人教新课选修7第一单元精讲讲义.docx

人教新课选修7第一单元精讲讲义人教版新课标选修7各单元精讲讲义 选修7第1单元 . 要点导读 1. I have learned to adapt to my disability. (P2) adapt vt. adapt sth (for sth)“使适应” eg: These tools have been adapted for use by disabled people. vi. adapt to“适应”eg: When the family moved to Canada, the children adapted to the change very well. “改编”eg: The movie was adapted from a novel. 2. Other disabled people find the website beneficial because they can read about people with similar difficulties to their own. (P2) beneficial adj.“有用的；有益的”，后常跟to。 eg: Fresh air is beneficial to ones health. The fall in prices will be beneficial to small businesses. benefit (1) v.“使受益；对有用”eg: The new hospital will benefit the whole community. We should spend the money on something that will benefit everyone. (2) n.“利益；好处；优越性” eg: The new factory will be a great benefit to the town. Because of illness she didnt get much benefit from her stay abroad. 3. There will always be a few who cannot see the real person inside my body, but I do not get annoyed. (P3) annoyed adj. “生气的；恼怒的”eg: The sound of footsteps on the floor annoyed the downstairs neighbors. annoy v.“使生气；使恼怒” be annoyed at sth“对某事感到生气” eg: Were annoyed at his rude treatment of his old friends. be annoyed with sb“对某人感到生气” eg: I was annoyed with Tom at his rude behavior at the party. 4. Why has his fellow students conduct changed towards Marty? (P4) conduct (1) n.“行为” eg: His conduct disagrees with his words. “指导，管理”eg: His conduct of the business was very successful. (2) vt.“管理；带领；举止” eg: My uncle conducts his business very successfully. The headmaster conducted us round the school. Your children conduct themselves well. 5. The blind climbers got assistance from sighted companions. (P6) assistance n. U“帮助；援助”，后常跟with引导的介宾短语、in doing sth和动词不定式。 eg: She offered me practical assistance with my research. The company provides assistance in finding jobs. He received assistance to study in America. be of assistance“有好处；有用处” eg: These suggestions will be of assistance to you. with the assistance of“在的帮助下” eg: Some famous problems in maths can only be solved with the assistance of computers. 6. Listen to the latter part of Barrys story where the interviewer congratulates Barry and wishes him future success, (P7) congratulate vt.“祝贺；向道贺”；congratulate sb on sth“因某事祝贺某人” eg: I congratulated Alice on her birthday. We congratulated him on having passed the exam. congratulation n.“祝贺；恭贺”，多作复数。eg: Congratulations on your exam results! We offered our congratulations to Jim on his winning the match. 7. Can you think of any other things that the cinema could do to make it accessible to disabled people? (P9) accessible adj.“可进入的”，后常跟to。 eg: The castle is accessible only across the backyard. “可使用的；容易接近的”eg: The website will be accessible to all Internet users very soon. The teacher was always accessible to the students. access (1) n.“通路；(使用或见到的)机会”，后常跟to。 eg: The only access to the town in across the bridge. 1 (2) v.“到达；进入；使用” eg: The roof of the house can be accessed by a ladder. 8. In other words, there are not so many people in the world like me. (P2) in other words“换句话说” eg: He left for Beijing last month. In other words, he went to Beijing in January. in a word“简言之；总之” eg: In a word, I dont trust him. keep ones word“遵守诺言” eg: You must keep your word after youve promised to buy a piano for me. break ones word“不遵守诺言” eg: If you break your word he will never trust you again. 9. So sometimes kids laugh at me when I get out of breath after running just a short way (P2) out of breath“上气不接下气” eg: We were out of breath after running for half an hour. The 100-meter race left Bill out of breath. catch / hold ones breath“屏住呼吸” eg: She was shocked and caught her breath. We held our breath in excitement. take breath“歇一歇；喘口气” eg: Half-way up the mountain we stopped to take breath. lose ones breath“喘不过来气” eg: If you run very fast, you may lose your breath. 10. All in all, I have a good life. (P3) all in all“总的说来；把所有都考虑在内” eg: All in all, the criticism seemed fair. All in all, her condition is greatly improved. first of all“首先；第一” eg: First of all, I must learn to speak English. above all“首先；最重要的是” eg: Above all, you must keep in touch with each other. 