仁爱年级英语U7U8知识点归纳.docx

仁爱年级英语U7U8知识点归纳UNIT 7 ORGANIZING A FOOD FESTIVAL Topic 1. We need to make some money 一、 重点词汇： 词形转换： 1.success(形容词)successful 2.invitation(动词)invite 3.tooth(复数)teeth 4.friendly(比较级)more friendly 5.Russia(形容词)Russian 6.Africa(形容词)African 7.India(形容词)Indian 8.sandwich(复数)sandwiches 9.supply(复数)supplies 10.post(名词)poster 重点词组： 1. hear of 听说 2. make money 挣钱 3. be pleased to do 很高兴做某事 4. think about 思考，思索 5. think over 仔细考虑 6. make a poster 做海报 7. Organize a Food Festival 举办美食节 8. turn to sb./sth. 求助于，求教于 9. chat with sb. 和某人交谈/聊天 10. whats more 而且 11. never mind 没关系 12. work hard at 在方面努力学习 二、重点句型： 1.Do you know about Daniel Igali ? 你知道丹尼尔艾格雷吗？ know about“了解”，know a lot about“对某事了解很深”，know a little about“对某事或某人了解一些”，而know是“知道”，“认识”之意，如： I know her.我认识她。I know about her.我了解她。二者意思不同。 2.I have heard of him.我从未听说过他。 hear of sb./sth“听说过某人或某事” hear + that从句“听说，得知” hear from sb.“收到某人的来信” hear“听见” listen“注意听” 3.Ill think over how we should organize the food festival.我将仔细考虑我们应该怎样组织这次美食节活动。 think over“仔细考虑” think of/about“考虑，思考” think of 还有“想起”之意 4.Lets try our best to make it successful.让我们尽力成功举办这次美食节活动。 try ones best=do ones best尽力，努力 make sb./sth. successful 使获得成功 5.Whats more, Im sure that selling rice and dumpling dishes can make a lot of money. 而且，我相信出售米饭和饺子会赚很多钱。 Whats more (口语)而且，更有甚者 She is a beautiful girl .Whats more ,she is friendly to us. 她是一个漂亮的女孩，而且对人也友好 selling rice and dumpling dishes是v-ing分词短语做主语。 6.Its a pleasure. 用于感谢的答语还有：Thats Ok./Thats all right./Youre welcome./My pleasure. 7.May I invite you to our food festival? Invite sb. to some place邀请某人去某处 Invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做谋事 如： May I invite you to go shopping with me? 我能邀请你一起去购物吗？ 8.Extension six zero zero six, please. 请接分机号6006。 相当于Can I have extension six zero zero six ,please ? 或Please dial extension six zero zero six. 9.Keep trying.继续努力吧。 Keep(on)doing sth.继续/重复做某事 Keep sb./sth.doing sth. 让某人持续做某事；让某事持续进行 如： He kept writing all the night.他整晚在写作。 Ill try not to keep you waiting.我会尽量不让你久等。 10.It has very few school supplies.学校设施简陋。 句中supplies是作名词用。如：very few school supplies,这里supplies是名词复数， 译为“学校设施简陋”，supply作为动词用，意为“提供”、“供应”。如： The school supplies books for/to the children.=The school supplies the children with books. -学校提供孩子们书籍。即：supply sth.to/for sb.或supply sb. with sth. 11.Our students will sell many delicious international foods in order to raise money for a village school in Nigeria. 为了给尼日利亚一所乡村学校筹钱，我们学生将出售许多美味的国际食品。 in order to意为“为了”，它引导的动词不定式短语作目的状语。否定结构 用in order not to ,比so as to正式，也可以用so that代替。如： - Hell try his best to work hard in order to/so as to catch up with his classmates.= Hell try his best to work hard so that he can catch up with his classmates. 他将尽全力努力学习为了能赶上他的同学。 raise money集资，筹款 三、语法学习： 1. 宾语从句 宾语从句在句中起宾语的作用。