hit sb…表达法及介词用法doc.docx

hit sb表达法及介词用法doc“hit sb.”表达法及介词用法 崔长平 河南遂平一高 汉语常把接触到的人体某一部位作为动词的宾语，英语则习惯把接受动作的人作为宾语，而介词短语用来说明接触到的人体的某一部位。因此，表示“打某人的脸”，英语一般不说hit his face，而说成hit him in the face。 下面是这一表达法常用到的基本结构： 拍宾语介词the身体部位名词 下面依照本结构所涉及的动词和介词的不同加以分述。 结构A： 本结构所涉及的介词是in或on；动词概括起来说是“拍，打，击，扇”。 拍 in 如：the face，the eye， 打 宾语介词 the rib，the stomach 击 on如：the face，the head， 扇 the nose，the shoulder，the back，the forehead eg. The ball struck me in the eye. Bob hit him on the nose. He patted me on the shoulder. She slapped him on/in the face. 注意，这一结构有时需要根据具体情况选用in或on。 A bullet hit him on the head. He got off his horse and ran away. A bullet hit him in the head and he fell to the ground, dead. He hit Tom in the stomach. He patted Tom on the stomach. 结构B： 本结构所涉及的介词是by，动词概括起来说是“抓，握，拉，牵”。 抓，握 宾语bythe hand/the arm/the leg 拉，牵 eg. The boy pulled him by the arm. The old granny took the boy by the hand. 但是，随着英语的不断发展和演变，加之英语本身就是一种富有表现力的语言，关于这一点，还有不少其他表现手法。再如： He patted my shoulder. I caught his arm. When one ant wants food from another, it taps on the others head with its feelers 1