11. So dont feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them. (P3) make fun of = joke about“取笑；开玩笑” eg: I was made fun of my classmates, but I was not annoyed at all. He is serious man, and he doesnt like making fun of others or being made fun of. 12. In particular, I would like you to consider the following things: (P8) in particular“特别；尤其” eg: Wendy liked all her courses, chemistry in particular. I have several plans in my mind, and one in particular seems good. particularly与 especially的区别：都表示“特别；尤其”，但前者强调程度，通常用来修饰形容词、副词或动词；而后者通常用于突出强调某一点。eg: Be particularly careful when driving at night. I like the movie very much especially the ending. 一、单词拼写 1. A student with a learning d may not be able to understand the teacher very well. 2. The people who have bad e are not likely to see the letters clearly. 3. I am sure the promising young man can achieve his a that he becomes the leader of the company. 4. Peter was my c on the journey, so I didnt feel lonely. 5. With the development of i and agriculture, people live a richer life than before. 6. He went to a company after his g from a famous university. 7. He was a and unhappy to learn that the train would be delayed. 8. When you go to a foreign country, you must a yourself to manners and customs there. 9. The research shows that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the a of such support makes poor health more likely. 10. These documents are not a to the public, for they are too important. 11. He is (笨拙的) in making clothes, but he is always willing to help us. 12. It is (蠢笨的) of you to think you will not be caught stealing in the shop. 13. I lose heart again for my failing the exam. Please give me (鼓励), will you? 14. -Would you mind if I would ask you a question that relates to (政治)? -Not at all. 15. -Jack, what is your favourite subject in the university? - (文学), for it gives me much pleasure. 16. The boy wished to get the work so that he could end his dependence on his uncle. That is, he wanted to be (独立的) of his uncle. 2 17. As is known to all, a mans (尊严) depends not upon his wealth but upon his character. 18. The Chinese government has decided to develop the west of China, which will be (对有益) to the people there. 二、选词填空 physical, latter, independent, access, accept, dependent, mental, satisfy, later, entrance, represent, exit, ignore, overcome, enjoyment 1. Many Americans move away from home at the age of 18 and become . 2. The examination to university should be fair to every student. 3. The only to that village is across the bridge. 4. You should learn to solve problems by yourself. Dont be always on others. 5. This is an emergency for people to escape when caught in a big fire. 6. She has got a illness, so she cant work as usual. 7. We are all confident in the difficulty. 8. Will you the invitation for studying abroad? 9. No matter what I do, my boss will never be with me. 10. Those people who undertake work are called blue-collar workers. 11. At first things went well, but on they ran into trouble. 12. It is a great honor to attend the important meeting my boss. 13. She spent three hours locked in the study, all the sounds. 14. Fishing is one of his chief . 15. In the part of his life, he lived a miserable life. . 热点语法：动词不定式 动词不定式是英语语法的一个重要项目，它在句子中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。 一、作主语 一般来说，动词不定式可以直接放在句首作主语，但有时为了使句子匀称，可以使用it作不定式的形式主语。 eg: To hear of her success made us very happy. It made us very happy to hear of her success. 二、作宾语 不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语：want, desire, wish, hope, expect, choose, intend, afford, ask, manage, offer, promise, refuse, agree, decide, determine, learn, plan, pretend. eg: I dont want to take a walk right now. The two sides agreed to stop argument. 可用“疑问词 + 不定式”结构作宾语的动词有：know, learn, decide, think, consider, observe, wonder, settle, inquire. eg: He has learned how to be patient. 三、作宾语补足语 常见的可以用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：want, wish, expect, ask, tell, teach, get, invite, force, beg, allow, forbid, encourage, advise, persuade. eg: He told me to add all the numbers from 1 to 100. She got young girls to learn nursing. 还有一些动词，可用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语：make, have, let, see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel. eg: Dont make the boy cry. Listen to me read the text. 四、作表语 不定式作表语时，往往说明主语的具内容。eg: Her wish is to go to a medical college. His dream is to be a film star. 在很多情况下，作表语的不定式可以转换为不定式作主语，而意思保持不变。eg: His job is to raise pigs. To raise pigs is his job. 五、作定语 动词不定式作定语时，可表示将来。eg: John said he had an important meeting to attend. 