它可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词、不定式、分词、动名词以及某些形容词的宾语，宾语从句可以由连词that, whether, if, 代词who, whose, what, which和副词when, where, how, why等引导。现先着重介绍连词that引导的宾语从句。下面就举例说明： I think he will be all right in a few days. 我想他几天就会好了。 Im afraid (that)you are wrong. 恐怕你错了。 I dont think(that)you are right. 我认为你不对。 I hope that youll be better soon. 我希望你很快康复。 I heard that he joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 Im glad that you are ready to help others. 我很高兴你乐意帮助别人。 学习宾语从句应注意几点： (1).引导词 (2).时态 (3).语序 2. 征求对方意见或提建议的句型。 提建议、征询对方意见的四种表达方式 (1) Shall I (we) ? 常用在提供帮助，提出建议，要求给以指示和征求意见，常译为我，好吗？ 如：Shall I (we) open the window? 我把窗户打开，好吗？ (2) May I? 常用在征求对方意见的句子中，常译为“我可以吗？” 如：May I invite you to organize the Food Festival with me ? 我可以邀请你和我一起组织这次美食节吗？ (3) Will you ? 常用于请求对方完成某一动作，同时征求对方意见，常译为“请你好吗？”如： Will you please call me this evening? 请你今晚打电话给我好吗？ (4) Would you like to? Would like to do sth. 想要做某事。如： Would you like to eat another mooncake? 你想再来一块月饼吗？ 四、 日常交际用语：谈论社交活动中有关常见的日常交际用语 Shall we have a food festival to make money for his school ? May I invite you to our food festival ? Id love to, but Im afraid I have no time. Will you please tell me something about? Whats up ? Thank you for inviting me to your food festival. Topic2 Cooking is fun 一 重点词汇： 词形转换： 1.cook(名词)cook/cooker 2.fine(副词)finely 3.gentle(副词)gently 4.noise(形容词)noisy 5.noisy(副词)noisily 6.hotheat 7.polite(反义词)impolite 8.proud(名词)pride 重点词组： 1.be ready to do sb./sth. 乐意/准备做某事 2.be kind to sb./sth . 对某人/某物友好 3.slicefinely 精细地把切小 4.for a few minutes 过了一会儿 5.fillwith 用装满 6.drink to somebody 为干杯 7.finish doing 做完某事 8.sit down at the table 坐在桌子旁边 9.at table 吃饭，就餐 10.start with 以开始 11.raise glass 举杯 12.take a sip 喝一小口 13.around the world=all over the world=in the world 世界各地 二.重点句型： 1.You often teach me to be kind to the poor and the old. 你经常教我要善待穷人和老人。 teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事 be kind to do sth. kind是形容词，译为“善待某人” 2.Would you like me to help you? 你需要我的帮忙吗？ 该句表示“客气的请求”，相当于Would you like + to do?或Will you please + do? 另外like sb. to do sth.,这里like是动词，相当于want,译为“要某人做某事”。 3.Its very kind of you. 你真是太好了。 该句等同于You are very kind. 4.After that, fill bowels 70%80% full with bone soup slowly. 之后，慢慢地在碗里加78分的骨头汤。 fill with“用装满”,fill用作动词，构成be filled with等同于be full of译为“充满，装满” 如： Fill the glass with water.往杯子里注满水 The glass is filled of water.= The glass is full of water. 杯子里装满了水 5.Its not impolite to smoke during a meal in France. 在法国，吃饭时吸烟不是不礼貌的。 During是介词，后常跟名词或短语，而while是连词，后常跟从句。如： What did you do during the summer holiday? 在暑假期间你做了什么？这里不能用while代替。 6.what does the dinner start with ? 晚餐先吃什么？ begin/start with 以开始，如：Lets start our class with Unit 1. 让我们从第一单元开始上课。 7.Never drink too much during a dinner. 就餐时千万别喝太多。 too much 是用来修饰不可数名词，too many是修饰可数名词，而much too是修饰形容词和副词。如：too much water太多的水，too many trees太多的树木，much too tired太累了 8.In parts of India, they use their fingers and bread to pick up the food .