初中代词专题知识点讲解和练习.docx

初中代词专题知识点讲解和练习语法-代词 人称代词：主格、宾格 物主代词：形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词 反身代词 代词 指示代词 不定代词 疑问代词 相互代词 each other ，one another 一人称代词： 主格 宾格 第一人称 单数 I me 复数 we us 第二人称 单数 you you 1. 第三人称 单数 he / she / it him / her / it 2. 复数 they them 第一人称单数代词 I 无论在什么地方出现都要大写。 人称代词的排列顺序 ： 二 ，三，一 (单数） 一，二，三 eg : you , he and I ( 你， 他，我） we , you and they (我们，你们，他们） 人称代词作主语时 要用其 主格 eg: they are nurses. she is a barber. 动词后用宾格eg : I help him and he helps me 2. 介词后用宾格eg : Jim takes good care of me Ex ：1.Miss Zhang teaches _ math. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 2. _ like playing soccer with _. A. Them , me B. They, I C. They , me D. Them,I 3. Tom is a new student. _ knew none of _. A. He, us B.He , we C. Him , us D. His, we 4. You can sit between_. A. he and I B. him and me C. me and him 5. _ all come here early. A. Them B. She C. We D. Us 1. _ am a student . Jim is my brother . _ is a student ,too. Both of _ like English. 2. Mary is an English . _ teaches us English. 3. His mother asked _ to look after his sister. 4. _ are students . So _must study hard (我们） 5. Can you look after _? 6. My father is very kind . _ likes talking to _ . 7. Do you know where Lucy and Lily are . _ cant find _ 8. _ am here. Can you see _ ? 9. Does _like _ ? 10 . _(他) plays basketball better than _(我） 二、物主代词： “的” 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 my mine 复数 our ours 第二人称 单数 your yours 复数 your yours 第三人称 单数 his / her / its his/ hers / its 复数 their theirs 用法： 形容词性物主代词+ 名词 名词性物主代词相当于名词， Eg : This is my book = This book is mine That is your pen , mine is in my bag. this is Lucys coat，yours is different from hers 1. _ room is better than _. A. They , us B. Their , our C.Their, ours 2. Is this _ sister ? No, She is _ sister. A. your , his B. your, mine C. his , mine 3. She is _ English teacher . She teaches _ well. A. our, ours B. our , us C. their , they 4. Must _ go to _ office now ? A. we , his B. he , you C. they, yours 5. You must bring _notebook to the school.B A. you B. your C.yours 6. The red bag is _ ._ is white.A A. his , Mine B. him, My C. mine ,Him 7. Can _ use _ bike ?B A. I , you B. I , your C. me, your 三、反身代词 ： 自己 第一人称 单数 myself 复数 ourselves 第二人称 单数 yourself 复数 yourselves 第三人称 单数 himself / herself / itself (他自己） 复数 themselves (他们自己） 用法： 与主语的人称一致 Eg : I can teach myself English . We enjoyed ourselves . 常用词组： 1. Help oneself to sth 请自便 / 别客气 You can help yourselves to the cake , children. 2. enjoy oneself 玩得开心=have a good time 3. teach oneself sth = learn sth by oneself 自学 We can teach ourselves English. = We can learn English by ourselves . 4. look after oneself 照顾自己 5. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 She cant leave Tom by himself . 6. by oneself 靠自己 7.dress oneself 自己穿衣服 8. say to oneself 自言自语 9. lose oneself in 沉迷于 e to oneself 苏醒 11.kill oneself 自杀 12.introduce oneself 自我介绍 13.devote oneself to 专心于 Ex. 1. Lucy, can you do it by _ ? 2. My mother said she could look after _. 3. We must finish it by _. 4. They came to see the house _ yesterday. 5. Lilei can dress _ and wash _ . 6. My parents enjoy_ every day. 7. Did he hurt _? 8. You can pick the apple by _, John. 9. Miss Liu taught _ Japanese . 10. The twins correct the mistakes by _ . 11. Who teaches _ English ? He teaches _. A. himself ,himself B. him, himself C. his , himself 四、指示代词 1、指示代词的形式 ：单数：this , that 复数：these , those 2、打电话时，常用“that”询问对方是“谁”， 用“this”介绍自己。 如：-Hello , Is that Lucy ? - Hello , this is Lucy. 五、疑问代词 指人：who , whom , whose ，which 指物：what , which 指时间： when 指地点： where(疑问副词) 指方式：how 六、不定代词 1.常见的不定代词有：some , any , one, each , every , no , none , all , both ,either , neither , many , much , a few , a little , other , another ,the other 等 it 的用法 1、指时间、天气或距离等 如：Its eight oclock now . Its time for class . Its getting hotter and hotter. Its five miles from my home to school . 