初中英语选词填空大.docx

初中英语选词填空大初中英语选词填空解题技巧 根据平时的观察，学生在做英语的“选词填空”时，遭遇较多困难，有的甚至条件反射一样畏惧或厌烦。在此，分享平时积累的解题技巧和训练技巧略，希望能给同学们提供一点帮助。 “选词填空”要求学生利用所给的12个词汇(一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等)补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。 1.在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad. 等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。 2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。 3.在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。 对于名词，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如：match-matches, friend-friend's/friends'。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如：sun-sunny, use-useful/useless/used, danger-dangerous； 对于动词，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式- to do, 现在分词-doing, 过去分词-done, 固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done)； 对于形容词和副词，要主动去判定它们之间的相互转换，是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：interesting-more /the most interesting, happy-happily，happy -happiness; 对于代词，注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法； 对于数词，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third, 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of ； 对于冠词，只需要在 a或an之间判别，如a girl /an old man; 对于介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。 为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜： 空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有 's 不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘 “基” 和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。 4. 完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。 1 检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。 例题： 五、词语运用(1 0小题，每小题l分，共1 0分) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答写在短文后相应题号的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。 dirty with have always time they large want speak lesson first drop After a quick breakfast, I went into the lecture hall in a hurryA famous teacher was 66 to the studentsHe was holding up a $100 billThen he said to the three hundred students，“Who would like this $100 bill?” The students put up 67 hands at onceThen he said，“I am going to give this $100 bill to one of you，but 68 ，let me do this”He made the bill into a ballThen he said. “Who 69 it now?” The hands went back into the air“Well,” he said，“what if I do this?” and he 70 it on the floor and stepped on itHe picked up the 7l bill and said“Who still wants it?” Hands went back again into the air.” My friends,” he said，“you have learned a valuable(有价值的) 72 todayNo matter what I did to the $100 bill! Many 73 in our life，we are dropped and stepped onWe feel as if we are worth nothingBut remember, no matter what 74 happened to you，you will never lose your value：You are 75 valuable to those people who love youYour value doesnt come from what you do or whom you know, but who you are.” 1. 单词诠释；进行预判 1. dirty < adj. > make the room dirty 2. with <prep > - without < prep> 3. have 拥有 < 实义动词> - has ( 单三 ) had ( 过去式) have <助动词 > ： 构成完成时 have done / has done / had done 4. always< adv. > ： be always doing 一直干某事 5. time < U. > 时间 have a good / bad time Time is precious. < C. > 时代 in modern /old times 6. they < pron. > they 主格 - them宾格 - themselves 反身代词 their 形容词性物主代词 - theirs 名词性物主代词 7. large < adj.> 比较级 larger 最高级 largest 副词largely 8. want < v. > want sth. want sb. to do sth. 9. speak <vi.> speak to / with sb. speak about sth. 10. give sb. a lesson 给某人个教训 learn a lesson 学习一课 11. first - firstly; at first ; then 12 drop < vt.> - dropped dropped; drop sth. on the ground 2. 缺词通读全文， 经行预判 3. 瞻前顾后，仔细填空，注意单词的变形。 