Fortran95程序设计课后习题答案.docx

Fortran95程序设计课后习题答案第四章 1.program main implicit none write(*,*) "Have a good time." write(*,*) "That's not bad." write(*,*) '"Mary" isn''t my name.' end program 2.program main real, parameter : PI=3 implicit none.14159 real radius write(*,*) "请输入半径长" read(*,*) radius write(*,"(' 面积='f8. 3)") radius*radius*PI end program 3.program main implicit none real grades write(*,*) "请输入成绩" read(*,*) grades write(*,"(' 调整后成绩为 'f8.3)") SQRT(grades)*10.0 end program 4.integer a,b real ra,rb a=2 b=3 ra=2.0 rb=3.0 write(*,*) b/a ! 输出1, 因为使用整数计算, 小数部分会无条件舍去 write(*,*) rb/ra ! 输出1.5 5.program main implicit none type distance real meter, inch, cm end type type(distance) : d write(*,*) "请输入长度:" read(*,*) d%meter d%cm = d%meter*100 d%inch = d%cm/2.54 write(*,"(f8.3'米 ='f8.3'厘米 ='f8.3'英寸')") d%meter, d%cm, d%inch end program 第五章 1.program main implicit none integer money real tax write(*,*) "请输入月收入" read(*,*) money if ( money<1000 ) then tax = 0.03 else if ( money<5000) then tax = 0.1 else tax = 0.15 end if write(*,"(' 税金为 'I8)") nint(money*tax) end program 2.program main implicit none integer day character(len=20) : tv write(*,*) "请输入星期几" read(*,*) day select case(day) case(1,4) tv = "新闻" case(2,5) tv = "电视剧" case(3,6) tv = "卡通" case(7) tv = "电影" case default write(*,*) "错误的输入" stop end select write(*,*) tv end program 3.program main implicit none integer age, money real tax write(*,*) "请输入年龄" read(*,*) age write(*,*) "请输入月收入" read(*,*) money if ( age<50 ) then if ( money<1000 ) then tax = 0.03 else if ( money<5000 )then tax = 0.10 else tax = 0.15 end if else if ( money<1000 ) then tax = 0.5 else if ( money<5000 )then tax = 0.7 else tax = 0.10 end if end if write(*,"(' 税金为 'I8)") nint(money*tax) end program 4.program main implicit none integer year, days logical mod_4, mod_100, mod_400 write(*,*) "请输入年份" read(*,*) year mod_4 = ( MOD(year,4) = 0 ) mod_100 = ( MOD(year,100) = 0 ) mod_400 = ( MOD(year,400) = 0 ) if ( (mod_4 .NEQV. mod_100) .or. mod_400 ) then days = 366 else days = 365 end if write(*,"('这一年有'I3'天')") days stop end program 第六章 1.program main implicit none integer i do i=1,5 write(*,*) "Fortran" end do stop end program 2.program main implicit none integer i,sum sum = 0 do i=1,99,2 sum = sum+i end do write(*,*) sum stop end program 3.program main implicit none integer, parameter : answer = 45 integer, parameter : max = 5 integer weight, i do i=1,max write(*,*) "请输入体重" read(*,*) weight if ( weight=answer ) exit end do if ( i<=max ) then write(*,*) "猜对了" else write(*,*) "猜错了" end if stop end program 4.program main implicit none integer, parameter : max=10 integer i real item real ans ans = 1.0 item = 1.0 do i=2,max item = item/real(i) ans = ans+item end do write(*,*) ans stop end program 5.program main implicit none integer, parameter : length = 79 character(len=length) : input, output integer i,j write(*,*) "请输入一个字串" read(*,"(A79)") input j=1 do i=1, len_trim(input) if ( input(i:i) /= ' ' ) then output(j:j)=input(i:i) j=j+1 end if end do write(*,"(A79)") output stop end program 第七章 1.program main implicit none integer, parameter : max = 10 integer i integer : a(max) = (/ (2*i, i=1,10) /) integer : t ! sum是fortran库函数 write(*,*) real(sum(a)/real(max) stop end program 2.integer a(5,5) ! 5*5=25 integer b(2,3,4) ! 2*3*4=24 integer c(3,4,5,6) ! 3*4*5*6=360 integer d(-5:5) ! 11 integer e(-3:3, -3:3) ! 7*7=49 3.program main implicit none integer, parameter : max=10 integer f(max) integer i f(1)=0 f(2)=1 do i=3,max f(i)=f(i-1)+f(i-2) end do write(*,"(10I4)") f stop end program 4.program main implicit none integer, parameter : size=10 integer : a(size) = (/ 5,3,6,4,8,7,1,9,2,10 /) integer : i,j integer : t do i=1, size-1 do j=i+1, size if ( a(i) < a(j) ) then ! a(i)跟a(j)交换 t=a(i) a(i)=a(j) a(j)=t end if end do end do write(*,"(10I4)") a stop end 5.a(2,2) ! 1+(2-1)+(2-1)*(5) = 7 a(3,3) ! 