动词不定式可修饰被序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定的中心词。 eg: Mary was the first girl to work out the problem. 动词不定式可用来修饰一些名词，常见的有：way, plan, chance, opportunity, idea, feeling, right, reason, promise, wish, hope, time. eg: Reading, I think, is the best way to learn English. 3 六、作状语 作目的状语：为了强调不定式作目的状语，经常把不定式提到句首或者在之前加上in order to(so as so)。 eg: The villagers came to see the football match. In order to master a foreign language, you must do more speaking and reading. 作结果状语：作结果状语的不定式，句中往往含有only，soso to等词语，only放在不定式前往往表示出乎意料的结果。 eg: The enemy hurried to the river only to find the bridge destroyed. He became so angry as to speak nothing. 作原因状语：eg: They were happy to meet each other. He jumped with joy to hear it. 语法聚焦 1. I think these problems are easy , so you dont have to ask the teacher for help. A. to work out B. to be worked out C. to work them out D. to be worked them out 2. Every minute should be made full use of our lessons. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied 3. We must do whatever we can those who are in trouble. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped 4. the truth, I dont agree with what you said just now. A. Tell B. To tell C. Telling D. Told 5. Emily was a very kind girl and stopped her car a black cat across the street. A. to let; run B. letting; run C. to let; running D. letting; running 6. These rules are made your children. A. protect B. to protect C. protected D. protecting 7. The question next week has something important to do with our daily life. A. to have been discussed B. discussed C. being discussed D. to be discussed 8. There seemed to be nothing else to do but a doctor, for no one here could stop him bleeding. A. be sending for B. sending for C. send for D. to send for 9. He was considered to be the first man the smallest island in that country. A. Having discovered B. to discovered C. to have discovered D. to have been discovering 10. It is careless the same mistake again in your composition. A. for you to make B. for you making C. of you to make D. of you making 11. -Why not someone your letter? -Nobody can find a typewrite around here. A. to get; to type B. get; type C. getting; typing D. get; to type 12. Mary looked very puzzled. She seemed what the speaker really meant. A. not to understand B. not to have understood C. not to be understanding D. not to be understood 13. , and you will surely improve your spoken English. A. Read aloud every day B. Reading aloud every day C. To read aloud every day D. To have read aloud every day 14. , he had to borrow most of them from others. A. Read more books B. Reading more books C. To have read more books D. To read more books . 综合训练 一、单项选择 1. The young man was noticed the office alone last night. A. entering B. enter C. to enter D. entered 2. The little girl was very quick to the new environment. A. adapt to B. addict to C. concentrate on D. depend on 3. Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard , you failed. A. in the end B. by the way C. after all D. in other words 4 4. worrying about the cost, we must also consider which medium is the best for our product. A. Except for B. As well as C. For fear of D. In addition 5. Its wrong to make fun the disabled. A. on B. at C. of D. with 6. I dont apologize for the way I have myself over the years and I have no regret. A. behaved B. conducted C. represented D. expressed 7. Youd better cut the paragraphs that dont relate to the accident. A. out B. away C. down D. up 8. Jane got that her boy friend had not answered her letter. A. cheered B. interrupted C. interfered D. annoyed 9. Before liberation poor people had no to education. A. approach B. entrance C. access D. admission 10. , it was a great success. A. All in all B. Above all C. After all D. In all 11. We were all when we climbed up to the top of the mountain. A. out of breath B. held our breath C. taken a deep breath D. holding our breath 12. His sister was made this work. A. do B. to do C. doing D. done 13. The school authorities gave their to the plan. A. degree B. disagreement C. approval D. entry 14. We hurried to the station, only the train had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 15. -Hello, John. I come to say goodbye to you. Ill start a new job in another company. - . A. Oh, enjoy yourself B. Oh, all the best C. Oh, have a happy day D. Oh, no problem 二、完形填空 I grew up knowi