从 know 与 know about…说开去.docx

从 know 与 know about说开去从 know 与 know about / of 说开去 崔长平 河南遂平一高 英语中的有些及物动词，其后有些时候带有of或about。这种在动词后面加上of或about的用法，使动词对宾语的直接性大大地减弱了，而间接性增强了。 know of 意为“了解，知道 的情况，得知的消息”，意义相当于know about。 I want to know about this thing now from beginning to end. I happened to know about him. I knew about it long ago. 注意下列句中know与know of / about 之间的差别。 - Do you know Mr. Black? 你认识Mr.Black 么？ - No, but I know of him. 不认识，但我听说过他。 He knows me well. 他对我很熟悉。 I know of the town but I have never been there. 我听说过这个小镇，但是我不曾去过。 read of / about 意为“ 读到过关于 的消息”“了解到 的情况”， 而read是“ 读”。 I have read the article in the newspaper. I have read about / of the traffic accident in the newspaper. I have read about them in a magazine. We have read of the events in a paper. read的宾语一般是“文体”之类的东西，如：story，article，passage，text，letter，newspaper， book，poem，paragraph，essay，report，novel等等。 hear of / about 意为 “ 听说， 了解到”，其后一般只带单个的名词或代词作宾语，也可接what从句。 I have heard of unusual hobbies, but I have never heard of that one. It was not until an hour later that we heard about what had happened. I have been hearing all about his accident. Did you ever hear of a painter named Raphael? We have never heard of any misunderstanding between the pair. 中间常可插入anything，something 等词： Have you heard anything of this new novel of Mr.Smith? Lester heard something of this through Mary. will not / wont hear of 意为 “不同意，不允许，拒绝考虑”。 Mother just will not hear of such an idea. I will not hear of you making a trip to the place. Mary needs another day to finish her book report but the teacher will not hear of any delay. He wont hear of Philip leaving him. speak of / about 意为 “说到，谈到，谈起”。 speak 意为“讲某种语言，说出心里话，说某种话”。 试比较： Can you speak English? 1 He can speak several languages. He spoke only a few words. She spoke what was in his heart. We often speak of seven continents, but you can see that Europe,Asia,and Africa are only one landmass. The book speaks of the writers childhood. Think the matter over, and you will speak about it in the morning. He very rarely spoke of his war experience. He spoke of retiring at the end of the year. learn of / about 意为“听说的情况，得知的消息”。 Learning of the uprising of 1848 he returned to Italy. His mother learnt of her sons success in the newspaper. When did you learn of Marys divorce? learn 意为“学习，听说，了解到，知道了，明白” 作“学习”解释时，其后经常接用名词、代词、动词不定式、“疑问词动词不定式”结构、从句等等。 No doubt I learned a lot from that lecture. Much can be learned from a good teacher. He had learned to hide his feeling. You ought to learn how to be patient. We can learn what we did not know. 作“听说，了解到，知道了，明白”解释时，经常后接名词、代词、从句。 From him I learnt our history. We learned the news this morning. I learnt from his letter that he was in Span. You will soon learn that dishonesty does not pay. 附：动词hear的基本用法： 1） vt.“听说”，后带宾语从句，也可以用作插入语。 I hear (that) he will come back in three weeks. They will return from New York the day after tomorrow, I hear. 2）vt. “听见”“听到”，后接名词或代词作宾语。 They both heard a knock at the window. Have you heard the news? I heard them just now. 3）vt.“听见”，“听到”，后接带动词不定式的复合结构，不定式不带to，但在被动句中不定式需带to。 Oh,Robert,I didnt hear you come in. She was heard to leave the house. 4）vt.“听见”，“听到”，后接带现在分词的复合结构。 Through the wall he could hear Harris cleaning his teeth. Voices were heard calling for help. 一般接用单个的词作为宾语，有时也接用what从句，但不接其它从句。 2 在3），4）两种用法中，现在分词多表示一个正在进行的动作或持续进行的状态，而动词不定式多体现动作的全过程，有时也可能是一个完成的动作。 Her mother started when she heard the door open. She could hear the rain patting against the windows. 但在一定的情况下两者可以换用，意义没有太大的差异。 I heard him speak. 我听了他的发言。 I heard him speaking. 我听见他在说话。 I dont like to hear you talking/talk like that. I heard him come in /coming in last night. 5）vt.“听见”，“听到”，后接带过去分词的复合结构，表明宾语和宾补之间存在着逻辑上被动的主谓关系。 He heard the front door shut. Have you ever heard this song sung in Japanese？ 3