1+(3-1)+(3-1)*(5) = 13 第八章 1.program main implicit none real radius, area write(*,*) "请输入半径长" read(*,*) radius call CircleArea(radius, area) write(*,"(' 面积 = 'F8.3)") area stop end program subroutine CircleArea(radius, area) implicit none real, parameter : PI=3.14159 real radius, area area = radius*radius*PI return end subroutine 2.program main implicit none real radius real, external : CircleArea write(*,*) "请输入半径长" read(*,*) radius write(*,"(' 面积 = 'F8.3)") CircleArea(radius) stop end program real function CircleArea(radius) implicit none real, parameter : PI=3.14159 real radius CircleArea = radius*radius*PI return end function 3.program main implicit none call bar(3) call bar(10) stop end program subroutine bar(length) implicit none integer, intent(in) : length integer i character(len=79) : string string=" " do i=1,length string(i:i)='*' end do write(*,"(A79)") string return end subroutine 4.program main implicit none integer, external : add write(*,*) add(100) end program recursive integer function add(n) result(sum) implicit none integer, intent(in) : n if ( n<0 ) then sum=0 return else if ( n<=1 ) then sum=n return end if sum = n + add(n-1) return end function 5.program main implicit none integer, external : gcd write(*,*) gcd(18,12) end program integer function gcd(A,B) implicit none integer A,B,BIG,SMALL,TEMP BIG=max(A,B) SMALL=min(A,B) do while( SMALL /= 1 ) TEMP=mod(BIG,SMALL) if ( TEMP=0 ) exit BIG=SMALL SMALL=TEMP end do gcd=SMALL return end function 6.program main use TextGraphLib implicit none integer, parameter : maxx=60, maxy=20 real, parameter : StartX=0.0, EndX=3.14159*2.0 real, parameter : xinc = (EndX-StartX)/(maxx-1) real x integer i,px,py call SetScreen(60,20) call SetCurrentChar('*') x=StartX do px=1,maxx py = (maxy/2)*sin(x)+maxy/2+1 call PutChar(px,py) x=x+xinc end docall UpdateScreen stop end program 第九章 1.program main implicit none character(len=79) : filename character(len=79) : buffer integer, parameter : fileid = 10 integer count integer : status = 0 logical alive write(*,*) "Filename:" read (*,"(A79)") filename inquire( file=filename, exist=alive) if ( alive ) then open(unit=fileid, file=filename, & access="sequential", status="old") count = 0 do while(.true.) read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)", iostat=status ) buffer if ( status/=0 ) exit ! 没有资料就跳出循环 write(*,"(A79)") buffer count = count+1 if ( count=24 ) then pause count = 0 end if end do else write(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist." end if stop end 2.program main implicit none character(len=79) : filename character(len=79) : buffer integer, parameter : fileid = 10 integer i integer : status = 0 logical alive write(*,*) "Filename:" read (*,"(A79)") filename inquire( file=filename, exist=alive) if ( alive ) then open(unit=fileid, file=filename, & access="sequential", status="old") do while(.true.) read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)", iostat=status ) buffer if ( status/=0 ) exit ! 没有资料就跳出循环 do i=1, len_trim(buffer) buffer(i:i) = char( ichar(buffer(i:i)-3 ) end do write(*,"(A70)") buffer end do else write(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist." end if stop end 3.program main implicit none type student integer chinese, english, math, science, social, total end type type(student) : s, total integer, parameter : students=20, subjects=5 integer i open(10,file="grades.bin",access="direct",recl=1) write(*,"(7A10)") "座号","中文","英文","数学","自然","社会","总分" total = student(0,0,0,0,0,0) do i=1, students read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+1) s%chinese read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+2) s%english read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+3) s%math read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+4) s%science read(10,rec=(i-1)*subjects+5) s%social s%total = s%chinese+s%english+s%math+s%science+s%social total%chinese = total%chinese+s%chinese total%english = total%english+s%english total%math = total%math+s%math total%science = total%science+s%science total%social = total%social+s%social total%total = total%total+s%total write(*,"(7I10)") i, s end do write(*,"(A10,6F10.3)") "平均", & real(total%chinese)/real(students),& real(total%english)/real(students),& real(total%math)/real(students),& real(total%science)/real(students),& real(total%social)/real(students),& real(total%total)/real(students) stop end 4.program main implicit none character(len=79) : filename character(len=79) : buffer integer, parameter : fileid = 10 integer i integer : status = 0 logical alive write(*,*) "Filename:" read (*,"(A79)") filename inquire( file=filename, exist=alive) if ( alive ) then open(unit=fileid, file=filename, & access="sequential", status="old") do while(.true.) read(unit=fileid, fmt="(A79)", iostat=status ) buffer if ( status/=0 ) exit ! 