高级英语第二册 lesson2 重点词汇.docx

高级英语第二册 lesson2 重点词汇 1. mourner: n. person who attends a funeral as a relative or friend of the dead 送葬者；哀悼者 mourn: v. grieve for 哀悼 e.g.: The whole nation had mourned (for) the death of their great leader. 举国上下哀悼他们的伟大领袖。 Silent mourning Mourn for the deceased 2. thread: v. pass through like a thread 穿过 thread ones way through: find, pick, ones way through (a crowd, streets, etc) 挤过；穿过 e.g.: I thread my way through the crowded streets. On holidays, if you go shopping, you have to thread your way through the crowd, which is very annoying sometimes. 如果节假日里去购物，不得不在人群中挤，这有时很烦人。 3. wail: v. cry in a loud, usually shrill voice 悲伤地哭泣或哀嚎 e.g.:1) She was wailing for her lost child.她为失去的孩子哭泣。 2) wails (over) ones misfortunes 为自己的不幸而哀泣 3)The wind wailed through the trees. 风穿过树林发出似嚎叫的声音。 4. chant: n. a song in which words are repeated in a monotonous tone of voice 单调的歌 e.g.: The mourners wailed a short chant over and over again. 送葬者的口里一遍一遍地哀号着一支短促的悲歌。 5. bier: n. a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed 棺材架，尸体架 e.g.: The corpse was carried on the wooden bier on the shoulders of four friends. 尸体放在一副木制担架上，由死者的四位朋友抬去送葬。 6. hack: v. cut with strong, rough strokes using a sharp tool; break up land with a hoe, etc. 乱砍，乱劈；翻地，挖土 e.g.: 1)hack a way through the jungle 在丛林中劈出一条路 2)hack the soil 开垦翻地； 3)hack in wheat 翻土播下小麦 7. dump: v. throw or unload sth. quickly and carelessly 倾倒；抛扔 e.g.: A million tons of untreated waste is dumped into the sea. 百万吨未经处理过的废物被倒进海里。 He got my haversack from the cab and dumped it at my feet. 他从出租车中拿出我的帆布背包，扔到我的面前。 8. fling: v. throw sth. with a lot of force 用力扔，抛，掷 e.g.: fling a grenade at the enemy 向敌人掷手榴弹 The storm flung the ship onto the rocks. 暴风雨把船抛在岩石上。 The little girl flung herself into her mothers arms. 小女孩一头栽进母亲的怀里。 9. lumpy: adj. Something that is lumpy contains lumps or is covered with lumps. 多块的；凹凸不平的 e.g.: When the rice isnt cooked properly it goes lumpy. 米饭煮不好，就会结块。 Many women, especially as they get older, develop lumpy veins in their leg. 许多妇女，尤其是当她们上了年纪后，会出现静脉曲张。 a lumpy surface 凹凸不平的表面 10. derelict: adj. abandoned; deserted by the owner 被遗弃的，无主的 e.g.: Her body was found in a derelict warehouse less than a mile from her home. 她的尸体是在离她家不到一英里远的废旧仓库里找到的。 Seeing the derelict house which used to be his home, he is very sentimental. 看着曾是家的房子被遗弃，他觉得很伤感。 11. literally: adv. word for word, strictly; without exaggeration 照字义，逐字地；确确实实地，毫不夸张地 e.g.: translate literally 直译；逐字翻译 He literally flew into the room. 他简直是飞也似地跑进了房间。 The children were literally starving. 孩子们确确实实在挨饿。 12. bumpy: adj. full of bumps, rough 崎岖不平的，颠簸的 e.g.: a bumpy country road 颠簸不平的乡村小路 13. nibble: v. eat (food) with quick bites, taking only a small amount at a time 小口咬，轻咬 e.g.: 1)The fish was nibbling at the bait. 鱼在咬食鱼饵。 2)The gazelle nibbled rapidly at the bread, then lowered its head and tried to butt me. 这只瞪羚迅速地轻咬了口面包，然后低下头，试图用脑袋顶我。 14. navvy: n. an unskilled laborer employed in making roads, canals where digging is necessary 小工，无特殊技术的劳工 15. sidle: v. walk sideways, esp. in a shy, nervous way e.g.:1) The little girl sidled up to me. 