TOEFL老托福听力PartC原文整合.doc

TOEFL老托福听力PartC原文整合 为了让大家更好的准备托福考试，给大家整理老托福听力PartC原文，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。老托福听力PartC原文1Did you ever wonder why it is that most people are "programmed" to sleep at night instead of during the day?你有没有琢磨过为什么大多数人都是“程序化的”晚上睡觉而不是白天?If theres something about the cycle of light and dark thats telling us when to sleep, then shouldnt the sleep cycle of a blind person be different?如果有某种关于光暗循环的(东东)告诉我们什么时候该睡觉，那么盲人的睡眠周期是否应该不一样呢?As it turns out, many blind peoplepeople with no visual perception of light at alldo have the same sleep cycle as sighted people.事实证明，许多盲人没有任何光的视觉感知的人同视力正常的人有着同样的睡眠周期。So now youre wondering, "How can this happen?"所以你现在得寻思，“怎么能发生呢?”The answer is: hormones, one hormone in particular. Its called melatonin.答案是：荷尔蒙，特别是一种荷尔蒙。它叫做褪黑激素。In sighted people, the level of melatonin goes up at night, or when its dark, and goes down in the day, or when its light.在视力正常的人中，褪黑激素的水平在夜里或黑暗时上升，在白天或光线中下降。Its believed that its the presence of this hormone in the blood that gives us the urge to sleep.人们相信是这种荷尔蒙在血液中的存在给了我们睡觉的迫切要求。If an increase in melatonin level "programs" sighted people to sleep at night, then what about blind people?如果褪黑激素水平的增加“程序化”了视觉正常的人在夜里睡觉，那么对于盲人怎么样呢?A researcher, named Dr. Charles Czeisler, tells about an interesting experiment.一个研究者，名叫Charles Czeisler博士，讲述了一个有趣的实验。He tried shining a bright light into the eyes of some blind people.他尝试把一束强光射入某些盲人的眼中。When he did this, he noticed that the level of the melatonin in the blood of these subjects went down just as it would do for sighted people.当他这么做时，它注意到在这些实验对象的血液中的褪黑激素的水平下降了，正如对视力正常的人如此做一样。Somehow, the eyes of these subjects, even though they were damaged and had no visual perception of light, could tell their brain when there was more or less light.不知何故，这些实验对象的眼睛，即使它们被损坏了，并且没有对光线的视觉感知，也能告诉他们的大脑什么时候有多或者少的光线。Now, this doesnt work for all blind people;哦，这并不适用于所有盲人。in fact, most of Czeislers subjects had no hormonal response to light at all.事实上，大多数Czeisler的实验对象对光线根本没有荷尔蒙的反应。Further research may be able to explain this sensitivity to light in terms of the type of blindness of the subject.进一步的研究也许能依据实验对象的失明的类型来解释这种感光灵敏度。老托福听力PartC原文2Since weve been discussing alternative fuels lately, I wanted to pass on to you some information I read about a new fuel thats been in the news a lot lately.由于近期我们已经讨论过替代燃料，我想传递给你们一些我最近读到的一种上了很多次新闻的新型燃料的信息。Its called A-21. Its composed of water and a chemical known as naphtha.它叫做A21。它由水和一种被认为是石脑油的化学物质组成。It seems to be a very promising fuel because its much cleaner than the gasoline that we use today.它似乎是一种非常有前途的燃料，因为它比我们今天使用的汽油要清洁得多。Thats not to say that it doesnt pollute, but it is cleaner. A-21 isnt like some other alternative fuels that require completely new types of engines.那并不是说它不会污染，但是它更清洁。A-21不像某些其他的替代燃料那样需要完全新式的引擎。A-21 still works in regular, everyday combustion engineslike the ones in carswith only minor mechanical modifications.A-21在常规的，日常内燃机比如汽车里的引擎里依然起作用只要较小的机械改动。So changing over wouldnt be a big deal.所以(燃料)对换不是什么大事。You may doubt some of these claims as many researchers have.你可能怀疑许多研究人员都有这样的说法。Some people feared that because it contains about 45 percent water it would freeze in the winter.有些人担心由于它包含了大约百分之四十五的水，它可能在冬天冻住。But a small amount of antifreeze was added to it, and that seems to have solved the problem.但是少量的防冻剂被添加进去，而这似乎就解决了问题。A-21 has recently undergone street tests in buses in Reno, Nevada.A-21最近在Nevada的Reno经历了街头测试。So far it seems to work just fine.目前它看来工作良好。This is a good thing, especially in Nevada, because the state government there has passed a law requiring that a large percentage of vehicles in Nevada run on alternative fuels. A-21 should help.这是件好事儿，尤其在Nevada，因为那里的州政府通过了一项法律，要求在Nevada的很大比例的车辆靠替代燃料运转。A-21会有帮助。老托福听力PartC原文3Today were going to continue our discussion of modern art and talk about Charles Csuri.今天我们将继续进行我们现代艺术的讨论，并且谈谈Charles Csuri。Charles Csuri has been a part of many modern art movements.Charles Csuri一直是许多当代艺术运动的一部分。Hes worked in Pop Art, Cubism, and Conceptual Art, but he made his mark as a pioneer in computer art.他从事过流行艺术，立体主义，和概念艺术， 但是他作为一名先驱者在电脑艺术上留下了他自己的痕迹。Even long before computers became popular, he was punching cards and feeding them into the big mainframe computer at Ohio State University.甚至在电脑普及前很久，他在Ohio州立大学打卡并把它们插入大型主机计算机。In the beginning, he had to work without a monitor, so he was virtually creating art in the dark.在开始，他不得不在没有显示屏(的条件下)工作，所以他几乎是在黑暗中创作艺术。