没有数据就跳出循环 do i=1, len_trim(buffer) buffer(i:i) = char( ichar(buffer(i:i)-(mod(i-1,3)+1) ) end do write(*,"(A70)") buffer end do else write(*,*) TRIM(filename)," doesn't exist." end if stop end 5.module typedef type student integer : num integer : Chinese, English, Math, Natural, Social integer : total integer : rank end type end module program main use typedef implicit none integer, parameter : fileid=10 integer, parameter : students=20 character(len=80) : tempstr type(student) : s(students) ! 储存学生成绩 type(student) : total ! 计算平均分数用 integer i, num, error open(fileid, file="grades.txt",status="old", iostat=error) if ( error/=0 ) then write(*,*) "Open grades.txt fail." stop end if read(fileid, "(A80)") tempstr ! 读入第一行文字 total=student(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0) ! 用循环读入每位学生的成绩 do i=1,students read(fileid,*) s(i)%num, s(i)%Chinese, s(i)%English, & s(i)%Math, s(i)%Natural, s(i)%Social ! 计算总分 s(i)%Total = s(i)%Chinese + s(i)%English + & s(i)%Math + s(i)%Natural + s(i)%Social ! 累加上各科的分数, 计算各科平均时使用 total%Chinese = total%Chinese + s(i)%Chinese total%English = total%English + s(i)%English total%Math = total%Math + s(i)%Math total%Natural = total%Natural + s(i)%Natural total%Social = total%Social + s(i)%Social total%Total = total%Total + s(i)%Total end do call sort(s,students) ! 重新输出每位学生成绩 write(*,"(8A7)") "座号","中文","英文","数学","自然","社会","总分","名次" do i=1,students write(*,"(8I7)") s(i) end do ! 计算并输出平圴分数 write(*,"(A7,6F7.1)") "平均", & real(total%Chinese)/real(students),& real(total%English)/real(students),& real(total%Math) /real(students),& real(total%Natural)/real(students),& real(total%Social) /real(students),& real(total%Total) /real(students) stop end program subroutine sort(s,n) use typedef implicit none integer n type(student) : s(n), t integer i,j do i=1,n-1 do j=i+1,n if ( s(i)%total < s(j)%total ) then t = s(i) s(i)=s(j) s(j) = t end if end do end do forall(i=1:n) s(i)%rank = i end forall end subroutine 第十章 1.integer(kind=4) : a ! 4 bytes real(kind=4) : b ! 4 bytes real(kind=8) : c ! 8 bytes character(len=10) : str ! 10 bytes integer(kind=4), pointer : pa ! 4 bytes real(kind=4), pointer : pb ! 4 bytes real(kind=8), pointer : pc ! 4 bytes character(len=10), pointer : pstr ! 4 bytes type student integer Chinese, English, Math end type type(student) : s ! 12 bytes type(student), pointer : ps ! 4 bytes 2.integer, target : a = 1 integer, target : b = 2 integer, target : c = 3 integer, pointer : p p=>a write(*,*) p ! 1 p=>b write(*,*) p ! 2 p=>c p=5 write(*,*) c ! 5 3.module linklist type student integer : num integer : Chinese, English, Math, Science, Social end type type datalink type(student) : item type(datalink), pointer : next end type contains function SearchList(num, head) implicit none integer : num type(datalink), pointer : head, p type(datalink), pointer : SearchList p=>head nullify(SearchList) do while( associated(p) ) if ( p%item%num=num ) then SearchList => p return end if p=>p%next end do return end function end module linklist program ex1016 use linklist implicit none character(len=20) : filename character(len=80) : tempstr type(datalink), pointer : head type(datalink), pointer : p type(student), allocatable : s(:) integer i,error,size write(*,*) "filename:" read(*,*) filename open(10, file=filename, status="old", iostat=error) if ( error/=0 ) then write(*,*) "Open file fail!" stop end if allocate(head) nullify(head%next) p=>head size=0 read(10, "(A80)") tempstr ! 读入第一行字符串, 不需要处理它 ! 读入每一位学生的成绩 do while(.true.) read(10,fmt=*, iostat=error) p%item if ( error/=0 ) exit size=size+1 allocate(p%next, stat=error) ! 新增下一个数据 if ( error/=0 ) then write(*,*) "Out of memory!" stop end if p=>p%next ! 移动到链表的下一个数据 nullify(p%next) end do write(*,"('总共有',I3,'位学生')") size allocate( s(size) ) p=>head do i=1,size s(i)=p%item p=>p%next end do do while(.true.) write(*,*) "要查询几号同学的成绩?" read (*,*) i if ( i<1 .or. i>size ) exit ! 输入不合理的座号 write(*,"(5(A6,I3)") "中文",s(i)%Chinese,& "英文",s(i)%English,& "数学",s(i)%Math,& "自然",s(i)%Science,& "社会",s(i)%Social end do write(*,"('座号',I3,'不存在, 程序结束.')") i stop end program 4.module typedef implicit none type : datalink integer : i type(datalink), pointer : next end type datalink end module typedef program ex1012 use typedef implicit none type(datalink) , pointer : p, head, next integer : i,n,err write(*,*) 'Input N:' read(*,*) n allocate( head ) head%i=1 nullify(head%next) p=>head do i=2,n allocate( p%next, stat=err ) if ( err /= 0 ) then write(*,*) 'Out of memory!' stop end if p=>p%next p%i=i end do nullify(p%next) p=>head do while(associated(p) write(*, "(i5)" ) p%i p=>p%next end do ! 释放链表的存储空间 p=>head do while(associated(p) next => p%next deallocate(p) p=>next end do s