2、指谈话双方都知道的或都不知道的人或事 如：-Who is knocking at the door ? -It must be Lilei. He said he would come tonight . -Who is it ? - Its me. 3、做形式主语或形式宾语 如：Its very important to study English well . We found it hard to finish the work on time. 3. all 是在三者或三者以上 eg, Lily, Lucy and I are all students. We all stand here . 当表示两者都用 both eg, Lily and Lucy are both clever. My sister and I both go to school . 2. little 和 a little, few 和 a few a little + 不可数名词 一点点 , 肯定 little + 不可数名词 几乎没有 , 否定 eg, There is _meat in the fridge. Lets go and get some . I am very thirsty. Luckily , there is _tea in the teapot . I have learned English for one year. I can speak _ now . 3, every 和 each后都可以接单数可数名词 eg, every / each teacher 但 each则是指两者或两者以上中的每一个，且 可用于each of 结构，every 表示三个或三个以上中的每一个，且不可以用 of 结构. eg, Every boy has a bike . - Each boy has a bike . - Each of the boys has a bike. eg, on _side of the street 4., some 用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句 eg, There is some water in the cup , but not any milk . Is there any news today ? 但在疑问句中，当说话者希望对方做肯定回答时 要用 some , 而不是 any eg, -May I have some paper , please ? -Sure. Here you are . 5. either: 任意一个 eg,-Would you like tea or coffee ? - Either is ok, I dont mind . 构成 either or 词组 或者或者 Either you or your brother is here . -Either your brother or you are here . Either you or your brother works here . -Either your brother or you _ here . neither 一个都没有 -Would you like some tea or coffee ? -Neither . I like orange juice . neither nor 既不、也不、 Neither you nor your brother is in Row 3. -Neither your brother nor you are in Row 3 Neither he nor his sisters have a car. -Neither his sisters nor he _a car. 6., another: 另一个,单数可数名词 other: 另外的，其余的 + 复数名词, 泛指 the other: 另外的，其余的 + 复数名词, 特指 others: 另外的, 泛指 the others: 另外的, 特制 此外，固定词组 one the other 一个、另一个、 eg, Of the two boys , one is my brother , _ is his brother . Of the three teachers , one is from America , _ two are from England . Would you like _cup of tea ? 1.- Is this your dictionary? B - No, _ is in my bag. A. hers B. mine C. yours 2. - We have to be quick. The train A starts at 10:35. - Dont worry. There is _ time to go. A. a little B.few C. little D. any 3. Weve got two TV sets, but _ works well.D A. any B. both C.either D. neither 4. How many of these books have you read? -_ of them, every one. A. Many B. Some C.All D. None 5. - Did your parents go to the film yesterday evening? -No, we_ stayed at home watching TV. A. both B. all C. either D. none 6.Boys and girls! Please help _ to some apples. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves 4. My parents _ teachers. B They work hard. A. are all B. are both C. both are 5.Listen! I have _ to tell you.B A. important something B. something important C. anything important D, nothing important 6.I have two friends. One is a farmer, _is a teacher.B A. another B. other C. the other 7.You look thirsty. Would you like to _water. A. any B. some C. a few 8.Look! There are so _ students in the field. A. much B. little C. many 9.There are some trees on _ sides of the road. A. both B. either C. neither 10. The boy is looking for _mother. A. her B. he C. his 11,-Is there _ in the room ? - No, _is in . A, anybody, nobody B, anybody, everybody C, somebody, anybody 12, _do you have for lunch ? A, Which B, Where C, What 13, Terry enjoyed _very much . A, he B, him C, himself 14, The man is _Chinese teacher . A, Tom and Tim B, Toms and Tims C, Tom and Tims 二 .each ，every的区别 each 强调“个体”，可作代词和限定词，指“两个或两个以上中的每一个”。Every 强调“全体”，只能作定语，指“三个或三个以上中的每一个”。Each作为同位语时，不影响谓语动词的形式，不可用not each表示部分否定。 Each of my children goes to a different school. Each of the tickets costs 10dollars. =the tickets cost 10dollars each =the tickests each cost 10 dollars.(each 作同位语) Every man is not honest = not every man is honest.