那小女孩羞怯地走向我 2) He was sidling into the bar, obviously trying to be inconspicuous. 他侧身走进酒吧，很明显不想引人注目。 3) He sidled through the narrow doorway .他侧身穿过狭窄的门道。 16. stow: v. put or hide away in a safe place e.g.: 1)The old couple tend to stow things away in the attic. 2)stow the winter clothes away into a trunk 3)She carefully folded up the paper and stowed it away in a book. 17. ghetto: n. (in former times) Jewish quarters, old, crowded and unsanitary (从前的)犹太人居住区 18. infest: v. spread in large numbers and cause damage 成批出现 e.g.:1) The prison is infested with rats. 监狱里到处都是老鼠。 2) There are the rat-infested slums where the plague flourished 老鼠横行的贫民窟疫情泛滥 19. prehistoric: adj. very old-fashioned pertaining to ancient times, 史前的；陈腐不堪的 e.g.: His ideas on morals are really prehistoric. 他的道德观念真是太陈腐了。 20. lathe: n. a machine for shaping wood, metal, etc. by holding and turning it rapidly against the edge of a cutting tool 车床 21. chisel: n. a sharp, edged tool for cutting or shaping wood or metal 凿子 22. warp: v. (cause to ) become bent or twisted 弯曲，变形 e.g.:1) The hot sun warped the boards. 强烈的阳光把木板晒得变形了。 2) The wooden frame warped in the humidity. 木架结构因受潮而弯曲。 23. frenzied: adj. wildly excited; full of uncontrolled excitement and anxiety 狂乱的；疯狂的 e.g.:1) He was stabbed to death in a frenzied fight. 他在一次狂乱的打斗中被刺死了。 2) There was a frenzied rush for the exits. 人们向出口处狂乱拥挤。 24. clamor: v. cry out; demand or complain noisily 吵闹，喧嚷 e.g.: The crowds are clamoring for/against tax reforms. 人们吵闹着要求/反对税收改革。 Hitler clamored to start a war. 希特勒叫嚣着要发动战争。 25. grope: v. feel or search about blindly 摸索，探索 e.g.:1) He groped for the handle in the dark. 他在黑暗中摸索着把手。 2) We groped our way along the dark corridor. 我们在黑暗的走廊上摸索着走。 26. conspicuous: adj. attracting attention by being usual or outstanding; striking 惹人注目的，显眼的 因为她衣着鲜艳，发型古怪，所以总是惹人注目。 2) Traffic signs should be conspicuous, which might reduce accidents. 交通指示应该醒目，这样可以降低交通事故。 27. Wring-wrung-wrung: twist and squeeze tightly; get by force, threats etc. 拧，挤；榨取，勒索，强求 e.g.: 1)wring wet clothes ； 2) wring the water out of the swimming suit 3)wring high profits 榨取高额利润； 4) wring money from/out of sb. 勒索某人的钱财 28. erode: v. erosion: n. erosive: adj. Eroded: adj. 1) eroded soil: 侵蚀的土壤 2) soil erosion: 水土流失 29. desolate: adj. barren E.g.: desolate land desolate: v. make desolate 30. frail: adj. frailty : n. easily damaged or broken not strongly made or built 不牢固的，不结实的 e.g.: It seemed impossible that these frail boats could survive in such a storm. 这些不牢固的船似乎不大可能在这样的暴风雨中幸存。 31. conserve water: 32. mummify v. 33. shrink/shrank/shrunk 34. hobble: walk lamely or unsteadily 蹒跚 e.g.: The old man hobbled along with the help of his grandson/the aid of his stick. 老人在孙子的搀扶下/手杖的帮助下蹒跚而行。 35. infuriate: v. cause to become very angry; enrage 激怒，使发怒 e.g.: 1)It infuriates me to think of all the money weve wasted. 一想到我们挥霍的钱，我就火冒三丈。 2) The longtime delay of the flight infuriated all the passengers waiting at the airport. 航班的长时间耽搁激怒了等在机场的乘客。 