try, how, what, if, can, wonderful , much, shop, glass , read, down, put Tom lived away from town. One day he went into town to buy something in the shop, and after he 2 bought 1. _ he wanted, he went into a restaurant and sat 2. _ at the table. When he looked round, he saw some old people 3. _ eyeglasses on before 4. _ their books, so after lunch he went to a shop to buy 5._, too. He walked along the road, and soon found a 6. _. The man in the shop made him 7. _ on a lot of glasses, but each time Tom said, “No, I cant read with these.” The man became 8. _ and more puzzled (困惑) . At last he said, “Excuse me, but 9. _ you read at all?” “No, I cant!” Tom said, “10. _ I can read, do you think I will come here to buy glasses? ” not speak, call , idea, and, what, garden, hear , quiet , do ,eat , name, say A farmer saw an old man growing something on the other side of the river. The farmer 1. _ out to him, “ What are you growing , Grandpa? ” The old man 2. _ for a moment, then said, “Swim over 3. _ Ill tell you.” The farmer didnt like the 4. _ of swimming across the river. But he wanted to know 5. _ the old man was doing. He swam over. The old man said very 6. _ in his ear, “ Im planting peas in my 7. _ .” “You should have shouted. I would have 8. _ quite clearly on that side.” Said the farmer. “Oh, no, I wouldnt 9. _ that. The sparrows would have heard me and 10. _ my peas.” well , soft, second ,better , may , strongly, afraid, sand , stay up, if, now, house We cant stop an earthquake(地震), but we can do things to make sure they dont destroy(毁坏) whole cities. First, it is not a 1._ idea to build houses along lines where 2. _ of the earths plates(板块) join together. Second, if you think there 3. _ be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks, not on 4. _. Third, you must make the houses as 5. _ as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6. _ . . Scientists are 7. _ that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco(旧金山) . They call it “The Big One”. However, people today are still building more 8. _ . The population in and around San Francisco is 9. _ ten times more than it was in 1906. This means that 10. _ there is another earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed. 补全对话题型解读 河南中招考试采用的都是填写句子的形式，它共有5小题，每题要求填写一个句子，完成一段10到14个来回的对话，以此来考查学生在具体情景和上下文中口语交际的能力。英语新课程标准要求学生掌握初中毕业生学会使用一些常用的功能意念项目以达到初步交际的目的。这些功能意念项目包括：问候、介绍、告别、感谢、道歉、邀请、请求允许、祝愿和祝贺、提供帮助、约会、打电话、就餐、就医、购物、问路、谈论天气、语言交际困难、提醒注意、劝告、建议等20个项目。 1.对职业提问：What does his father do? His father is a doctor. 2.对人物身份提问：Who is the boy? He is my friend. 3.对人物性格提问：What is your teacher like? He is kind-hearted. 4.对人物长相提问：What does Tom look like? He is very tall and has curly hair. 5.对天气提问：How is the weather? It is very cold there. 6.对颜色提问：What color is your backpack? It is green and blue. 3 7.对时间提问：What time is it now? Its 7:00 now. 8.对星期提问：What day is today? Today is Tuesday. 9.对日期提问：What is the date today? Today is May 2, 2008. 10.对年龄提问：How old is your brother? He is 15 years old. 11.对延续时间段的提问：How long has Sally lived here? She has lived here for 5 years. 12.对距离的提问：How far is your school? It is half an hours walk from here. 13.对动作频率的提问：How often does she go to visit her grandma? She goes to visit her grandma once a week. 14.对即将发生动词时间段的提问：How soon will the teacher be back? He will be back in a week. 15.对具体数量的提问：How many books did he buy? He bought 10 books. 16.对量或价钱的提问：How much does the shirt cost? It cost her 200 dollars. 补全对话(打电话+约会) A: Hello, may I speak to David? B: _.(1) A: Hi, David! This is Lin Tao speaking. B: Hi, Lin Tao . Whats up? A: What are you going to do next Sunday? B: _. (2) Do you have any ideas? A: Shall we go to the zoo? I hear theres a dolphin show there. B: A dolphin show? Good idea! _ ?(3) A: By bike. B: _? (4) A: At half past nine. B: _? (5) A: Lets meet outside the zoo gate. B: All right .See you then. 补全对话 A: Hi, Mary. Are you going to visit Beihai Park tomorrow? B: Yes. Well start at 7:50. _ ? (1) A: Id love to. But do you think its going to rain tomorrow? B: _. (2) Look, there isnt any cloud in the sky. A: I hope it will be fine tomorrow. _ ? (3) B: Not far. Itll take us half an hour. Its only 5 bus stops. A: You mean well go there by bus, is that right? B: Yes. _. (4) A: But Id like to go there by bike. At that time the streets are very busy. Buses cant go faster than bikes. B: I agree with you. Going by bike can save both time and money. A: Yes. _ . (5) B: OK. Goodbye. A: Bye-bye. 4