在印度地区，他们用手指和面包来抓食物。 这里pick up译为“抓起，拾起”，另外还有“接之意。如： Ill come to pick you up.我会开车去接你。 三、语法学习： 1.宾语从句 宾语从句的第二种类型由if或whether连接词引导，语序要用陈述句语序，意思是 “是否”“是不是”。如： I dont know if/whether it is fine tomorrow.(语序必须是陈述句的) Do you know if/whether hell come? I dont know if/whether hell come. 比较:If he comes tomorrow, let me know.(条件状语从句用现在时态) 注：if引导状语从句，译为“如果”；引导宾语从句，译为“是否”，等同于whether。当宾语从句后面有or not时，一般用whether,不用if。 2掌握并懂得正确应用It is+adj. + to do sth.句型 It is+adj. + to do sth.句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。通常若主语太长，为避免头重脚轻，可用it 作形式主语，将动词不定式后置。如： It is necessary to study English hard. Its polite to smoke during a meal in France. 四、日常交际用语：有关就餐前的日常交际用语 Whats the most popular in your restaurant ? .Whats your favorite Chinese dish? .Would you like me to help you? Of course. Its very kind of you. .How do you to make it? It sounds difficult. .Well done! Topic3. A wonderful food festival! 一、重点词汇： 词型转换： 1.sell (名词)sale 2.buy (反义词) sell 3.else (同义词)other 4.regular (副词)regularly 5.noisily (比较级)more noisily 6.neatly (最高级)most neatly 重点词组： 1.shine brightly 阳光灿烂 2.many different delicious food 各种不同的可口食物 3.on sale 上市，出售 4.kindhearted 心地善良 5.a table for two 一张双人桌 6.have the bill=get/pay the bill 结帐，付帐 7.go Dutch 各付各的帐/AA制 8.main course 主食，主菜 9.go well 进展顺利 10.sell well 卖得很好 11.be worth doing 值得做 12.send to 把寄给 13.send for 派人去请 14.keep a balanced diet 保持日常饮食均衡 15.not onlybut also 不但而且 16.not all 并非所有的 二、重点句型： 1.enjoy yourselves! 祝你们玩得开心！ enjoy oneself 相当于have a good /nice/great/wonderful time 2.Anything else ? 还要别的吗？ else译为“别的”“其他的”常修饰疑问词，不定代词并放在所修饰词的后面。如：what else, who else, nobody else, something else等。other也表示“别的”“其他的”，但它修饰名词。如：some other people其他的一些人，other修饰名词people,不能用else代替。 3.The Beijing roast duck smells nice and tastes nice, too. 北京烤鸭闻起来很香尝起来也香。 这里smell和taste都是系动词，后面加上形容词nice表语，构成系表结构，“系动词+adj.”构成系表结构，这类动词还有look, feel, sound, seem, get, turn, become, grow, make, keep等。 too, also, as well和either 都可以表示“也”，但用法不同： also较正式，位置通常接近动词，不用于句末：too多用于口语，位置通常在句末，前面 常有逗号隔开，as well也多用于口语，只用于句末，以上3个词都不用于否定句，而either 却用于否定句。如 He also plays the piano.他也弹钢琴。 He is a worker, too. 他也是个工人。 He plays the guitars as well.他也弹吉他。 He was not there ,either.他也不在那里。 4.We must remember that we should eat not only our favorite food but also other healthy food. 我们必须记住我们不仅要吃我们喜欢吃的食物，而且还要吃其他有益健康的食物 not onlybut also不但而且，这种结构属于“对称”的句型，要求only和also 尽量用同样的词语，如： She not only reads English ,but also speaks French. 她不仅能看懂英语，而且还能说法语。 5.The more regularly we eat, the healthier we are.我们的饮食越有规律，我们身体就越健康。The+比较级，the+比较级表越就越。如： The more trees we plant, the more beautiful our city is. 我们种越多的树，我们的城市就越漂亮。 6.Not all students have a regular breakfast.并非所有的学生早餐饮食有规律。 Not all译成“并非所有的”，是部分否定。如： Not all students like swimming. 并不是所有的学生喜欢游泳。 三、语法学习： 1.宾语从句第三种类是由what, which, whose , whom, who, where, when, why, how等引导，应注意语序变化这类宾语从句是由特殊问句转变而来的，要用wh特殊疑问词来引导，意义即为疑问词本身的含义。