyone thinks so. C. They dont know. D. They are not sure. ( ) 3. What can computers help children to do? A. To think clearly, to do homework and to write. B. To play games, to do math and to copy. C. To think clearly, to get information and to use it well. D. To count, to clean the house and to get information. ( ) 4. Does the writer think computer is a good thing? A. It isnt mentioned. B. No, he doesnt think so. C. He doesnt know. D. Yes, he does. Albert Einstein One day the famous American scientist Albert Einstein met an old friend of his on a street in New York. “Mr Einstein,” said the friend, “ it seems that you need to put on a new overcoat. Look, how worn-out it is!” “It doesnt matter,” answered Albert Einstein. “No one knows me here in New York.” Several years later they met in New York again. Einstein had been a world-famous physicist after then but he still wore the same old overcoat. Once more his friend persuaded him to buy a new one. “There is no need now,” said Einstein, “Everybody here has known me.” Locating the answers 1. Where did Albert Einstein met an old friend of his? _ 2. What did the friend want him to buy? _ 3. How about Einsteins overcoat? _ 4. Did Einstein still wear the same old overcoat when he became a world-famous physicist? _ 5. What did Einstein say when the friend persuade once more him to buy a new overcoat? _ During the day we work and play. At night we sleep. Our bodies rest while we sleep. In the morning we are ready to work and play again. Our bodies grow most while we are asleep. Children usually need more sleep than adults. They can learn their lessons better after they have had plenty of rest. Boys and girls who are eight or nine years old need ten hours of sleep every night. Our bodies need plenty of air when we sleep. If we do not get enough fresh air, we will feel tired when we wake up. While in bed we must not cover our heads. Our lungsneed to get enough fresh air. If we keep our windows open at night, we can have plenty of fresh air in the room. 1. Our bodies grow most while we are _. A. eating B. playing C. sleeping D. exercising 2. Too little sleep makes us _. A. tired B. hungry C. happy D. grow 3. What may cause us to feel tired in the morning? A. Too much air. B. Not enough fresh air. C. Too much cold air. D. Too much sleep. 4. How many hours of sleep should 9-year-old children have every night? A. Eight hours. B. Nine hours. C. Ten hours. D. Eleven hours 5. What do our lungs need most? A. Fresh air. B. Cold air. C. Warm air. D. Exercises. 1.C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A Now satellites are helping to forecast(预报) the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere (大气), because this is where the weather forms (形成). They send these pictures to the weather stations. So meteorologists(气象学家) can see the weather of any part of the world. From the pictures, the scientists can often say how the weather will change. Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures. When they receive new pictures, the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather forecast, the meteorologists can say this. So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists. Before satellites were invented, the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24or 48 hours. Now they can make good forecasts for three or five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead (提前). 1. Satellites travel _. A. in space B. above space C. above the ground D. in the atmosphere 2. Why do we use the weather satellites to take pictures of the atmosphere？Because _. A. clouds form there B. the weather forms there C. the weather satellites can do it easily D. the pictures can forecast the weather 3. Meteorologists forecast the weather _. A. without studying satellite pictures B. before they receive satellite pictures C. when they have received satellite pictures D. after they have compared the new satellite pictures with the earlier ones 4. Maybe well soon be able to forecast the weather for _. A. one day B. two days C. five days D. seven days or even longer 5. The main idea of this passage is that satellites are now used in _. A. taking pictures of the earth B. receiving pictures of the atmosphere C. weather forecasting D. doing other work in many ways We are already familiar with computerscomputers work for us at home, in offices and in factories. But it is also true that many children today are using computers at schools before they can write. What does this mean for the future? Are these children lucky or not? Many people who do not know about computers think of them as machines that children play with. They worry that children do not learn from experience but just from pressing a button and that this is not good for them. They think that children are growing not knowing about the real world. But people who understand more about computers say that computers can be very good for children. A computer can help them to learn about the real world more quickly, to learn what they want to learn and think for themselves. And for the future, dont we need people who can think clearly, who know how to get information quickly and use it well? What do you think? 1. “To be familiar with” means to _. A. know nothing B. know about C. dislike D. like 2. Does everyone think computers are good for children? A. Yes, they do. B. No, not everyone thinks so. C. They dont know. D. They are not sure. 3. What can computers help children to do? A. To think clearly, to do homework and to write. B. To play games, to do math and to copy. C. To think clearly, to get information and to use it well. D. To count, to clean the house and to get information. 4. Does the writer think computer is a good thing? A. It isnt mentioned. B. No, he doesnt think so. C. He doesnt know. D. Yes, he does. Light travels at a speed which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound. You can get some idea of this difference by watching the start of a race. If you stand some distance away from the starter, you can see smoke from his gun before the sound reaches your ears. This great speed of light produces some strange facts. Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach us. If you look at the light of the moon tonight, remember that the light rays left the moon 1.3 seconds before they reached you. The nearest star is so far away that the light that you can see from it tonight started to travel towards you four years ago at a speed of nearly 2 million km. per minute. In some cases, the light from one of tonights stars had started on its journey to you before you were born. Thus, if we want to be honest, we cant say, “The stars are shining tonight.” We have to say instead, “The stars look pretty. They were shining four years ago, but their light has only just reached the earth.” 1. Light speed is _ sound speed A. as fast as B. a million times slower than C. about millions of times faster than D. about a million times faster than 2. If you stand 200 metres away from a man who is firing a gun to start a race, you will find out that _. A. you can hear the sound before you see the smoke B. the sound does not travel as fast as light C. the sound will reach you before the man fires D. sound travels about a million times faster than light 3. Sunlight obviously (明显地) _ than the light of the moon A. has to travel a greater distance B. moves less quickly C. travels much more quickly D. is less powerful(有力的) 4. The scientific way of saying "The stars are shining tonight" should be _. A. the stars have been shining all the time B. the stars seen tonight will shine four years later C. the stars were shining long ago but seen tonight D. the starlight seen today could be seen four years ago Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833, but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Immanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Immanuel Nobel invented landmine and made a lot of money from the government during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt soon after. Then, the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred began his own study of explosives in his fathers lab. He had never been to school or university but had taught himself, and by the time he was twenty, he became a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English. He built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. He was always searching for a meaning to life. He spent much time and money working on how to end the wars, and the peace between nations, until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous last will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideas. And so, the man is remembered and respected long after his death. 根据短文内容，选择能回答所提问题的正确答案。 1. Where was Alfred Nobel born? He was born in _. A. Sweden B. Stockholm C. Russia D. Moscow 2. What did Immanuel Nobel invented during the Crimean War? A. The engineering industry. B. A strong position. C. Landmine. D. Study of explosives. 3. Why did Alfred Nobel return to Sweden ? Because his father _. A. went bankrupt B. was put in prison C. was ill D. died 4. How many companies did Alfred Nobel build up? He built up _ companies in different countries. A. 20 B. 40 C. 60 D. 80 5. What was Alfred Nobel always searing for? _. A. More time and more money B. A meaning to life C. How to end the war D. The peace between nations One day the famous American scientist Albert Einstein met an old friend of his on a street in New York. “Mr Einstein,” said the friend, “ it seems that you need to put on a new overcoat. Look, how worn-out it is!” “It do