He even learned computer programming so he could experiment with this new tool.他甚至学会了计算机编程，因此他能够试用这个新工具。Through the computer, Csuri has been able to explore a new world of possibilities.通过计算机，Csuri能够去探索一个(充满无限)可能性的新世界。For example, the computer enables him to sculpt in three dimensions.举例来说，计算机使他能够在三维(空间)雕刻。Also, he can look at a sculpture from any angle, and move it around, change the location of the light source, or he can copy it in different colors.另外，他能从任意角度观察雕塑，并且四处移动它，改变光源的位置，或者他能够用不同的颜色复制它。Over the years, Csuri received numerous grants for various projects.多年以来，Csuri在各种各样的项目上收到了无数的补助金。This money allowed him to train students in computer graphics and animation techniques, and to advance the computer as a medium for artists.这些钱使他能够在电脑绘图和动画技巧方面训练学生，并且促进计算机成为艺术家的媒介。Even though he uses modern technology, Csuri still insists he is creating art.虽然他使用现代科技，Csuri仍然坚持他是在创造艺术。Hes always told his students to keep the issues of art in focus, and not get so caught up in the technology that you forget about the image.他总是告诉他的学生，要保持在艺术的问题上聚焦，不要如此的卷入科技以至于忘记了图像。老托福听力PartC原文4Now were entering Kangaroo Country.现在我们正在进入袋鼠的国度。In all, there are more than fifty different species of kangaroo, and the advantage of zoos like ours is that you see them in their natural habitat.总共有超过五十种不同的袋鼠，像我们这样的动物园的优势是,你在他们的自然栖息地看到它们。The ones we have all live in the grasslands.我们拥有的这些(袋鼠)都生活在这草原上。On my right, you can see one of the biggest types: the red kangaroo.在我的右边，你能见到最大的一个品种：红袋鼠。It travels about 20 miles per hour.它一个小时大约行进20英里。It looks like hard work, but hopping actually lets the kangaroo conserve more energy than another animal could when running on four legs.看起来似乎很辛苦，但是跳跃实际上让袋鼠你能比其他四条腿奔跑的动物保存更多的能量。In fact, up to a certain point, the faster a kangaroo goes the more energy it conserves.事实上，在某种程度上，袋鼠行进的越快节省的能量越多。Rather than taking more hops to increase speed, the kangaroo makes the length of each jump longer.与其说用更多的跳跃来增加速度，不如说袋鼠使每次的跳跃长度更长。Lets stop here for a minute. Take a look over on your right at this group of kangaroos resting.让我们停在这里一小会儿。看看在你的右边正在休息的这群袋鼠。Can you see that their ears are moving? Hearing may well be the kangaroos most important sense.你能看见他们的耳朵在动吗?听力很可能袋鼠的最重要的感觉。Their two large ears can move independently, so sometimes one ear is pointing forward and the other toward the rear.它们的两只大耳朵能独立地动，所以有时一只耳朵向前一只耳朵向后。Kangaroos eyesight is also excellent. They have a wide field of vision and, like most grazing animals, they are especially good at detecting movement.袋鼠的视力也很棒。它们有一个宽广的视野，而且，像大多数食草动物一样，它们尤其擅长侦测动作。Before we move on, Id like to point out one more thing: If you look closely, you can see a joey thats a baby kangaroo peering out of its mothers pouch.在我们继续之前，我想再指出一件事：如果你仔细观察，你能见到一只幼仔，那是一只小袋鼠正从妈妈的育儿袋里隐约露出来。Before long that joey will be out of the pouch for good. The mother will push it out by the time its eight months old.不久以后那只幼仔将永久地从育儿袋里出来。妈妈将在它八个月大时强迫它出来。老托福听力PartC原文5Before we adjourn, Id like to remind everybody about the upcoming fundraising eventthe ten kilometer run.在我们休会之前，我想提醒大家关于即将到来的筹款活动十公里跑。The run is being organized to help raise money for the renovation of the old gym.组织这次跑步是为了帮助旧的体育馆翻修筹款。Our gym is in desperate need of repair, and the university must rely entirely on private donations to pay for its renovation.我们的体育馆迫切需要维修，而大学必须完全地依靠私人捐款来支付它的翻修。This event will be the students contribution to the effort. The procedure for participating is quite simple.本次活动将会是学生对慈善运动的贡献，参与的程序非常简单。No entrance fees, no advance registration, and you dont have to be the best athlete on campus.没有入场费，没有预约登记，而且你不必是校园里最好的运动员。You only need to find sponsors willing to contribute one or more dollars for every kilometer of the race that you complete.你只需要去寻找愿意为你完成的赛跑的每一公里贡献一美金或者更多钱的赞助者。So, for example, if you run all ten kilometers, youll collect ten dollars from someone who has pledged to give you one dollar per kilometer.所以，举例来说，如果你跑了全部的十公里，你将从承诺每公里给你一美金的人那里募集十美金。After the run, a race official will record the number of kilometers youve completed.跑完步，比赛工作人员将记录你已经完成的公里数。You can then show the record to your sponsors when you collect the money.那时你就能在募集钱的时候给你的赞助者出示该记录。You might encourage your friends to run in the race by telling them that there will be awards for everyone who gets five sponsors or more.你可以鼓励你的朋友们参加跑步比赛，通过告诉他们所有得到五个或者更多的赞助者的人将会得到奖励。But above all, itll just be a lot of fun.但首先，这将会很好玩。So, please spread the word and get everyone involved either as runners or sponsors.所以，请散播一下消息，并且每个人都参与进来，不论是作为跑步者或者是赞助者。