如： Tell me what you want.告诉我你想要什么？ Can you hear what I said? 你能听见我说了什么吗？ You may ask him when he come.你可以问他什么时候来。 Do you know who will come at the meeting?你知道谁要来参加会议吗？ Tell me how she looked after her operation.告诉我她术后恢复的怎么样。 注意：(1)宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，尤其要注意whether, if和wh疑问句引导的宾语从句的语序，即按照主语，谓语的顺序。如： Do you know why winter is colder than summer?你知道为什么冬季比夏季冷吗？ I dont know who all those people are.我不知道那些人是谁。 (2)宾语从句要考虑“时态一致”即当主句是过去时，从句也要用过去的某一时态。如： He asked me which my favorite Chinese dish was.他问我最喜爱的中国菜是那一样。 Did you know who they were?你知道他们是谁吗？ (3)若宾语从句跟在动词think, believe, suppose, except等后面，表示“要”，“认为”，句子的否定在主句上，称“否定前移”。如： I don't think you are right.我认为你是不对的。 You don't think he is right, do you? 你认为他是不对的，是吗？ 2.副词的比较级和最高级的构成 规则副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则。 单音节词或少数双音节词 构成规则 一般在词尾加er或est 以e结尾的词加r或st 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，改y为i,在加er或est 多音节词和部分双音节词 构成规则 在词前加more或most 少数不规则副词的比较级和最高级的变化形式如下： 原级 well badly little much far 比较级 better worse less more farther/further 最高级 best worst least most farthest/furthest (2) 副词比较等级的用法 a. 同级比较：表示两者在某一方面程度相同时，用“as+副词原形+as”的句式；但表示前者不如后者时，用“not so(as)+副词原形+as”的句式。如； The boys are listening as carefully as the girls. 男生们跟女生们在一样认真地听。 He didnt dance so(as) well as Jim. 他跳舞没有吉姆跳得好 b.比较级：表示一方程度比另一方更高时，用“副词比较级+than”的句式。在这一句式中，当than前后的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。该动词或助动词可以省略。副词比较级前常用much., a little, still, even表示“更”，这也可以作为判断比较级的依据。如： I sing better than she (does). 我唱歌比她唱得好。 My brother did much better in his lessons than I.我哥哥功课学得比我好多了。 c.最高级：表示三个或三个以上的人或物的比较时，用副词最高级。结构为“the+副词最高级+比较范围。”其中的the常省去，比较范围常用of或in短语。如： Maria speaks English (the) best in our class. 在我们班上，玛丽亚英语讲得最好。 He studies (the) hardest of the three boys. 这三个男孩中，他学习最用功。 四、日常交际用语：有关就餐时日常交际用语 Here is the menu for you. May I take your order? Would you like to try?/start with? Id like,please. Which kind of drink would you like, beer, wine or tea? Anything else? No, thats all. May I have the bill? Lets go Dutch. UNIT 8 BEAUTIFUL CLOTHES Topic 1 What a nice coat ! 一 重点词汇及短语： 词汇： 1.服装名称： belt腰带 blouse宽松的上衣 boots 靴子 cap 帽子 coat外套 dress套裙 gloves手套 hat 帽子 jacket夹克 jeans牛仔裤 pants裤子 raincoat雨衣 scarf围巾 shirt衬衣 shoes鞋子 shorts 短裤 skirt裙子 socks 短袜 stockings长袜 suit套服 sweater毛衣 tie领带 2.小件 briefcase公文包 purse钱包 umbrella雨伞 wallet 皮夹 3.衣服号码 small小号 medium 中号 large 大号 extra large特大号 短语： 1.on the first floor 在一楼 2.getfrom 从中得到 3.shopping center 购物中心 4.catch ones eye 吸引某人的注意 5.go with 与相配 6.on special days 在特殊的日子 7.in fact 事实上，实际上 8.thanksgiving Day 感恩节 9.depend on 依靠，依赖,相信 10.Its said that 据说 11.Santa Claus 圣诞老人 12.the sameas 与一样 13.protectfrom 保护使不受 14.as well as 也，还 15.be made of/from 由制成 二重点句型： 1.whats it made of?它是由什么做成的？ be made of意为“由制成”，类似结构的短语还有 be made from“由制成” be made in “某物生产于某地” be made up of“由组成” be made into“把作成某产品”如： The table is made of wood.