Be infuriated by: be filled with fury 36. whereupon: conj. upon which; then as a consequence of which e.g.: The instructor entered the room, whereupon we got to our feet. 教员走进了房间，随之我们全站了起来。 39. plight: n. a sad or difficult situation e.g.: 1)He is in a hopeless plight. 2) His affairs are in a terrible plight. 他的事务陷入了可怕的境况。 3) What a plight you are in! 你的处境多么糟糕啊！ 40. whereabouts: adv. in or near what place 在何处 n. place where sb. or sth. Is 所处的位置，下落 e.g.: 1）Whereabouts did you find it? 2）Her present whereabouts is unknown. 41. 38. squash: v. press; squeeze, force ones way 挤进，挤入 e.g.: Dont all try to squash into the lift together. 不要一起挤进电梯。 42. slump: v. drop or fall heavily 颓然倒下 e.g.: 1）Tired from his walk, he slumped into a chair/onto the sofa. 他走累了，一屁股坐在一张椅子上/颓然倒在沙发上。 2）The bullet entered his chest and he slumped down to the floor. 子弹射进了他的胸脯，他颓然倒在地板上。 43. glisten: shine glitter twinkle flash glisten: shine brightly of wet, e.g. Her dark hair glistened in the moonlight. 她乌黑的头发在月光下显得很有光泽。 2）With eyes glistening with tears, the boy went to school by himself. 眼里含着闪闪的泪光，这个男孩独自去上学。 shine: general word glitter: (of gold/diamond/stars) shine twinkle: (of star) flash: flashlight glare: (of the sunshine/lights) shine unpleasantly Shimmer: shine on water Sparkle: (of fire) shine brightly glow: (of fire) shine dimly 44. sullen 45. scrub: v. clean or wash by rubbing or brushing hard 擦洗 Scrub the floors/the walls clean. 46. reverence: n. deep respect, feeling of wonder and awe 尊敬，敬畏之情 e.g.: We tend to show our reverence for known scholars. 我们倾向于对著名的学者表现出敬畏 。 47. pomegranate/pmgrænt/石榴kiwi fruit 48. mound: a large pile of sth. a mound of papers 49. prickly pear仙人球 50. hindquarters: hips and two back legs of animals that have four legs hind legs 52. butt 烟蒂，屁股 V.to hit or push against sth. or sb.with head E.g. Lawrence kept on butting me but the referee did not warn him. 53. municipalitymjunisipæliti 自治区，市 54. cluster可数名词(人或物的)组，群，簇 E.g. a cluster of flowers/tourists V. cluster (人)聚集 If people cluster together, they gather together in a small group. E.g The passengers clustered together in small groups. 乘客们三五成群聚在一起。 55. urine:jurin 尿 56.skull-cap无边帽 57 .booth集市上的货摊：stall 58. self-contained自给自足的 59. grove: 小树林，果园 60. legionnaire li:dine 海外军团成员 61. bandits： robber, highwayman强盗，土匪 62. back-breaking: very laborious费力的，累人的 a back-breaking work 63. fodder 饲料 64. stalk:茎，秆 65. wretched: miserable extremely bad or of very poor quality 66. yoke: n. 束缚、奴役、枷锁 E.g.People are still suffering under the yoke of slavery. 67. harrow耙子 furrow犁沟 68.packsaddle: saddle for pack animals to which loads can be attached 69.bridle:马笼头 70. halter:缰绳 71. gall: V. become or make sore by or as if by rubbing擦伤，擦痛 honey. N. 胆汁 E.g. gall stone E.g.A honey tongue,a heart of gall. E.g.If you have tasted the bitterness of gall,you know better the sweetness of 72.infantry: soldiers who fight on foot E.g. Our infantry was protected by a curtain of fire. 73. clump: to walk with slow noisy steps 74. inquisitive: a. interesting in a lot of different things and wanting to find out more about them好问的