rarely, seldom, hardly,scarcely.docx

rarely, seldom, hardly,scarcelyRarely, seldom, hardly和scarcely，在朗文词典上辨析 Rarelyand seldom both mean 'not often'. Seldom is more formal or literary. Rarely和seldom意思都是“很少”，seldom更正式、更书面。 l People rarely ask questions.人们很少问问题。 l She was seldom seen in public.很少在公众场合看见她。 Hardlyand scarcely both mean 'almost not' or 'only just'. For example, if you hardly had time to do something, you almost did not have time. Scarcely is more formal or literary. Hardly和scarcely意思都是“几乎不”或者“刚刚”。例如：you hardly had time to do something意味着你几乎没时间做某事。相比之下scarcely更正式、更书面。 l I hardly had time to ask her name.我几乎没时间去问她叫什么名字。 l We scarcely have time for breakfast.我们几乎没有吃早饭的时间。 l We had scarcely arrived when he asked us to leave.我们才刚刚到他就叫我们走了。 l He had scarcely escaped when he was recaptured.他刚逃掉就被逮住了。 与动词can连用 l Her case is so heavy that she can hardly lift it她的箱子太重了，她简直提不起来。 l You can scarcely expect me to believe that.别以为我相信那件事。 l I could scarcely recognize him.我简直认不出他来了。 l This can scarcely be true.事实决不会是这样的。 也可以和其他动词连用 l Scarcely do I know him.我同他不那么熟。 l I hardly know him我不太认识他。 l I scarcely think so.我可不这么想。 注意不要把副词hard与hardly搞混： l He looked hard at it他使劲地盯着它看。 l He hardly looked at it他几乎没看它。 Hardly and scarcely can also be used with 'ever' to mean 'not often, almost never', with 'any' to mean 'very few, almost none'.Hardly和scarcely也可以与ever连用，表示“很少，几乎从不”；与any连用，表示“很少，几乎没有”，但scarcely主要意为“不到”、“不足”： l he hardly ever goes fishing l I hardly /scarcely ever go out我很少外出。 l It hardly rained at all last summer去年夏天没怎么下雨。 l they scarcely ever used the emergency generator l He has hadly any money他几乎没有钱。 l I've got hardly any money left.我几乎没剩一点钱。 l Hardly anyone agreed with her.几乎没人同意她。 l We've scarcely any money left.我们几乎一点钱不剩。 l There were scarcely twenty people there那儿连20个人都没有。 l There is scarcely a man but has his weak side.无缺点的人几乎没有。 l He was scarcely sixteen when he joined the army.他参军时刚刚十六岁。 l he was hardly more than sixteen years old l He is scarcely so tall as you.他没有你这样高。 In speech, it is usual to say that you hardly ever do something, rather than that you rarely do it. 在演讲时，通常都说hardly ever do something，而不说rarely do something。 l I hardly ever go to the cinema.我几乎从不去电影院。 hardly, scarcely, barely这些副词均含“几乎不”之意。 hardly指接近最低限度，差不多没有多余，强调困难和程度。 scarcely指不太充分，不太够，不足，不能令人满意，强调数量。 barely指仅仅够，一点不多，强调没有多余。 意为“不超过”、“仅仅”： l There were barely twenty people there那儿不超过20个人。 l I can barely see it我勉强看得见它。 l they could barely hear the speaker