这张桌子是木头制成的。 Paper is made from wood.纸是木材做成的。 The TV set is made in Japan.这台电视机是日本产的。 The medical team is made up of ten doctors.这支医疗队由十位大夫组成。 Bamboo can be made into walking sticks and fishing rods. 用竹子可以制成很好的拐杖和钓鱼竿。 2.The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和了。 “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”如： The little tree is getting taller and taller.那棵小树越来越高了。 对于多音节的形容词或副词则这样表达more and more+adj/adv.如： The girl becomes more and more beautiful. 那个女孩变得越来越漂亮了 3.We can get cotton from plants and get wool,silk and leather from animals. 我们可以从植物中获得棉花，从动物中获得羊毛、丝绸和皮革。 get sth .from/sth./sb.从某事或某人处获得某物。 4.Acaught her eye.一个引起了她的注意。如：catch ones eye 意为“吸引某人的注意”如： Can you catch the teachers eye? 你能引起老师的注意吗？ 5.What the people there wear depends on their likes and dislikes. 人们的衣着取决于他们的喜好。 depend on 意为“依靠、依赖”如： We depend on our hard work.我们依靠我们的努力工作。 6.Some people prefer to dress formally一些人宁可打扮得正式些 prefer 宁肯，更喜欢， prefer A to B = like A better than B I like prefer singing =I like singing better.我更喜欢唱歌。 I prefer swimming to skating.比起滑冰我更喜欢游泳。 7.While many South American people have the same way of dressing as Australia? 然而许多南美的人们和澳大利亚有相同的衣着方式。 While用于对比两件事物，意为“而，然而” Michael is interested in music, while his brother prefers P.E. 迈克对音乐感兴趣，而他的兄弟却更喜欢体育。 the same as 和一样/相同，反义词：be different from与不一样，如： My idea is the same as yours, but its different from his我的主意和你的一样，但和他的不一样。 8.People first started wearing clothes to protect themselves from the sun ,wind, rain and cold.人们最早穿衣服是为了保护他们不受日晒、风吹、雨打以及寒冷。 protect from sth/doing sth 阻止做 The trees can protect the sand from moving.树可以防止沙子向前移。 Try to protect your skin from the sun.尽量保护你的皮肤不受太阳暴晒。 三语法学习：感叹句 感叹句用于表示说话时的一种较为强烈的感情。如：喜悦、赞叹、惊异、愤怒、厌恶等。感叹句的构成为“感叹部分+陈述部分+”，感叹部分由感叹词引导，陈述部分为整个感叹句的主语和谓语，句尾要用叹号“！”，读时要用降调。如： What a nice day it is ! 多好的天气！ What a good boy he is ! 多好的男孩！ How silly you are ! 你真傻！ How beautiful it is ! 它多美啊！ 感叹句的四种形式： What +a(an)+名词单数+主语+谓语 What +形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语 How +形容词+主语+be How +副词+主语+动词 口语中，what或how引导的感叹句可省略主语+谓语。如： What an interesting book! /How interesting! ( 4) what 与how引导的感叹句之间的转换。 What a beautiful girl she is!=How beautiful the girl is! How delicious the food is!=What delicious food it is! Topic2 What would you like to wear ? 一重点词汇： 1.school uniform 校服 2.allow sb.to do sth 允许某人做某事 3.make a survey 做调查 4.be in need 在需要时 5.take off 脱下，脱掉；起飞 6.on every occasion 在每一个场合 7.have a business meeting 开商务会议 8.dress for 为穿衣服/打扮 9.in fashion 流行，时尚 10.out of fashion 不流行，过时 11.advise sb.(not) to do sth. 建议/劝告某人做某事 12.at other times 在其余的时候；有的时候 二重点句型： 1.I dont like uniform because they will so ugly on us. 我不喜欢校服，因为我们穿了它看起来很丑。 look so ugly on us意为“穿在我们身上看起来很丑” 2.I think our school should allow us to design our own uniform. 我认为我们的学校应该允许我们设计自己的校服。 allow“允许、许可”，allow sb